Design of Sanitary Disposal of Poultry Manure

The physical and biological characteristics of the chicken manure from the University of Nigeria Poultry Farm are presented. Different methods of manure processing and disposal are reviewed. Stabilisation ponds are recommended as the most convenient and economical way of destroying poultry wastes. A design of a pond system for the Eastern Nigerian environment is presented

Variations in the Statistical Measures of Mean Rainfall

Rainfall records are required for planning and development of water resources projects. Long term averages of rainfall are often needed. Decisions often have to be made with short term records, as long term rainfall records are not available for most parts of Nigeria. This study describes variations in some statistical measures as compared with their long term values. Records of 25 years will give estimates of mean rainfall within 4% of their long term values

Effect of Information Technology on Organizational Agility and Productivity in Telecommunication Industry of Libya

Considering that productivity has a critical effect on the economic development of a country, it is regarded as the basis upon which an economy\u27s prosperity is hinged, which in turn affects national growth. Economic growth is also hinged on information technology as a veritable resource for companies and organization for their processes. Despite several studies on the impact of information technology investment as it relates to organization growth, it still remains a debate if IT investments has a significant effect on better productivity and business efficiencies. Libya is a country where the IT`s potential is limited in terms of reach and USAge, as data shows that amongst the MENA regional countries, Libya has the least internet penetration rate only behind Algeria, Iraq and Yemen. This study investigates the effect of information technology on the productivity and organizational agility of telecommunication companies in Libya. The study took a survey of sample size of 364 respondents from telecommunication industries in Libya, using a four-point experience scale (4-Excellent). The questionnaires were divided into three parts, with each section highlighting the IT incorporation in the companies based on companies\u27 IT infrastructures and Personnel USAge, the organization productivity in terms of market profits and lead, and the organization agility. Results show that the effect of information technology on organizational agility is quite significant. The study goes to show that the competitiveness of the telecommunication industry in Libya is heavily hinged on the growth and integration of Information technology

Stratification in Waste Stabilization Ponds I: Effects on Pond Parameters

Stratification studies were carried out on the waste stabilization pond system at the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Analysis of the samples collected with a water column sampler at 5cm and 0.1m apart showed some stratification of temperature, algae, pH, dissolved oxygen, coliform bacteria, chemical oxygen demand and nutrients. Coliform-bacteria numbers were lowest at positions in the water column where pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen and algae were high. The distribution and variation of both the physiochemical and biological characteristics inside the water body were found to be influenced by thermal stratification. Maximum temperature, DO and pH was observed at the surface layer. The vertical distribution of BOD5, COD, Coliform bacteria, phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen showed maximum concentration at the bottom layer

Influence of Off-Take Angles on Flow Distribution Pattern at Concave Channel Bifurcation

A physical model with meandering features was constructed and used to investigate the effect of off-take angles on the flow distribution at a concave channel bifurcation. Seven different off-take angles with varied main channel flow rates were used for the study. Predicting equations for the off-take discharge dependent on the off-take angles, main channel discharges, dispersion coefficients and Reynolds numbers were developed and calibrated statistically. Results of the study and predicting equations showed that the off-take discharge increased positively with increases in off-take angles as well as main channel discharges. The developed empirical predicting equations for the off-take discharge gave correlation coefficient values of 9.9974E-1 for both model equations with corresponding standard errors of 9.754E-5 and 9.42E-5, respectively. It was observed that the predicted off-take discharge values from the model equations compared closely with those of the study suggesting that off-take discharges for concave channel bifurcations could be fairly predicted with the established model equations

Determinants of prostate specific antigen screening test uptake in an urban community in North-Central Nigeria

Background: Despite the increasing incidence of Prostate cancer, there has not been any focused screening policy or strategy in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria.Objectives: To assess the level of awareness and uptake of PSA screening test and their determinants in a Nigerian community.Methods: A cross-sectional population survey of men with no prior history of prostate cancer was carried out. Logistic re- gression analysis was used to determine the effect of identified variables in predicting awareness and uptake of prostate cancer screening.Results: Mean age was 51.5±9.8 years; a few men (31, 16.9%) had ever heard of the screening test and most got the information from health centers. A low proportion (8, 4.4%) had taken the screening test. Men with incomes above poverty line (OR = 11.7 2.8–50.1, p = .001) or those with health insurance (OR = 2.7 1.2–6.5, p = .023) were significantly more likely to be aware of the test. Only the men with higher incomes (OR = 25.6 5.8–114.2, p = .0001) were significantly more likely to have taken the test.Conclusion: Higher incomes and health insurance status impact screening awareness but only income status determines if men subsequently proceed to take the PSA screening test.Keywords: Prostate cancer; PSA screening; sub-Saharan Africa; Nigeria

Emergence of New-Delhi Metallo-Betalactamase-1 and Oxacillinase-48 Positive Escherichia coli in South-Eastern Nigeria

Objective: The spread of carbapenemase‑producing Enterobacteriaceae is a global challenge that leads to an increase in health-carecost, treatment failures, high morbidity, and mortality. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of New‑Delhi MetalloBeta‑Lactamase (NDM), and oxacillinase‑48 (OXA‑48) genes in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli obtained from a tertiary hospital in Nnewi, South‑eastern, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: E. coli isolated from several clinical specimens including blood, urine, and wound swabs from patients receiving care at the hospital, were screened for resistance to meropenem and ertapenem antibiotics (Oxoid, UK) by the Kirby–Bauerdisk‑diffusion method. All isolates, which showed reduced sensitivity to the tested antibiotics, were then subjected to phenotypic confirmation of carbapenemase production using the Modified Hodge test. The NDM and OXA‑48 genes were then detected using the polymerase chain reaction techniques. Results: Of the 187 E. coli isolates, 41 (21.9%) screened positive as suspected carbapenemase producers, while the prevalence of carbapenemase‑producing E. coli in this study was 21/187 (11.23%). The prevalence of NDM and OXA‑48 genes in the entire sample population was 3/187 (1.6%) and 12/187 (6.4%), respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained showed that NDM and OXA‑48 carbapenemase‑mediated resistance occurred in the study location. Hence, a reinforcement of infection prevention and control practices in the hospital will be required to curb the propagation of these resistant organisms. Keywords: Beta‑lactamase, carbapenemase, New‑Delhi, Nigeria, oxacillinas