Efecto antiinflamatorio de la melatonina en el músculo cardiaco de ratas sometidas a ejercicio físico agudo

176 p.El presente trabajo se diseñó con el fin de establecer los posibles efectos de un protocolo de ejercicio agudo sobre diversos mediadores de la inflamación en el músculo cardíaco de animales sedentarios, así como establecer los posibles beneficios de la administración de melatonina. Los objetivos específicos planteados son los siguientes: 1. Estudiar el efecto de un protocolo agudo de ejercicio sobre algunos marcadores de daño muscular (CK, CK-MB y MPO), la expresión de diferentes citoquinas pro-inflamatorias (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α), mediadores del proceso inflamatorio (iNOS, COX-2) y moleculas de adhesion (ICAM-1) en el músculo cardíaco. 2. Investigar la acción de la melatonina sobre los cambios en la expresión de los diferentes marcadores de inflamación inducidos por el ejercicio agudo. 3. Analizar si el posible efecto antiinflamatorio beneficioso de la melatonina en tejido miocárdico esta relacionado con una inhibición de la vía de señalización mediada por NF-k

Manutenção dos efeitos do treinamento de caminhada no desempenho da marcha em sobreviventes de acidente vascular encefálico: uma revisão sistemática

Introdução e Objetivo: Avaliar as informações disponíveis na literatura sobre a manutenção dos efeitos do treinamento de caminhada no desempenho da marcha em sobreviventes de AVE. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática, realizada de acordo com a metodologia de itens de relatório preferidos para revisões sistemáticas e metanálises (PRISMA) e foi utilizada a estratégia PICO. As buscas foram realizadas em setembro de 2019 e atualizadas em setembro de 2021, sem artigos elegíveis adicionais. Resultados: A partir da busca inicial e análise de elegibilidade, apenas oito artigos foram incluídos. Treino em esteira e caminhada no solo foram as principais intervenções. O tempo de realização dos testes para avaliar a manutenção dos efeitos variou de quatro a 24 semanas. Cinco estudos encontraram a manutenção dos efeitos. Conclusão: A manutenção dos efeitos do treinamento de caminhada em sobreviventes de AVE parece ser influenciada pela duração da intervenção, e as variáveis mantidas com maior recorrência foram a velocidade, distância percorrida e comprimento da passada

Associação entre consumo alimentar e composição corporal de futebolistas ludovicenses

Introduction: Football is a sport that favors the improvement of physical conditioning, maintenance of performance and health of individuals, so this study aimed to evaluate the association between body composition and factors such as food consumption at resting metabolic rate and the position occupied by athletes from a football team from Maranhão. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 23 players, in a competitive period, distributed in the positions of striker, goalkeeper, side, midfielder, midfielder and defender. Body composition was obtained through the measurement of skin folds and food consumption through a 24-hour recall. Indirect calorimetry was also performed in the form of a closed circuit, with the calorimeter. Student's t test was performed to reject the null hypothesis, considering p <0.05 as a statistically significant value. Results: The fat percentage of the players was not influenced by the position occupied on the field. The higher consumption of energy and protein was associated with the lower percentage of body fat. Among macronutrients, only the consumption of carbohydrate and saturated fat were within the parameters, the protein was low and the total fat below the recommendation. As for micronutrients, only the average consumption of iron was adequate. Conclusion: The percentage of body fat was influenced only by total caloric and protein consumption. Only carbohydrate, saturated fat and iron were within the established parameters. Athletes who were overweight, according to the BMI, had more fat-free mass.Introdução: O futebol é um esporte que favorece aprimoramento do condicionamento físico, manutenção da performance e saúde dos indivíduos, logo este trabalho objetivou avaliar a associação entre composição corporal e fatores como o consumo alimentar à taxa metabólica em repouso e a posição ocupada pelos atletas de um time de futebol do Maranhão. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 23 jogadores, em período competitivo, distribuídos nas posições de atacante, goleiro, lateral, meia, volante e zagueiro. A composição corporal foi obtida através da aferição das dobras cutâneas e o consumo alimentar através de um Recordatório de 24 horas. Realizou-se também a calorimetria indireta na forma de circuito fechado, com o calorímetro. Foi realizado o teste t student para rejeitar a hipótese nula, considerando p<0,05 como valor estatisticamente significante. Resultados: O percentual de gordura dos jogadores não sofreu influência da posição ocupada em campo. O maior consumo de energia e proteína esteve associado ao menor percentual de gordura corporal. Dentre os macronutrientes, somente o consumo de carboidrato e de gordura saturada estiveram dentro dos parâmetros, a proteína esteve pouco elevada e a gordura total abaixo da recomendação. Quanto aos micronutrientes, apenas a média do consumo de ferro esteve adequado. Conclusão: O percentual de gordura corporal sofreu influência apenas do consumo calórico total e proteico. Somente o carboidrato, a gordura saturada e o ferro estiveram dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos. Os atletas que apresentaram excesso de peso, segundo o IMC, possuíam mais massa livre de gordura

Relação entre circunferência abdominal e pressão arterial sistólica em policiais militares do estado do Maranhão

Obesity is a non-communicable, complex and multifactorial chronic disease whose main characteristic is the excessive accumulation of fat, increasing the abdominal circumference (WC). The aim of this study was to analyze whether WC is directly related to the increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) in military police (PM) during the operational period. The sample consisted of 415 female and male police officers. Through the physical evaluation, the body mass (kg); height (m); SBP (mmHg) and WC (cm). For data analysis, the sample was stratified into less or more than 60 months (5 years) of military service time (TTM), using Pearson's Correlation to verify the relationship between WC and SBP, with values ​​presented by mean and standard deviation. With TTM less than 60 months, there were 249 police officers aged = 29.95±4.49 years, TTM = 30.79±18.92 months, WC=90.68±9.59 cm and SBP 130.102±15.12 mmHg. With TTM greater than 60 months, there were 166 police officers aged = 44.08±6.99 years, TTM=257.95±93.86 months, WC=97.29±10.16 cm and SBP=133.97± 18.40 mmHg. There was a moderate and significant correlation between WC and PAS for officers with less than five years in the position (r=0.30; p<0.01) and low and significant for officers with more than five years in the position (r=0.27; p<0.01). The WC value does not seem to be an indication that explains the SBP variation in this population and context, suggesting that other factors are more important in this variation.A obesidade é uma doença crônica não transmissível, complexa e multifatorial que tem como característica principal o acúmulo excessivo de gordura, aumentando a circunferência abdominal (CA). O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar se a CA está diretamente relacionada ao aumento da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) em policiais militares (PM). A amostra foi de 415 policiais dos sexos feminino e masculino. Através da avaliação física foram mensuradas a massa corporal (kg); estatura (m); PAS (mmHg) e CA (cm). Para análise dos dados houve a estratificação da amostra em menos ou mais que 60 meses (5 anos) de tempo de trabalho militar (TTM), utilizando-se da Correlação de Pearson para verificar a relação entre a CA e PAS, com valores apresentados por média e desvio padrão. Com TTM menor que 60 meses foram 249 policiais com idade = 29,95±4,49 anos, TTM=30,79±18,92 meses, CA = 90,68±9,59 cm e PAS 130,102±15,12 mmHg. Com TTM maior que 60 meses, foram 166 policiais com idade = 44,08±6,99 anos, TTM = 257,95±93,86 meses, CA=97,29±10,16 cm e PAS=133,97±18,40 mmHg. Houve correlação moderada e significativa entre CA e PAS para policiais com menos de cinco anos no cargo (r=0,30; p<0,01) e baixa e significativa para policiais com mais de cinco anos no cargo (r=0,27; p<0,01). O valor da CA não parece um indicativo que explique a variação da PAS nessa população e contexto, sugerindo que outros fatores tenham maior importância nesta variação

ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE-I/D) POLYMORPHISM FREQUENCY IN BRAZILIAN SOCCER PLAYERS

This study aimed to analyze the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-I/D) allelic and genotypic frequencies in Brazilian soccer players of different age. The study group comprised 353 players from first-division clubs in the U-14, U-15, U-17, U-20, and professional (PRO) categories. The allelic and genotypic frequencies did not differ significantly in any of the categories between the group of players and the control group. This was the first study of ACE-I/D polymorphism in Brazilian soccer players.The accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

<b>Assessment of acute physiological demand for soccer</b>

Soccer is a sport practiced worldwide, on all continents. It is considered an intermittent activity of high intensity and long duration, in which movements that require great strength and speed, such as jumps and sprints, result in high levels of muscle microtrauma, hampering athletes’ training and recovery. The present study aimed to evaluate the magnitude of changes in different markers of physiological demand resulting from a soccer match in healthy individuals. Ten healthy male physical education students participated in the study and were evaluated in two matches: the semi-final and final games of the college tournament at the federal university where they studied. Blood samples were collected from each volunteer pre- and post-match. Cortisol, IL-6 and CK concentrations were increased after the match (p < 0.05). Testosterone and alpha-actin concentrations did not change. Our results indicate that changes in some of the acute response markers evaluated in players before and after competitive soccer matches provide important information for planning training or recovery, as well as nutritional strategies for improving performance

Controle do esforço através da frequência cardíaca em uma prova de montain bike tipo cross-country

O objetivo deste estudo foi controlar a carga e a intensidade de trabalho durante uma corrida de Mountain Bike, tipo Cross-country, utilizando para isso, a freqüência cardíaca. Seis atletas ciclistas homens participaram do estudo. A capacidade aeróbia máxima, o limiar de lactato (LT) e acúmulo de lactato de 4 mMol (OBLA4) foram medidos, para determinar as três zonas de esforço: zona abaixo do limiar anaeróbio (abaixo de LT), zona de limiar anaeróbio (entre o LT e OBLA4) e zona acima do limiar anaeróbio (acima de OBLA4). A carga de trabalho foi controlada durante a corrida através da resposta da freqüência cardíaca, e os dados foram transferidos para o computador, para posterior análise. Os atletas percorreram cinco voltas em um circuito fechado de 6700m, totalizando 33,5 Km. Os atletas permaneceram na zona abaixo do limiar por 8,24% do total de tempo da prova, na zona do limiar por 36,64% e na zona acima do limiar por 55,12% do tempo total. Concluiu-se que a corrida de mountain bike tipo Cross-country é de alta intensidade, pois os atletas permaneceram mais de 80% do tempo total nas zonas de limiar anaeróbio e acima do limiar anaeróbio, necessitando, portanto, de componentes anaeróbios no treinamento anaeróbio para suportar tal esforço

The alpha-actinin-3 R577X polymorphism and physical performance in soccer players.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between AC TN3 genotype (RR , RX, and XX) and physical performance of 138 adult, professional, U-20 and U-17 years Brazilian first-division soccer players. METHODS: The following three parameters were investigated: first, speed, using a 30-meter sprint test with speed measured at 10 meters, 20 meters, and 30 meters; second, muscular strength, using counter-movement-jump and squat jump tests; and third, aerobic endurance using the Yo-Yo endurance test. The athletes were ranked in ascending order according to their performance in each test. after which they were divided into quartiles and clustered according to genotype and allele frequency. The ?2 was used to compare the genotype frequencies (RR , RX and RR ) and allele frequencies (R and X) within and between the different quartiles of performance rating. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in genotypic or allelic frequencies between different performance ratings. The AC TN3 genotype was not associated to any of the physical performance parameters. CONCLUSION: This information should be noted with care, because, besides physical capacity, there are other factors, like tactical knowledge, that interfere with performance in sport, considering that expertise is multifactorial

Alpha-actinin-3 R577X polymorphism influences muscle damage and hormonal responses after a soccer game.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate indicators of muscle damage and hormonal responses after soccer matches and its relation to alpha-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene expression (XX vs. RR/RX), considering that the R allele produces alpha-actinin-3 and provides greater muscle strength and power. Thirty players (10 XX and 20 RR/RX) younger than 16 years were evaluated in this study. Blood samples were collected immediately before, after, 2, and 4 hours after the games to assess muscle damage (creatine kinase [CK] and alpha-actin) and hormonal responses (interleukin-6 [IL-6], cortisol, and testosterone). Postgame CK was higher as compared to the pregame values in both groups and it was also higher in the RR/ RX (p , 0.05) than in the XX. The concentrations of alpha-actin and IL-6 were similar for both groups and did not change over time. Testosterone was increased after the game only in the RR/ RX group (p , 0.05). Cortisol concentrations in group RR/RX were higher immediately after the game than before the game, and 2 and 4 hours after the game the concentration decreased (p , 0.05). The RR and RX individuals presented higher markers of muscle microtrauma and hormonal stress, probably because they performed more speed and power actions during the game, which is a self-regulated activity. From the different responses presented by RR/RX and XX genotypes, we conclude that the genotypic profile should be taken into account when planning training workloads and recovery of athlete