Edward Dickinson Baker\u27s Signature

This signature of Edward Dickinson Baker is clipped from a larger page and Illinois is written beneath it. Baker served in the U. S House of Representatives for Illinois and as a U. S. Senator for Oregon. Baker also served as a U. S. Army colonel during the American Civil War.https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/fvw-manuscripts-original-manuscripts/1224/thumbnail.jp

Hermeneutic experience and intersubjectivity in schools : on the way toward meaning

This study reflects the ontological significance of research itself. As a linguistic expression of the researcher's participation in an ongoing search for a greater understanding of intersubjectivity in schools, the study affirms the conditioned nature of being-ness that affects all efforts to interpret human experience. Hans-Georg Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics is the model of interpretive theory used in the study. This model represents a speculative ontology that is open to the preunderstandings or prejudices of the interpreter/researcher who is pursuing an understanding of a text, an "other," or any subject matter. The researcher's self-reflective search for the underlying prejudgments that influence the research is a significant characteristic of the study. The openness of the study informs the possibility of finding meaning that is conditioned by the interpreter's historical experience and linguistic relationships

Pulse wave velocity and carotid atherosclerosis in White and Latino patients with hypertension

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Preventive cardiology has expanded beyond coronary heart disease towards prevention of a broader spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. Ethnic minorities are at proportionately greater risk for developing extracoronary vascular disease including heart failure and cerebrovascular disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We performed a cross sectional study of Latino and White hypertension patients in a safety-net healthcare system. Framingham risk factors, markers of inflammation (hsCRP, LPpLA2), arterial stiffness (Pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and central aortic pressure), and endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation) were measured. Univariate and multivariable associations between these parameters and an index of extracoronary atherosclerosis (carotid intima media thickness) was performed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among 177 subjects, mean age was 62 years, 67% were female, and 67% were Latino. In univariate analysis, markers associated with carotid intima media thickness (IMT) at p < 0.25 included pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), central aortic pressure (cAP), and LpPLA₂activity rank. However, AIx, cAP, and LpPLA2 activity were not significantly associated with carotid IMT after adjusting for Framingham risk factors (all p > .10). Only PWV retained a significant association with carotid IMT independent of the Framingham general risk profile parameters (p = .016). No statistically significant interactions between Framingham and other independent variables with ethnicity (all p > .05) were observed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this safety net cohort, PWV is a potentially useful adjunctive atherosclerotic risk marker independent of traditional risk factors and irrespective of ethnicity.</p

Rest-Frame UV-Optical Selected Galaxies at 2.3 ≾ z ≾ 3.5: Searching for Dusty Star-forming and Passively Evolving Galaxies

A new set of color selection criteria (VJL) analogous with the BzK method is designed to select both star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and passively evolving galaxies (PEGs) at 2.3 ≾ z ≾ 3.5 by using rest-frame UV-optical (V – J versus J – L) colors. The criteria are thoroughly tested with theoretical stellar population synthesis models and real galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts to evaluate their efficiency and contamination. We apply the well-tested VJL criteria to the HST/WFC3 Early Release Science field and study the physical properties of selected galaxies. The redshift distribution of selected SFGs peaks at z ~ 2.7, slightly lower than that of Lyman break galaxies at z ~ 3. Comparing the observed mid-infrared fluxes of selected galaxies with the prediction of pure stellar emission, we find that our VJL method is effective at selecting massive dusty SFGs that are missed by the Lyman break technique. About half of the star formation in massive (M_(star) > 10^(10) M_☉) galaxies at 2.3 ≾ z ≾ 3.5 is contributed by dusty (extinction E(B – V) > 0.4) SFGs, which, however, only account for ~20% of the number density of massive SFGs. We also use the mid-infrared fluxes to clean our PEG sample and find that galaxy size can be used as a secondary criterion to effectively eliminate the contamination of dusty SFGs. The redshift distribution of the cleaned PEG sample peaks at z ~ 2.5. We find six PEG candidates at z > 3 and discuss possible methods to distinguish them from dusty contamination. We conclude that at least part of our candidates are real PEGs at z ~ 3, implying that these types of galaxies began to form their stars at z ≳ 5. We measure the integrated stellar mass density (ISMD) of PEGs at z ~ 2.5 and set constraints on it at z > 3. We find that the ISMD grows by at least about a factor of 10 in 1 Gyr at 3 < z <5 and by another factor of 10 in the next 3.5 Gyr (1 < z < 3)

The evolution of the specific star formation rate of massive galaxies to z ~ 1.8 in the E-CDFS

We study the evolution of the star formation rate (SFR) of mid-infrared (IR) selected galaxies in the extended Chandra Deep Field South (E-CDFS). We use a combination of U-K GaBoDS and MUSYC data, deep IRAC observations from SIMPLE, and deep MIPS data from FIDEL. This unique multi-wavelength data set allows us to investigate the SFR history of massive galaxies out to redshift z ~ 1.8. We determine star formation rates using both the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity from young, hot stars and the total IR luminosity of obscured star formation obtained from the MIPS 24 um flux. We find that at all redshifts the galaxies with higher masses have substantially lower specific star formation rates than lower mass galaxies. The average specific star formation rates increase with redshift, and the rate of incline is similar for all galaxies (roughly (1+z)^{n}, n = 5.0 +/- 0.4). It does not seem to be a strong function of galaxy mass. Using a subsample of galaxies with masses M_*> 10^11 M_sun, we measured the fraction of galaxies whose star formation is quenched. We consider a galaxy to be in quiescent mode when its specific star formation rate does not exceed 1/(3 x t_H), where t_H is the Hubble time. The fraction of quiescent galaxies defined as such decreases with redshift out to z ~ 1.8. We find that, at that redshift, 19 +/-9 % of the M_* > 10^11 M_sun sources would be considered quiescent according to our criterion.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

IR Background Anisotropies in Spitzer GOODS images and constraints on first galaxies

We describe the angular power spectrum of unresolved 3.6 micron IR light in Spitzer GOODS fields. The amplitude of the anisotropy spectrum decreases with decreasing flux threshold to which resolved sources are removed from images. When all pixels brighter than a Vega magnitude of 24.6 are removed, the amplitude of the power spectrum at arcminute angular scales can be described with an extra component of z>8 sources with a IRB contribution around 0.4 nW m^-2 sr-1. The shape of the power spectrum, however, is more consistent with that expected for unresolved, faint galaxies at lower redshifts with Vega magnitudes fainter than 23 with a total 3.6 micron intensity between 0.1 to 0.8 nW m^-2 sr^-1. We confirm this assumption by showing that large-scale power decreases rapidly when the unresolved clustering spectrum is measured from a processed HDF-N IRAC image where locations of faint ACS sources with no IR counterparts were also masked. Based on resolved counts and unresolved fluctuations, we find that, at most, about 7.0 nW m^-2 sr^-1 can be ascribed to galaxies.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; for additional information see astro-ph/0609451 ; data products are available at http://www.cooray.org/spitzer.htm