The sedimentary legacy of a palaeo-ice stream on the shelf of the southern Bellingshausen Sea: Clues to West Antarctic glacial history during the Late Quaternary

A major trough ("Belgica Trough") eroded by a palaeo-ice stream crosses the continental shelf of the southern Bellingshausen Sea (West Antarctica) and is associated with a trough mouth fan ("Belgica TMF") on the adjacent continental slope. Previous marine geophysical and geological studies investigated the bathymetry and geomorphology of Belgica Trough and Belgica TMF, erosional and depositional processes associated with bedform formation, and the temporal and spatial changes in clay mineral provenance of subglacial and glaciomarine sediments. Here, we present multi-proxy data from sediment cores recovered from the shelf and uppermost slope in the southern Bellingshausen Sea and reconstruct the ice-sheet history since the last glacial maximum (LGM) in this poorly studied area of West Antarctica. We combined new data (physical properties, sedimentary structures, geochemical and grain-size data) with published data (shear strength, clay mineral assemblages) to refine a previous facies classification for the sediments. The multi-proxy approach allowed us to distinguish four main facies types and to assign them to the following depositional settings: 1) subglacial, 2) proximal grounding-line, 3) distal sub-ice shelf/sub-sea ice, and 4) seasonal open-marine. In the seasonal open-marine fades we found evidence for episodic current-induced winnowing of near-seabed sediments on the middle to outer shelf and at the uppermost slope during the late Holocene. In addition, we obtained data on excess Pb-210 activity at three core sites and 44 AMS C-14 dates from the acid-insoluble fraction of organic matter (AIO) and calcareous (micro-) fossils, respectively, at 12 sites. These chronological data enabled us to reconstruct, for the first time, the timing of the last advance and retreat of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet (APIS) in the southern Bellingshausen Sea. We used the down-core variability in sediment provenance inferred from clay mineral changes to identify the most reliable AIO C-14 ages for ice-sheet retreat. The palaeo-ice stream advanced through Belgica Trough after similar to 36.0 corrected C-14 ka before present (B.P.). It retreated from the outer shelf at similar to 25.5 ka B.P, the middle shelf at similar to 19.8 ka B.P., the inner shelf in Eltanin Bay at similar to 12.3 ka B.P., and the inner shelf in Ronne Entrance at similar to 6.3 ka B.P. The retreat of the WAIS and APIS occurred slowly and stepwise, and may still be in progress. This dynamical ice-sheet behaviour has to be taken into account for the interpretation of recent and the prediction of future mass-balance changes in the study area. The glacial history of the southern Bellingshausen Sea is unique when compared to other regions in West Antarctica, but some open questions regarding its chronology need to be addressed by future work. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Magnetic field experiment Pioneers 6, 7 and 8

Magnetometer systems on Pioneers 6, 7, and 8 to study interplanetary magnetic field

Modular detergents tailor the purification and structural analysis of membrane proteins including G-protein coupled receptors

Detergents enable the purification of membrane proteins and are indispensable reagents instructural biology. Even though a large variety of detergents have been developed in the lastcentury, the challenge remains to identify guidelines that allowfine-tuning of detergents forindividual applications in membrane protein research. Addressing this challenge, here weintroduce the family of oligoglycerol detergents (OGDs). Native mass spectrometry (MS)reveals that the modular OGD architecture offers the ability to control protein purificationand to preserve interactions with native membrane lipids during purification. In addition to abroad range of bacterial membrane proteins, OGDs also enable the purification and analysisof a functional G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Moreover, given the modular design ofthese detergents, we anticipatefine-tuning of their properties for specific applications instructural biology. Seen from a broader perspective, this represents a significant advance forthe investigation of membrane proteins and their interactions with lipids

5G and AI technology application in the AMTC learning factory

5G and AI (Artificial Intelligence) are changing industrial production and offer great potential for manufacturing enterprises. One of the effects resulting from the increasing quantity of production data is the increasing demands of transmission of large amounts of data, fast transmission speed, and rapid data analysis. However, merely relying on traditional communication technology and manual data processing does not lead to high transmission performance and low analysis time. It is essential to integrate 5G and AI technology to flexibly transmit large amounts of data and real-time data. To demonstrate the feasibility and potential of these two technologies, a concept was developed at the Advanced Manufacturing Technology Center (AMTC) at the Tongji University (Shanghai, China) and further implemented in the AMTC learning factory in cooperation with wbk of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (Karlsruhe, Germany) and Ruhr-University Bochum (Bochum, Germany). This paper presents the learning factory design in detail, describing the concept design, training environment and training phases in the AMTC learning factory. It is followed by a case study consisting of specific examples of 5G and AI, implemented in the AMTC learning factory. The importance of integrated 5G and AI applications is pointed out and discussed

Factors Affecting the Adoption of Faculty-Developed Academic Software: A Study of Five iCampus Projects

Instruction in higher education must adapt more rapidly to: changes in workforce needs, global issues, advances in disciplines, and resource constraints. The pace of such improvement depends on the speed with which new ideas and materials are adopted across institutions. In 1999 Microsoft pledged $25 million and staff support for iCampus, a seven-year MIT project to develop pioneering uses of educational technology. The TLT Group studied five iCampus projects in order to identify factors affecting institutionalization and widespread dissemination. Among the factors impeding adoption: lack of rewards and support for faculty to adopt innovations; faculty isolation; and a lack of attention to adoption issues among projects selected for funding. The study made recommendations for universities, foundations, government agencies and corporations: 1) continue making education more authentic, active, collaborative, and feedback-rich; 2) create demand to adopt ideas and materials from other sources by encouraging all faculty members to improve and document learning in their programs, year after year; 3) nurture coalitions for instructional improvement, across and within institutions; 4) create more effective higher education corporate alliances; and 5) improve institutional services to support faculty in educational design, software development, assessment methods, formative evaluation, and/or in sharing ideas with others who teach comparable courses

High energy gamma ray balloon instrument

The High Energy Gamma Ray Balloon Instrument was built in part to verify certain subsystems' performance for the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) instrument, the high energy telescope to be carried on the Gamma Ray Observatory. This paper describes the instrument, the performance of some subsystems, and some relevant results

Bacteriocin production by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional cheese

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a group of bacteria that are found as natural microbiota in various ecosystems. They are used ato producea huge variety of fermented foods, they occur in pharmaceutical formulations and as probiotics in functional foods. They can produce a number of antimicrobial metabolites, including organic acids and other organic components, hydrogen peroxide and bacteriocins. The aim of this study was the evaluation of antibacterial activity of LAB isolated during production and maturation of traditional Rugova cheese. Samples for analysis were collected from different points of Rugova region and were transported to the laboratory under constant cooling conditions. The bacterial isolation was performed using standard methods and the isolates of LAB were identified down to the species level using a Biotyper Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Out of 140 tested isolates 105 had the ability to produce bacteriocins. The large number of bacteriocin producers demonstrates the great assertiveness of the natural LAB microbiota over potentially existing pathogens. Thus, the ability of bacteriocin production by LAB isolated from Rugova cheese can be taken as a measure of quality and safety of this traditional product

SAS-B digitized spark chamber gamma ray telescope

Systems description of SAS-B gamma ray telescope with multilayer digitized spark chamber for gamma rays with energy exceeding 20 Me

Evaluation of the expansion of Mantis religiosa (L.) in Poland based on a questionnaire survey

Mantis religiosa (L.) is the only species of praying mantis in Poland. The main habitat where its occurrence is permanent and confirmed is the Sandomierska Basin (SE Poland). Numerous reports suggest a significant dispersion of these insects in Poland. Therefore, we decided to use and collect information to update the knowledge about the spread of the praying mantis in Poland. With the use of Google Maps, we created a map on which respondents were asked to select the location where they encountered a M. religiosa specimen in Poland in recent years (2013–2016). In total, we obtained 159 locations for the European mantis. These findings show the significant spread of this species in all directions from its main habitat in Sandomierska Basin. However, there is a need for more studies on this topic, especially to confirm the existence of reproductive populations in the provided locations and to confirm the existence of two different M. religiosa lineages in Poland