49 research outputs found

    Attractiveness of Foreign Direct Investment and Export Performance in Morocco: The Case of the Automotive Industry

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    Thanks to its geopolitical position and its know-how, Morocco has established itself as a leader in the automotive sector on the continent. The Moroccan automotive industry has experienced remarkable growth in recent years. A dazzling progression that is not about to stop. Thus, Morocco has become the 28th largest car exporter in the world, first in North Africa and second on the African continent.Its performance is particularly remarkable in terms of exports and job creation, for which the sector is growing at a double-digit rate with more than 80.000 people in 2016 compared to 39.131 in 2008. Cabling is the leading employer segment with nearly 69.5% in 2016, followed by seats and seat covers (9%) and automotive manufacturing (8.3%).And with MAD58.8 billion in export sales in 2017, compared with MAD12.7 billion in 2007, the automotive sector is the leading export sector. This performance contributed to the overall evolution of Moroccan exports by nearly 36.7%. In 2017, the automotive sector became the country’s leading export sector for the fourth consecutive year. Its share rose to 23.6% in 2017 (5.5% of GDP) from 10.1% in 2007 (2.1% of GDP).An analysis of Moroccan export markets by destination shows that France and Spain are Morocco’s main customers. Thus, cabling remains the main export segment to Spain. On the other hand, for France, Germany, Italy, Turkey and the United Kingdom, automotive manufacturing is the predominant branch in exports. Outside European countries, exports of vehicles produced in Morocco doubled to Algeria between 2016 and 2017, and have increased in recent years to Asian countries, mainly China.Foreign direct investment income from the automotive industry rose sharply to MAD3.3 billion in 2017, up from MAD0.7 billion in 2010. France remains the leading direct investor in the automotive sector (82% in 2017), followed by the USA (8%) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Production and exports should continue to rise thanks to a MAD6 billion investment by PSA Peugeot Citroën, which will set up a plant in Morocco in the municipality of Ameur Seflia, in the Gharb Chrarda-Beni Hssen region, on the edge of the Atlantic Free Zone integrated industrial platform

    Les banques participatives au Maroc et le financement de la petite et moyenne entreprise : cas de la région Casablanca – Settat

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    Ces dernières années, la banque participative a constitué un domaine de concurrence important pour les systèmes bancaires du monde entier. Il s'agit d'un nouveau mode de financement basé sur le partage des pertes et des profits. En 2015, la Banque centrale du Maroc a mis en œuvre une loi bancaire réglementant les opérations des banques participatives sur le marché financier marocain. Cette contribution minimale est due à la difficulté qu'ont ces entreprises à obtenir du financement. Dans ce contexte, les banques participatives établies au Maroc en 2017 proposent des produits conformes à la charia, basés sur le partage des profits et des pertes, qui peuvent apporter des solutions de financement aux PME. A travers les résultats de nos recherches quantitatives touchant 89 PME marocaines, On peut dire que les banques participatives, notamment le produit Moudaraba et le produit Moucharaka (finançant des projets d'investissement à moyen et long terme) et le produit Salam (répondant aux besoins en fonds de roulement à court terme), peuvent contribuer efficacement au financement des PME Marocaines. &nbsp

    La gestion des risques des banques participatives marocaines

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    Within this industry, risk management is one of the pillars of banking management; this is evidenced by the fact that it currently receives a great deal of attention from market players, by initiating dialogues and stimulating discussions on the best ways to ensure this, in particular by identifying and measuring the risks in question. Far from weakening in use, this attention is only growing, constantly emphasizing the importance of a rational management of these risks. Indeed, the global financial crisis of 2008 not only revealed the low level of risk management practices among traditional banks affected by the crisis, but also highlighted the solidity and strength of banks in the face of this phenomenon. Participative banks are thus attracted the attention and interest of many people, administering the evidence of their ability to function successfully despite the series of financial and economic crises experienced by the world economy. The quality of this work lies in the consideration of these different complex aspects of the identification, measurement and risk management in Moroccan participating banks, to try to bring an informed opinion to professionals and practitioners in the field through an exploratory study, and finally answer the following questions: how are present at present, the tools set up by Moroccan participatory banks for risk management?   Keywords: Attractiveness; participatory banking; risk management. JEL Classification : E50, G20, G32, H12. Paper type: Empirical research.Au sein de cette industrie, la gestion des risques constitue l'un des piliers du management bancaire ; en atteste le fait qu'elle reçoit, actuellement, une vive attention de la part des acteurs de marchĂ©, en dĂ©clenchant des dialogues et en suscitant des dĂ©bats sur les meilleurs moyens de l’assurer, notamment Ă  travers l'identification et la mesure des risques en question. Loin de faiblir Ă  l’usage, cette attention ne fait que croitre en mettant, sans cesse, plus d'accent sur l'importance d'une gestion rationnelle de ces risques. En effet, la crise financière mondiale de 2008 a, non seulement rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© le faible niveau de pratiques de gestion des risques au sein des banques classiques touchĂ©es par cette crise, mais Ă©galement mis en Ă©vidence la soliditĂ© et la force des banques face Ă  ce phĂ©nomène Les banques participatives sont ainsi attirĂ© l'attention et suscitĂ© l'intĂ©rĂŞt de nombreuses personnes, en administrant la preuve de leur aptitude Ă  fonctionner avec succès en dĂ©pit des sĂ©ries de crises financières et Ă©conomiques subies par l'Ă©conomie mondiale . La qualitĂ© de ce travail rĂ©side dans la prise en considĂ©ration de ces diffĂ©rents aspects complexes de l’identification, de la mesure et de la gestion des risques dans les banques participatives marocaines, pour tenter d’apporter un avis averti auprès des professionnel et praticiens dans le domaine Ă  travers une Ă©tude exploratoire, et finalement rĂ©pond aux questions suivantes : comment se prĂ©sentent actuellement, les outils mis en place par les banques participatives marocaines pour la gestion de leurs risques ?   Mots clĂ©s : AttractivitĂ© ; banque participative ; gestion des risques. Classification JEL : E50, G20, G32, H12. Type de l’article : Recherche appliquĂ©e

    La gestion des risques des banques participatives marocaines

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    Within this industry, risk management is one of the pillars of banking management; this is evidenced by the fact that it currently receives a great deal of attention from market players, by initiating dialogues and stimulating discussions on the best ways to ensure this, in particular by identifying and measuring the risks in question. Far from weakening in use, this attention is only growing, constantly emphasizing the importance of a rational management of these risks. Indeed, the global financial crisis of 2008 not only revealed the low level of risk management practices among traditional banks affected by the crisis, but also highlighted the solidity and strength of banks in the face of this phenomenon. Participative banks are thus attracted the attention and interest of many people, administering the evidence of their ability to function successfully despite the series of financial and economic crises experienced by the world economy. The quality of this work lies in the consideration of these different complex aspects of the identification, measurement and risk management in Moroccan participating banks, to try to bring an informed opinion to professionals and practitioners in the field through an exploratory study, and finally answer the following questions: how are present at present, the tools set up by Moroccan participatory banks for risk management?   Keywords: Attractiveness; participatory banking; risk management. JEL Classification : E50, G20, G32, H12. Paper type: Empirical research.Au sein de cette industrie, la gestion des risques constitue l'un des piliers du management bancaire ; en atteste le fait qu'elle reçoit, actuellement, une vive attention de la part des acteurs de marchĂ©, en dĂ©clenchant des dialogues et en suscitant des dĂ©bats sur les meilleurs moyens de l’assurer, notamment Ă  travers l'identification et la mesure des risques en question. Loin de faiblir Ă  l’usage, cette attention ne fait que croitre en mettant, sans cesse, plus d'accent sur l'importance d'une gestion rationnelle de ces risques. En effet, la crise financière mondiale de 2008 a, non seulement rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© le faible niveau de pratiques de gestion des risques au sein des banques classiques touchĂ©es par cette crise, mais Ă©galement mis en Ă©vidence la soliditĂ© et la force des banques face Ă  ce phĂ©nomène Les banques participatives sont ainsi attirĂ© l'attention et suscitĂ© l'intĂ©rĂŞt de nombreuses personnes, en administrant la preuve de leur aptitude Ă  fonctionner avec succès en dĂ©pit des sĂ©ries de crises financières et Ă©conomiques subies par l'Ă©conomie mondiale . La qualitĂ© de ce travail rĂ©side dans la prise en considĂ©ration de ces diffĂ©rents aspects complexes de l’identification, de la mesure et de la gestion des risques dans les banques participatives marocaines, pour tenter d’apporter un avis averti auprès des professionnel et praticiens dans le domaine Ă  travers une Ă©tude exploratoire, et finalement rĂ©pond aux questions suivantes : comment se prĂ©sentent actuellement, les outils mis en place par les banques participatives marocaines pour la gestion de leurs risques ?   Mots clĂ©s : AttractivitĂ© ; banque participative ; gestion des risques. Classification JEL : E50, G20, G32, H12. Type de l’article : Recherche appliquĂ©e

    La gestion des risques des banques participatives marocaines

    Get PDF
    Within this industry, risk management is one of the pillars of banking management; this is evidenced by the fact that it currently receives a great deal of attention from market players, by initiating dialogues and stimulating discussions on the best ways to ensure this, in particular by identifying and measuring the risks in question. Far from weakening in use, this attention is only growing, constantly emphasizing the importance of a rational management of these risks. Indeed, the global financial crisis of 2008 not only revealed the low level of risk management practices among traditional banks affected by the crisis, but also highlighted the solidity and strength of banks in the face of this phenomenon. Participative banks are thus attracted the attention and interest of many people, administering the evidence of their ability to function successfully despite the series of financial and economic crises experienced by the world economy. The quality of this work lies in the consideration of these different complex aspects of the identification, measurement and risk management in Moroccan participating banks, to try to bring an informed opinion to professionals and practitioners in the field through an exploratory study, and finally answer the following questions: how are present at present, the tools set up by Moroccan participatory banks for risk management?   Keywords: Attractiveness; participatory banking; risk management. JEL Classification : E50, G20, G32, H12. Paper type: Empirical research.Au sein de cette industrie, la gestion des risques constitue l'un des piliers du management bancaire ; en atteste le fait qu'elle reçoit, actuellement, une vive attention de la part des acteurs de marchĂ©, en dĂ©clenchant des dialogues et en suscitant des dĂ©bats sur les meilleurs moyens de l’assurer, notamment Ă  travers l'identification et la mesure des risques en question. Loin de faiblir Ă  l’usage, cette attention ne fait que croitre en mettant, sans cesse, plus d'accent sur l'importance d'une gestion rationnelle de ces risques. En effet, la crise financière mondiale de 2008 a, non seulement rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© le faible niveau de pratiques de gestion des risques au sein des banques classiques touchĂ©es par cette crise, mais Ă©galement mis en Ă©vidence la soliditĂ© et la force des banques face Ă  ce phĂ©nomène Les banques participatives sont ainsi attirĂ© l'attention et suscitĂ© l'intĂ©rĂŞt de nombreuses personnes, en administrant la preuve de leur aptitude Ă  fonctionner avec succès en dĂ©pit des sĂ©ries de crises financières et Ă©conomiques subies par l'Ă©conomie mondiale . La qualitĂ© de ce travail rĂ©side dans la prise en considĂ©ration de ces diffĂ©rents aspects complexes de l’identification, de la mesure et de la gestion des risques dans les banques participatives marocaines, pour tenter d’apporter un avis averti auprès des professionnel et praticiens dans le domaine Ă  travers une Ă©tude exploratoire, et finalement rĂ©pond aux questions suivantes : comment se prĂ©sentent actuellement, les outils mis en place par les banques participatives marocaines pour la gestion de leurs risques ?   Mots clĂ©s : AttractivitĂ© ; banque participative ; gestion des risques. Classification JEL : E50, G20, G32, H12. Type de l’article : Recherche appliquĂ©e

    Déchets et économie circulaire : pour une transition vers un nouveau modèle de développement durable au Maroc ?

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    The aim of this work is to show that the circular economy is a new alternative concept to the traditional linear economy, which aims to throw away everything that can be consumed. The work aims to give renewed interest to this type of economy, which focuses on improving production and consumption patterns and transforming waste into resources in circular loops so that it can be reused again. This circular economy, which has its origins in sustainable development, aims to minimise the excessive use of natural resources, reduce the impact on the environment and improve people's well-being. Through a descriptive and analytical analysis, we address the issue of how the emergence of circular practices can contribute to the sustainable and efficient management of the waste resource in Morocco. Morocco's interest in sustainable development, and more specifically in the management of household waste, is not negligible. Nevertheless, there are several shortcomings in this area that handicap the insertion of the new economic model (the circular economy) in waste management and recovery. Therefore, through this work, we are going to show the link that exists between the circular economy and the management of the waste resource within the framework of sustainable development, and we are going to give some proposals that will make it possible to overcome the dysfunctions of the circular economy.   Keywords: circular economy, household waste, Morocco, sustainable development JEL classification : Q01, Q53, Q56, Q32 Paper type: Theoretical Research L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer que l’économie circulaire est un nouveau concept alternatif Ă  l’économie linĂ©aire traditionnelle qui vise Ă  jeter tous ce qui est consommable. Le travail vise Ă  donner un regain d’intĂ©rĂŞt Ă  ce type d’économie qui se penche vers l’amĂ©lioration des modes de production et de consommation ainsi de transformer les dĂ©chets en ressource selon des boucles circulaires afin de les rĂ©utiliser Ă  nouveau. Cette Ă©conomie circulaire qui tire son origine du dĂ©veloppement durable a pour objectif de minimiser l’utilisation excessive des ressources naturelles, diminuer l’impact sur l’environnement et amĂ©liorer le bien-ĂŞtre de la population. Ă€ travers une analyse descriptive et analytique nous rĂ©pondons Ă  la problĂ©matique qui vise Ă  montrer comment l’émergence Ă  des pratiques circulaires peuvent contribuer Ă  la gestion durable et efficace de la ressource dĂ©chet au Maroc. L’intĂ©rĂŞt accordĂ© par le Maroc en matière de dĂ©veloppement durable et plus particulièrement la gestion des dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers n’est pas nĂ©gligeable, nĂ©anmoins, il existe plusieurs dĂ©faillances en la matière qui handicapent l’insertion du nouveau modèle Ă©conomique (l’économie circulaire) dans la gestion et la valorisation des dĂ©chets. Donc Ă  travers ce travail nous allons montrer le lien qui existe entre l’économie circulaire et la gestion de la ressource dĂ©chet dans le cadre du dĂ©veloppement durable ainsi, nous allons donner quelques propositions qui permettent de pallier aux dysfonctionnements enregistrĂ©s au Maroc.   Mots-clĂ©s : Ă©conomie circulaire, dĂ©chets mĂ©nagers, Maroc, dĂ©veloppement durable Classification JEL : Q01, Q53, Q56, Q32 Type de l’article : Article thĂ©oriqu

    Insecticidal potential of Streptomyces sp. dichloromethane extracts against the cactus cochineal Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell)

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    Destructive damages caused by Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) to cactus worldwide require an ecofriendly IPM approach. Streptomyces sp. produce wide range of biologically active secondary metabolites that can be an interesting alternative to chemical insecticides for pest control, as they are less toxic and easily biodegradable. The efficacy of dichloromethane extracts of four Moroccan Streptomyces sp. strains: Streptomyces bellus- E23-2, Streptomyces galilaeus- E23-9, Streptomyces africanus- E23-3, and Streptomyces bellus- E25-12 (applied at 11, 13, 15, 17 and 20 mg mL-1) against D. opuntiae nymphs and adult females was evaluated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Results showed that Streptomyces bellus- E23-2 and Streptomyces galilaeus- E23-9 dichloromethane extracts applied at 20 mg mL-1 were more effective, causing higher mortality against nymphs (92% and 91%, respectively) and adult females (90% and 95%, respectively) after 8 days of exposure, resulting in an LT50 value of 3.0 days (nymph), and 3.0 and 6.0 days (adult female), respectively. Streptomyces bellus- E25-12 extract had the lowest mortalities [88% (nymph) and 68% (adult female)]. In greenhouse experiment, the highest first instar nymph mortality was achieved by Streptomyces bellus- E23-2 (55.5%) and Streptomyces galilaeus- E23-9 (50.5%) dichloromethane extracts at 20 mg mL-1. The metabolites found in dichloromethane extracts of Streptomyces bellus- E23-2 and Streptomyces galilaeus- E23-9 show considerable potential to be used in the development of new biopesticide formulations for use in integrated pest management programs against D. opuntiae

    Dual anti-idiotypic purification of a novel, native-format biparatopic anti-MET antibody with improved in vitro and in vivo efficacy

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    Bispecific antibodies are of great interest due to their ability to simultaneously bind and engage different antigens or epitopes. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to assemble, produce and/or purify them. Here we present an innovative dual anti-idiotypic purification process, which provides pure bispecific antibodies with native immunoglobulin format. Using this approach, a biparatopic IgG1 antibody targeting two distinct, HGF-competing, non-overlapping epitopes on the extracellular region of the MET receptor, was purified with camelid single-domain antibody fragments that bind specifically to the correct heavy chain/light chain pairings of each arm. The purity and functionality of the anti-MET biparatopic antibody was then confirmed by mass spectrometry and binding experiments, demonstrating its ability to simultaneously target the two epitopes recognized by the parental monoclonal antibodies. The improved MET-inhibitory activity of the biparatopic antibody compared to the parental monoclonal antibodies, was finally corroborated in cell-based assays and more importantly in a tumor xenograft mouse model. In conclusion, this approach is fast and specific, broadly applicable and results in the isolation of a pure, novel and native-format anti-MET biparatopic antibody that shows superior biological activity over the parental monospecific antibodies both in vitro and in vivo
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