Seasonal changes of fatty acids in Nerita textilis on intertidal area of Chabahar Bay (Oman Sea)

The aim of this research was to identify and isolate the fatty acids composition of Nerita textiles in intertidal area of Chabahar Bay, and also to explore the seasonal changes of fatty acid content in Nerita textiles. GC/MS resulted thirteen fatty acids, that saturated fatty acids (SFA) of palmitic acid (16:0) was the most abundant category of fatty acid obtained in total lipids. There were no significant differences in total saturated fatty acids between different seasons. No significant differences were also observed in total unsaturated fatty acids between different seasons. The majority of unsaturated fatty acid reached their maximum levels during winter, while saturated acids reached their maximum levels in summer. Saturated acids were more than unsaturated fatty acids. Statistical analysis showed the positive significant correlation between temperature and saturated fatty acids and a negative significant correlation between temperature and unsaturated fatty acids. Biomarker fatty acids revealed that diet of Nerita textiles probably includes phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus, bacteria, diatoms, red and brown algae. The results showed that meat quality indicated n-6/n-3 ratio in the range of 1.9 to 4.3

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminants in black-lip (pearl) oyster Pinctada margaritifera from Kish Island (Persian Gulf)

Twenty-four Black-lip Oysters (Pinctada margaritifera ) were collected in summer (July) 2004 from six coastal locations in Kish Island (Persian Gulf) and were analyzed at the analytical laboratory of Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research at the University of Windsor according to the chemical analysis procedures which has been accredited by the Canadian Association for Environmental Analysis Laboratories (CAEAL). In order to obtain information on bioavailability of sixteen EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), concentration of 2 to 6-ring PAHs was determined for all samples with application of a gas chromatograph with a mass selective detector. Oysters from Big Coral site exhibited a wide range of total PAH concentration (1.07 to 77.66 ng/g wet weight). The lowest value (oysters from Foreigner’s Pelage) and highest values were 0.7 and 36.33 ng/g wet weight respectively. Comparison of the PAH concentrations in oysters with sediments collected from the same locations showed that the overall bioaccumulation has been performed through the movement of water-soluble lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs to the oysters in the studied area

Evaluation of lysosomal stability and red blood cell membrane fragility in mudskipper (Boleophthalmus dussumieri) as a biomarker of poly aromatic hydrocarbons

This research was carried out to study some physiological responses of mudskipper (i.e., Boleophthalmus dussumieri) as a biomarker Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Fish specimens were obtained 5 stations (Arvand, Jafari, Zangi, Samayeli, Bahrakan) along north western coast of the Persian Gulf (Khuzestan Coast). PAHs concentration was measured by HPLC method. Lysosomal membrane change was measured by NRR time method and stability of red blood cell membrane was evaluated by EOF test. Total PAH concentrations in the sediments and the liver tissue ranged between 113.50-3384.34 ng g-1dw, 3.99-46.64ng g-1 dw, respectively. Highest PAHs pollution was found at Jafari while the lowest was detected at Bahrakan, with significant between these 2 stations. Values of mean RT of the dye ranged from 34 (for the blood samples of mudskipper collected from Jafari site) to 78 minutes (for the blood samples of mudskipper collected from Bahrakan). Preliminary results showed a significant difference among stations except between Arvand and Zangi. Osmotic fragility curves indicated that erythrocytes collected from mudskippers at Jafari were the most fragile followed by Zangi> Arvand> Samayeli> and Bahrakan. The results suggest that lysosomal membrane change and red blood cell membrane stability in B. dussumieri could be extended as a biomarker of oil pollution in marine biomonitoring programs

Myocardial perfusion imaging using a technetium-99m Sestamibi in asymptomatic and low risk for coronary artery disease patients with diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate technetium-99m sestamibi single photon emission tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and its association with some clinical and laboratory parameters in an asymptomatic systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) population. Materials and Methods : Twenty-one subjects with SLE and no suspected or documented coronary artery disease (CAD) accomplished myocardial perfusion imaging. Some SLE and CAD parameters were also evaluated in association with myocardial SPECT. Results: Twenty-one women with a diagnosis of SLE (mean age 36.9 ± 12.8) entered the study. All patients were in the low-risk category for CAD pretest; however, abnormal myocardial perfusion results were found in eight (38%) patients. Amongst the traditional CAD risk factors, there was a significant association between the presence of dyslipidemia and myocardial perfusion abnormalities (P= 0.047). However, we found no significant association between other traditional and SLE-specific risk factors. Conclusion: This study's significant finding was that asymptomatic CAD is common in SLE patients, even in those thought to be low risk for CAD and in the absence of cardiac symptoms. © The Author(s) 2010

Chapter 6. Primary Production, Cycling of Nutrients, Surface Layer and Plankton.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminants in Black-lip (pearl) Oyster Pinctada margaritifera from Kish Island

Twenty-four Black-lip Oysters (Pinctada margaritifera ) were collected in summer (July) 2004 from six coastal locations in Kish Island (Persian Gulf) and were analyzed at the analytical laboratory of Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research at the University of Windsor according to the chemical analysis procedures which has been accredited by the Canadian Association for Environmental Analysis Laboratories (CAEAL). In order to obtain information on bioavailability of sixteen EPA priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), concentration of 2 to 6-ring PAHs was determined for all samples with application of a gas chromatograph with a mass selective detector. Oysters from Big Coral site exhibited a wide range of total PAH concentration (1.07 to 77.66 ng/g wet weight). The lowest value (oysters from Foreigner\u27s Pelage) and highest values were 0.7 and 36.33 ng/g wet weight respectively. Comparison of the PAH concentrations in oysters with sediments collected from the same locations showed that the overall bioaccumulation has been performed through the movement of water-soluble lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs to the oysters in the studied area

Chromosome preparation in fish : effects of fish species and larval age

To date, several protocols have been developed to achieve clear and identifiable metaphase chromosome spreads from larvae of a single fish species. However, the efficiency of these protocols in more than one fish species has barely been compared within a single study. This work investigated the dependency of chromosome preparation parameters including colchicine concentration (0.01, 0.025, 0.05 %) and exposure duration (3, 5 h), hypotonic solution (distilled water, 0.075 M KCl solution), and Giemsa stain solution concentration (6, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 14 %) and incubation period (15, 30, 45, and 60 min) to two species of fish, the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and the zebrafish (Danio rerio) at different larval ages (0, 2, and 4 days post-hatch, dph). Results indicated that larval age, colchicine concentration and/or incubation time, and/or the type of hypotonic solution varied with fish species while staining the chromosomes with 11 % Giemsa solution for 45 min can be maintained regardless of the species or larval age. Interestingly, employing the selected values from diploid C. gariepinus experiment to prepare metaphase chromosomes from larvae of their triploid siblings proved to be efficient.10 page(s

The effect of green tea extract supplementation on sputum smear conversion and weight changes in pulmonary TB patients: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Acceleration in sputum smear conversion helps faster improvement and decreased probability of the transfer of TB. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of green tea extract supplementation on sputum smear conversion and weight changes in smear positive pulmonary TB patients in Iran. Methods: In this double blind clinical study, TB patients were divided into intervention, (n = 43) receiving 500 mg green tea extract (GTE), and control groups (n = 40) receiving placebo for two months, using balanced randomization. Random allocation and allocation concealment were observed. Height and weight were measured at the beginning, and two and six months post-treatment. Evaluations were performed on three slides, using the ZiehlNeelsen method. Independent and paired t test, McNemar's, Wilcoxon, Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression model and Log-Rank test were utilized. Statistical significance was set at p 0.05). In terms of shortening the duration of conversion, the case to control proportion showed a significant difference (p = 0.032). Based on the Cox regression model, the hazard ratio of the relative risk of delay in sputum smear conversion was 3.7 (p = 0.002) in the higher microbial load group compared to the placebo group and 0.54 (95 CI: 0.31-0.94) in the intervention compared to the placebo group. Conclusion: GTE decreases the risk of delay in sputum smear conversion, but has no effect on weight gain. Moreover, it may be used as an adjuvant therapy for faster rehabilitation for pulmonary TB patients

Changes in nutritional values induced by butachlor in juvenile diploid and triploid Clarias gariepinus

© 2017, Islamic Azad University (IAU). There is a paucity of information about the effects of environmental stressors on nutritional values in fish. This study investigated the effects of the organochlorine pesticide, butachlor, on key indicators of nutritional value in both diploid and triploid African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Amino acids (AA), fatty acids (FA), and the proximate composition (protein, lipid, moisture, and ash content) in the white muscle of full-sibling juvenile fish were measured following a 21-day exposure to graded butachlor concentrations [mean measured: 26.3, 48.4, and 66.1 µg/L]. No significant differences in AAs, FAs, protein, lipid, moisture, or ash content were observed between unexposed diploid and triploid fish. In diploids, exposure to butachlor significantly altered the concentrations of some of the AAs and FAs, and protein content, when compared to the control group. In triploid fish, however, butachlor treatments had no effect on the AA or proximate composition, but significantly changed the concentration of two individual FAs in the muscle. Butachlor treatments showed fewer changes in the nutritional values of triploid fish. This research is the first to study the nutritional values in any polyploid animals following the exposure to a contaminant