Comparison of active vs. expectant management of the third stage of labor in women with low risk of postpartum hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial

Objectives: To compare the ‘strictly’ active management protocol in women with low risk of postpartum hemorrhage using the expectant management protocol with respect to changes in hematologic parameters, uterotonics, blood transfusions, or additional interventions. Material and methods: A randomized controlled prospective trial in which 934 singleton parturients enrolled; 654 were randomly assigned to the active and mixed management groups. The primary outcome parameter was the reduction in hemoglobin concentrations due to delivery, and the secondary outcome parameters were changes in hemoglobin of more than 3 g/dL (ΔHb ≥ 3 g/dL), durations of the third stage of labor, need for additional uterotonic agents, blood transfusions, manual removal of the placenta, and surgical evacuation of retained products of conception. Results: The mean postpartum hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher (P = 0.04) in the active management group with a significantly lower reduction (P = 0.03). Falls of hemoglobin levels of more than 3 g/dL (ΔHb ≥ 3g/dL) were less common in the active management group though not significantly (P = 0.32). The mean duration of the third stage of labor was significantly (P < 0.001) shorter in the active management group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the need for additional uterotonic agents, uterine atony, blood transfusion, manual removal of the placenta, surgical evacuation of retained products of conception, and prolonged third stage of labor. Conclusions: Although active management of the third stage of labor was associated with higher postpartum hemoglobin levels, it did not influence the risk of ‘severe postpartum hemorrhage’ in women with low risk of postpartum hemorrhage

Enhancing effect of chia seeds on heterocyclic amine generation in meatball

The impact of using chia seeds at different rates (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) in meatball on the water content, pH and lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS), cooking loss and heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) content of meatballs cooked at 150, 200, and 250 °C was investigated. The chia seed significantly affected water content (P 0.05) was detected on TBARS value. With cooking, water content decreased (P < 0.01), while the pH and TBARS values increased (P < 0.01). Cooking temperatures significantly affected (P < 0.01) the water content, cooking loss and total HAAs content. The content of total HAAs of the meatballs increased with increasing the cooking temperature. The results illustrated that IQ, 7,8-DiMeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, AαC and MeAαC were below the detectable limit (<LOD) in all samples, while MeIQx was the dominant compound among the detected HAAs compounds. The research indicated that the use of chia seeds increased the total HAA content, and the highest level was found in meatballs prepared with 1% chia seeds

Exploring the Potential Medicinal Benefits of Ganoderma lucidum: From Metabolic Disorders to Coronavirus Infections

Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal mushroom that has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine for centuries. It has been found to have a wide range of medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-boosting effects. Recent research has focused on the potential benefits of G. lucidum in treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity, as well as its possible role in preventing and treating infections caused by the coronavirus. Triterpenoids are a major group of bioactive compounds found in G. lucidum, and they have a range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These compounds have been found to improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels in animal models of diabetes. Additionally, G. lucidum polysaccharides have been found to reduce bodyweight and improve glucose metabolism in animal models of obesity. These polysaccharides can also help to increase the activity of certain white blood cells, which play a critical role in the body’s immune response. For coronavirus, some in vitro studies have shown that G. lucidum polysaccharides and triterpenoids have the potential to inhibit coronavirus infection; however, these results have not been validated through clinical trials. Therefore, it would be premature to draw any definitive conclusions about the effectiveness of G. lucidum in preventing or treating coronavirus infections in humans. © 2023 by the authors

A review on microbiota: relation with diseases and nutrients role

Microbiota plays an essential role in human development and body homeostasis. Individual and environmental variables influence the diversity of microbiota, which performs crucial biochemical activities in the human body and influences health status and disease in later years. Many diseases in adulthood may be prevented or treated if the relationship between the microbiome, nutrition, especially the immune system, and growth and development could be fully understood. For a healthy gut microbiota, the diet-related changes in the core microbiota must be long-lasting, achieving permanence in microbiota change. This process is possible by maintaining a sustainable diet and adhering to this diet for a long time. Therefore, this study reviewed the relationship between nutrition, microbiota, and various life-threatening diseases

A review on microbiota: relation with diseases and nutrients role

Microbiota plays an essential role in human development and body homeostasis. Individual and environmental variables influence the diversity of microbiota, which performs crucial biochemical activities in the human body and influences health status and disease in later years. Many diseases in adulthood may be prevented or treated if the relationship between the microbiome, nutrition, especially the immune system, and growth and development could be fully understood. For a healthy gut microbiota, the diet-related changes in the core microbiota must be long-lasting, achieving permanence in microbiota change. This process is possible by maintaining a sustainable diet and adhering to this diet for a long time. Therefore, this study reviewed the relationship between nutrition, microbiota, and various life-threatening diseases

Effects of ram presence during synchronization period and previous experience on certain estrus parameters and sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes

This study aimed to investigate the effects of ram presence during estrus synchronization protocol and previous sexual experience on estrus onset, estrus duration, and sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes. The ewes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of rams during the synchronization protocol. Ewes in each group were also divided into 3 subgroups according to their previous sexual experience. Ram presence during synchronization protocol did not affect estrus onset, estrus duration, mean attractivity, mean proceptivity, and mean receptivity. Nonexperienced ewes had longer estrus onset and shorter estrus duration than experienced ewes. Experienced ewes were more attractive and more receptive than the naive ones. It is concluded that although ram presence during estrus synchronization has no effect on sexual behaviors, previous sexual experience with males improves the expression of sexual behaviors in Kivircik ewes. Therefore, detection of estrus in maiden ewes should be performed more carefully in order to get high rates of flock fertility

Haematological stress parameters and behavioural characterisucs of dairy type goat kids compared to indigenous breeds during an intensive fattening programme

In any production model, the extent to which the animals cope with the environment is important in terms of animal welfare and sustainability of production. The aim of the study was to investigate certain haematological parameters and behaviours of goat kids from dairy type Saanen and Maltese breeds via comparison with indigenous Hair and Gokceada breeds during the 10-week intensive fattening period. Eleven male goat kids each of Saanen, Maltese, Hair and Gokceada breeds were weaned at 3-3.5 months of age and then placed into four fattening pens prepared for each breed, separately. Cortisol, glucose and total protein levels were higher in Gokceada kids in the last period of the fattening compared to the kids of other breeds (P < 0.05). In Gokceada kids, an evident decrease in the time spent hay feeding and on rumination and an increase in lying, standing and self-grooming behaviours were determined during the last 3 weeks of fattening. Moreover, there was a significant decrease regarding hay feeding in Hair goat kids in the last 2 weeks (P < 0.05). Hair goat kids also exhibited less rumination behaviour compared to Saanen kids during the last 4 weeks of fattening (P < 0.05). On the other hand, kids of dairy breeds did not express behavioural or biochemical stress responses during the fattening period. As a conclusion, when evaluated in terms of animal welfare, results of the current study may indicate that indigenous breeds, especially Gokceada kids, are not appropriate for intensive fattening in a pen

Laparoskopik histerektomi sonrası uygulanan ayak refleksolojisinin analjezi kullanımını azaltmada ve iyileşmede etkisi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada laparoskopik histerektomi geçiren kadınlara postoperatif 2. saatte uygulanan ayak refleksolojisinin post-operatif ağrı ve distansiyonu (dolayısıyla analjezi kullanımını) azaltmada ve iyileşmede etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.Method: Randomize kontrollü deneysel tasarımlı bu çalışma Ocak-Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ili Anadolu yakasında bir kamu hastanesinin Jinekoloji kliniğinde gerçekleştirildi. Örneklem sayısı belirlemede G-Power güç analizi kullanıldı ve gruplara seçimde basit randomizasyon kullanıldı. Çalışma grubu (ÇG) 35, kontrol grubu (KG) 35 olmak üzere toplam 70 laparoskopik histerektomi geçiren kadınla çalışıldı. ÇG kadınlara post-operatif 2. saatte ayak refleksolojisi uygulandı. Her iki gruptaki kadınlar post-op ilk 24 saatte 7 kez değerlendirildi. Veriler; Hasta Değerlendirme Formu, Hasta İzlem Formu ve Ameliyat Sonrası İyileşme İndeksi (ASİİ) ile toplandı. Verilerin analizi Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versiyon 22 de yapıldı.Bulgular: Kadınların yaş ortalaması 49,89 ± 9,1 (ÇG: 50,3±7,2; KG: 49,49±10,7) dı, tüm kadınların eğitimleri ilkokul düzeyinde (%40,0) yoğunluk kazanıyordu, sosyo-demografik, obstetrik, kronik hastalık özellikleri ve gastrointestinal sistem alışkanlıkları açısından gruplar benzerdi (p>0.05). Post-op ilk 24 saatte yapılan 7 değerlendirmede, her iki grupta da ağrı düzeyi zamanla azalmakla birlikte ÇG bu azalma devamlı ve daha belirgindi, KG ise 6. saatte kadar olan azalma sonrası ağrıda artış vardı ve masaj sonrası yapılan 6 ölçümde fark anlamlıydı (p0,001). ASİİ total skoru ve alt boyut puan ortalamaları ÇG kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p0.05). In 7 evaluations made in the first 24 hours post-op, although the pain level decreased over time in both groups, this decrease was continuous and more pronounced in SG, while there was an increase in pain after the decrease in CG until the 6th hour, and the difference was significant in 6 measurements made after the massage (p0.001). PoRI total score and sub-dimension mean score were significantly lower in SG women (p<0.001).Conclusion: It was concluded that after laparoscopic hysterectomy, foot reflexology reduces gastrointestinal system problems, use of analgesia and has a positive effect on postoperative recovery, and its application in clinics will be beneficial

Effect of lairage duration on cattle behaviors and stockperson actions in the slaughter corridor in Simmental and Swiss Brown breeds

The aim was to investigate the effects of duration of lairage period and breed on behaviors of beef cattle and on stockperson handling actions toward cattle in the slaughter corridor. A total of 85 beef cattle (61 Simmental, 24 Brown Swiss) were allocated to 4 trial groups according to the duration of lairage period (24 h, 15 h, 1 h and no lairage). Animal behaviors and stockperson's handling actions were video recorded during the passage of animal through the slaughter corridor. Time spent in the slaughter corridor ranged between 4.64 and 16.82 min, and cattle lairaged 15 h spent more time in the slaughter corridor than the other groups (P < 0.05). Breed and lairage group had no effect on AWBEH (animal behavior) and AWACT (stockperson actions) scores and frequencies of animal behaviors, except butting. Beef cattle slaughtered without transport and lairage expressed less butting behavior compared to other lairage groups (P < 0.05). The most observed stockperson handling actions were goading, beating, tapping, and tail twisting, respectively. Cattle from L-15 group were exposed to more beating and prodding actions while cattle from L-24 h group were exposed to more pulling action. In conclusion, increasing the lairage period did not contribute to the reduction of stockperson interventions and cattle behaviors indicative of poor welfare in the slaughter corridor. Both stockperson training and facility improvements would greatly improve cattle welfare