Primer fibromiyalji sendromunda oral magnezyum tedavisinin etkinligi

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oral magnesium treatment on clinical findings such as number of sensitive points, severity of pain and functional capacity in primary Fibromyalgia syndrome patients. Material and Methods: Twenty-five primary fibromyalgia syndrome patients (24 female, 1 male) were enrolled to the study. Patients were examined in terms of pain in rest and activity, number of sensitive points and functional capacity. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used for functional assessment and pain respectively. Serum and twenty-four hour urine magnesium levels were measured. The serum and urine magnesium levels were measured by original kits of Abbott Aeroset autoanaylzer (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, 60064, USA). Patients were administered magnesium citrate (Magnesium Diasporal 600 mg sachets b.i.d. orally) therapy for two months. At the end of two months, patients were reexamined in terms of recorded clinical and laboratory findings. Results: The mean age of patients was 44.8 (SD=7.4) years and the mean duration of disease was 25.4 (SD=19.2) months. There was a significant improvement in number of sensitive points, pain and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire score at the end of two-month therapy (p0.05). Conclusions: In the treatment of Fibromyalgia syndrome, magnesium citrate therapy was found to be safe and efficient on number of sensitive points, pain and functional state.AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, primer fibromiyalji sendromu olan hastalarda oral magnezyum tedavisinin hassas nokta sayısı, ağı şiddeti gibi klinik bulgular ve fonksiyonel kapasite üzerine olan etkilerini araştırmaktır. GEREÇ ve YÖNTEMLER: Yirmi-beş primer fibromiyalji sendromu olan hasta (24 bayan 1 erkek) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar istirahat ve aktivite agrıları, hassas nokta sayısı ve fonksiyonel kapasite açısından değerlendirildi. Fibromiyalji etkinlik sorgulaması ve vizuel analog skala (VAS), sırasıyla fonksiyonel durum ve ağrı şiddetini değerlendirmek için kullanıldı. Serum ve 24 saatlik idrarda magnezyum seviyesi ölçüldü. Serum ve idrar magnezyum düzeyleri Abbott Aeroset autoanaylzer orjinal kiti (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, 60064, USA) ile ölçüldü. Hastalar iki ay boyunca magnezyum sitrat (Magnesium Diasporal 600 mg sase b.i.d. oral) tedavisi aldılar. Iki ayın sonunda, tekrar muayene edilip klinik bulguları kaydedildi. BULGULAR: Hastaların yas ortalaması 44.8 (SS=7.4) yıl ve hastalık süresi ortalama 25.4 (SS=19.2) aydı. Hassas nokta sayısı, ağrı ve fibromiyalji etkinlik sorgulaması skorunda tedavi öncesine göre ikinci ayın sonunda anlamlı iyileşme olduğu gözlendi (p<0.001). Tedavi periyodunun sonunda, serum ve 24 saatlik idrardaki magnezyum düzeyleri normal sınırlar içinde kaldı ve değisiklikler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeye ulaşamadı (p>0.05). SONUÇ: Fibromiyalji sendromunun tedavisinde magnezyum sitrat tedavisi hassas nokta sayısı, ağrı ve fonksiyonel durum üzerinde etkili ve güvenli olarak bulundu

3D non-linear inversion of magnetic anomalies caused by prismatic bodies using differential evolution algorithm

3D non-linear inversion of total field magnetic anomalies caused by vertical-sided prismatic bodies has been achieved by differential evolution (DE), which is one of the population-based evolutionary algorithms. We have demonstrated the efficiency of the algorithm on both synthetic and field magnetic anomalies by estimating horizontal distances from the origin in both north and east directions, depths to the top and bottom of the bodies, inclination and declination angles of the magnetization, and intensity of magnetization of the causative bodies. In the synthetic anomaly case, we have considered both noise-free and noisy data sets due to two vertical-sided prismatic bodies in a non-magnetic medium. For the field case, airborne magnetic anomalies originated from intrusive granitoids at the eastern part of the Biga Peninsula (NW Turkey) which is composed of various kinds of sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks, have been inverted and interpreted. Since the granitoids are the outcropped rocks in the field, the estimations for the top depths of two prisms representing the magnetic bodies were excluded during inversion studies. Estimated bottom depths are in good agreement with the ones obtained by a different approach based on 3D modelling of pseudogravity anomalies. Accuracy of the estimated parameters from both cases has been also investigated via probability density functions. Based on the tests in the present study, it can be concluded that DE is a useful tool for the parameter estimation of source bodies using magnetic anomalies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Metaheuristics in applied geophysics

In this study, four metaheuristic algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), differential evolution (DE) and simulated annealing (SA) were used for one-, two-and threedimensional (1D, 2D and 3D) geophysical inverse problems. Theoretical and/or field data sets obtained by self-potential (SP), direct current resistivity (DCR), magnetic and crosshole radar applications were interpreted by one of the above-mentioned metaheuristics. PSO was used to determine model parameters (i. e., the electric dipole moment, polarization angle, depth, shape factor and origin of the anomaly) of SP anomalies which are both synthetically generated and measured over a graphite deposit in the southern Bavarian woods, Germany. A realvalued GA was used for estimating the parameters of a horizontallylayered earth model (i. e., resistivity and thickness of each layer) from vertical electrical sounding curves via the data sets based on both theoretical and a field experiment in a karstic environment in Bozdag, Izmir (Turkey). A synthetic crosshole radar data set was considered for 2D imaging of the subsurface radar velocity distribution by a hybrid approach based on sequential use of SA and a linearized smoothnessconstrained least-squares scheme, and DE algorithm was applied for a 3D inversion of a synthetically produced total field magnetic anomaly map. User-defined parameters required by each metaheuristic algorithm were determined by test studies considering the problems studied. Confidences in the results obtained by the metaheuristics were also examined by various uncertainty and statistical analyses. Since the metaheuristics used here produced satisfactory results for estimating the model parameters of a variety of the geophysical problems, it can be concluded that these algorithms can be applied to low-and relatively high-dimensional geophysical data

Model parameter estimations from residual gravity anomalies due to simple-shaped sources using Differential Evolution Algorithm

An efficient approach to estimate model parameters from residual gravity data based on differential evolution (DE), a stochastic vector-based metaheuristic algorithm, has been presented. We have showed the applicability and effectiveness of this algorithm on both synthetic and field anomalies. According to our knowledge, this is a first attempt of applying DE for the parameter estimations of residual gravity anomalies due to isolated causative sources embedded in the subsurface. The model parameters dealt with here are the amplitude coefficient (A), the depth and exact origin of causative source (zo and xo, respectively) and the shape factors (q and 17). The error energy maps generated for some parameter pairs have successfully revealed the nature of the parameter estimation problem under consideration. Noise-free and noisy synthetic single gravity anomalies have been evaluated with success via DE/best/1/bin, which is a widely used strategy in DE. Additionally some complicated gravity anomalies caused by inultiple source bodies have been considered, and the results obtained have showed the efficiency of the algorithm. Then using the strategy applied in synthetic examples some field anomalies observed for various mineral explorations such as a chromite deposit (Camaguey district, Cuba), a manganese deposit (Nagpur, India) and a base metal sulphide deposit (Quebec, Canada) have been considered to estimate the model parameters of the ore bodies. Applications have exhibited that the obtained results such as the depths and shapes of the ore bodies are quite consistent with those published in the literature. Uncertainty in the solutions obtained from DE algorithm has been also investigated by Metropolis-Hastings (M-H) sampling algorithm based on simulated annealing without cooling schedule. Based on the resulting histogram reconstructions of both synthetic and field data examples the algorithm has provided reliable parameter estimations being within the sampling limits of M-H sampler. Although it is not a common inversion technique in geophysics, it can be stated that DE algorithm is worth to get more interest for parameter estimations from potential field data in geophysics considering its good accuracy, less computational cost (in the present problem) and the fact that a well-constructed initial guess is not required to reach the global minimum. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved