10 research outputs found
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π°
Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»Ρ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΡ) ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Γ³ΠΉ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΎ, ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ. ΠΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΌΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π°, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π°ΡΠ³ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ n=3+4l, lβN0. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠΎ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Multisim. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠΉ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ (Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π°). ΠΠ½ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅. Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° Π₯ΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½Π³Π° Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² nβ 3+4l, lβN0, Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ M=2Β Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΡΠ°
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ.
ΠΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ β ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»Π° Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ
Green Technologies for Management on Railroad Transportation
Technique and technology development allows us to discuss the possibility of crucial changes into a conservative way of railroad transportation management. One of the options regarding the train control system is aimed at denial of the classic approach being connected with the implementation of a traditional automation kit. The authors of this article are being presented with the conception of a green IT railroad rolling stock control system called Green Interlocking. The above approach helps us rely on effective inexhaustible energy sources and modern know-how of data processing plus important technologies management
ΠΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ M=4
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π±ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°.
ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ M=4. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ Π² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»Ρ M=4 Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌ (ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ). ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Π΅ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
The management of acute myocardial infarction in the Russian Federation: Protocol for a study of patient pathways [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
Source at https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12478.2. Background: Death rates from cardiovascular disease in Russia are among the highest in the world. In recent years, the Russian government has invested substantially in the healthcare system, with a particular focus on improving access to advanced technology, especially for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This protocol describes a study to understand the management of AMI in different Russian regions, investigating the role of patient, clinical, and health system characteristics.
Methods: A prospective observational study has recruited a representative sample of AMI patients within 16 hospitals from 13 regions across Russia. Criteria for inclusion are being aged 35-70 years with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI and surviving until the day after admission. Information being collected includes health system contacts and features of clinical management prior to the event and in the 12 months following discharge from hospital. Following initial exploration of the data to generate hypotheses, multivariate analyses will be applied to assess the role of these characteristics in both treatment decisions and any delays in time critical interventions. Between June 2015 and August 2016, 1,122 patients have been recruited at baseline and follow-up to 12 months post-discharge is scheduled to be completed by autumn 2017. The study is unique in examining patient factors, clinical management prior to admission and in hospital in the acute phase and throughout the critical first year of recovery across a diverse range of geographies and facilities. It uses standardized instruments to collect data from patients and health care providers and includes regions that are diverse in terms of geography and development of cardiology capacity. However, given the limited health services research capacity in the Russian Federation, it was not possible to obtain a sample that was truly nationally representative
The Analytic Solutions to the Task of Maintaining the Specified Characteristics Stability in Aircraft Flight Control System Reconfiguration
The paper sets out the conceptual issues of methods of analytical solution of the problem of defined aircraft stability characteristics conservation during flight control system reconfiguration under actuating subsystem failure. It is shown that the use of the reconfiguration technique with analytic set of stabilizing control laws synthesized by the decomposition method taking into account the cross-linking between the control channels allows to fully compensate the effects of failures of the actuating subsystem in each of the control channels under the conditions of complete controllability of aircraft as a dynamic system. It thus makes it possible to reconfigure the flight control system that always ensures the stability of the motion of the aircraft with a precisely prescribed poles. During study of failures in the form of a gradual reduction of the effectiveness of control surfaces it found that the synthesized analytical control law is a corresponding automatic increase feedback gain serviceable channel actuating subsystem, as well as the reallocation of control signals between the drives within the existing cross-connections between the control channels. Some of the solutions obtained by reconfiguring the control laws are not satisfactory, because of significantly limited possibility of maneuvering
Green Technologies for Management on Railroad Transportation
Technique and technology development allows us to discuss the possibility of crucial changes into a conservative way of railroad transportation management. One of the options regarding the train control system is aimed at denial of the classic approach being connected with the implementation of a traditional automation kit. The authors of this article are being presented with the conception of a green IT railroad rolling stock control system called Green Interlocking. The above approach helps us rely on effective inexhaustible energy sources and modern know-how of data processing plus important technologies management
Hospital stage of myocardial infarction treatment in 13 regions of Russian Federation by results of the international research
Aim: To describe the characteristics of the patient with MI who is admitted to a hospital and to characterize the main diagnostic and treatment interventions in clinic.
Material and methods: This study is observational and the part of big international project. It includes a representative sample of patients with MI admitted to 16 clinics in 13 regions of Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk region, Belgorod region, Bryansk region, Tver region, Saratov region, Rostov region, Samara region, the Republic of Tatarstan, Perm region, Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous district, Kemerovo region, Altai region). Patients were selected at random from among those experiencing a MI that were alive on the next morning after hospitalization. Enrollment took
place from June 2015 to August 2016.
Results: Of 1,128 patients included in the study, 872 were male (77.3%) and 256 females. 21.4% of patients had a previous MI, 8.3% had undergone PCI, and 2.2% CABG. Turning to cardiovascular risk factors, 46.2% of patients smoked prior to hospitalization, 34.6% were obese and 52.1% had a high cholesterol level. Only 40.0% of patients had no contact with the health care system within 12 months before the MI. Every fourth patient (25.1%) had undergone dispensarisation within 12 months before MI, women significantly often than men (33.5% and 22.6%, p<0.001). Initial revascularization was performed in 73.2% of patients, PCI was the initial revascularization attempt in 49.4% of patients, and PCI with stenting
in 46.7%.
Conclusion: Patient with a MI in Russian clinics is likely to have had a history of cardiovascular disease, and to have regular contact with the health care system within 12 months before the development of cardiovascular event. We demonstrated the high rates of appropriate MI treatment, without significant gender and age difference (except for thrombolysis), however, there is a reserve for increasing the proportion of patients who are undergoing
revascularization.<p
Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes
Abstract We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates. In an external replication, proteins and lipids are associated with diabetes incidence and prevalence. NogoR/RTN4R injection improved glucose tolerance in high fat-fed male mice but impaired it in male db/db mice. High NogoR levels led to islet cell apoptosis, and IL-18R antagonised inflammatory IL-18 signalling towards nuclear factor kappa-B in vitro. This comprehensive, multi-disciplinary approach thus identifies biomarkers with potential prognostic utility, provides evidence for possible disease mechanisms, and identifies potential therapeutic avenues to slow diabetes progression