EFECTO DE IRRADIACIÓN CON RAYOS GAMMA DE 60Co EN GLADIOLO (Gladiolus communis L.) VARIEDAD ROJA Y BLANCA BORREGA

Se evaluó la estimulación ejercida por 10 dosis de irradiación con Co60 en dos variedades de gladiolo.Irradiation is a widely used physical agent in the treatment of seeds and other crop vegetative materials to induce mutations. Irradiation with 60Co is one of the alternatives for generating mutations, which is a genetic improvement process that is used to create new floral varieties through mutagenic changes. The effect of a mutation in ornamentals is very visible, and changes in flower shape, color, and size are the main indicators of mutation or presence of chimeras as a result of that process. In gladiolus (Gladiolus communis L.) there is no genetic material available which has a degree of resistance to the variety of pests that damage it. Given this situation, it is necessary to generate new varieties with desirable phenotypic characteristics and some degree of resistance. One possible alternative for inducing variability and improvement is the use of ionizing radiation. Therefore, a test was carried out on the Agricultural Sciences Faculty, “El Cerrillo” campus, to evaluate the effects of levels of radiation between 10 and 100 Gy using 60Co in the roja borrega and blanca borrega varieties of gladiolus to determine its effects on phenotypic characteristics (days to bloom, plant height días, greenness, and stalk thickness). The results show that treatment with 30 Gy (T3) stimulated the expression of the different phenotypic characteristics (plant height, stalk thickness, and greenness) above the control treatment in both varieties evaluated. This result was corroborated with a Grow reduction analysis. T3 (30 Gy) was found to be the best dose to stimulate growth and development above control levels, but in the blanca borrega variety, the greatest stimulation was of greenness and stalk thickness, while in the roja borrega variety it was plant height that was most affected. At doses of 80 to 100 Gy, there was a more than 30% reduction in growth compared to control in both varieties. In addition, in the white variety, chimeric petals were observed, which had a reddish tint, product of the stimulation by radiation. These results mark a reference level for the use of irradiation in gladiolus to evaluate different phenotypic parameters.Al proyecto interno 4496/2018/CI de la Universiadad Autónoma del Estado de México por el financiamiento otorgado para la realización del presente trabajo

“Es la economía, estúpido”

En 1992 durante la campaña electoral para llegar a la presidencia de los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, el para entonces candidato por el partido demócrata Bill Clinton, popularizó una frase (que luego se hizo famosa) contra su homólogo republicano George Bush (padre). La frase que lo llevaría a la Casa Blanca era: “Es la economía, estúpido”. Pero ¿qué es la economía?.Instituto de Relaciones Internacionale

Breves consideraciones geopolíticas y geoestratégicas: la nueva rivalidad entre la potencia marítima y la potencia continental

Halford John Mackinder en la Conferencia pronunciada el 25 de enero de 1904, ante la Real Sociedad Geográfica (en Londres) titulada El pivote geográfico de la historia, advertía a la Gran Bretaña, potencia marítima del momento, sobre la amenaza al equilibrio de poder Europeo que representaba la región o área pivote, es decir, la Rusia de los Zares (tercera Roma) potencia terrestre o continental respectiva, ya que, una “expansión por las tierras marginales de Eurasia, permitiría la utilización de los amplios recursos continentales para la construcción de una flota, y un imperio de alcance mundial estaría a la vista” (2010: 318). Para evitar esa expansión, propuso crear un gran “cinturón interior” (inner crescent) y un “cinturón exterior” (outer crescent) (Ídem: 318) sobre Eurasia.Instituto de Relaciones Internacionale

Inverse Modeling of Human Knee Joint Based on Geometry and Vision Systems for Exoskeleton Applications

Current trends in Robotics aim to close the gap that separates technology and humans, bringing novel robotic devices in order to improve human performance. Although robotic exoskeletons represent a breakthrough in mobility enhancement, there are design challenges related to the forces exerted to the users’ joints that result in severe injuries. This occurs due to the fact that most of the current developments consider the joints as noninvariant rotational axes. This paper proposes the use of commercial vision systems in order to perform biomimetic joint design for robotic exoskeletons. This work proposes a kinematic model based on irregular shaped cams as the joint mechanism that emulates the bone-to-bone joints in the human body. The paper follows a geometric approach for determining the location of the instantaneous center of rotation in order to design the cam contours. Furthermore, the use of a commercial vision system is proposed as the main measurement tool due to its noninvasive feature and for allowing subjects under measurement to move freely. The application of this method resulted in relevant information about the displacements of the instantaneous center of rotation at the human knee joint

Automatic vehicle counting area creation based on vehicle deep learning detection and DBSCAN

Deep learning and high-performance computing have augmented and speed-up the scope of video-based vehicles' massive counting. The automatic vehicle counts result from the detection and tracking of the vehicles in certain areas or Regions of Interest (ROI). In this paper, we propose a technique to create a counting area with different traffic-flow directions based on YOLO and DBSCAN You Only Look Once version five (YOLOv5) and Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). We compare the performance of the method against the manually counted ground truth. The proposed method showed that it is possible to generate the ROIs (counting areas) according to the traffic flow using deep learning techniques with relatively good accuracy (less than 5 % error). These results are promising but we need to explore the limits of this method with more street-view configurations, time and other detection and tracking algorithms, and in an HPC environment.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Violencia, diálogo y aprendizaje de la filosofía: intervención docente en el nivel medio superior

The purpose of this work is to present the results of a teaching intervention designed for the teaching of philosophy in Higher Secondary Education. The main claim is that teachers can attend the social problem of violence and conflict if they educate the new generations on philosophical dialogue. On that premise, the authors prepared and tested a didactic design based on two elements: the collaborative work and a concept of dialogue. The authors propose to understand the dialogue as an argumentative exchange between the attendants that is oriented to a goal that also leads to the collective construction of meaning. Here, the authors expose the general problem of violence in our contemporary societies. Then, they show the theoretical principles that they adopted to build the didactic design. Finally, they expose the results of the experience that also implemented digital resources in the context of the sanitary crisis of COVID-19. Despite the restrictions imposed by the screens, the students managed to appropriate the philosophical contents and simultaneously they tested their skills to dialogue, argue and build together.El objetivo de este trabajo es exponer los resultados de una intervención docente diseñada para la enseñanza de la filosofía en el nivel medio superior (secundaria del segundo ciclo). Aquí se sostiene que el problema social de la violencia y el conflicto puede ser aminorado si se educa a las nuevas generaciones para el diálogo, y más aún para el diálogo filosófico. A partir de este supuesto se diseñó y se puso en marcha una propuesta didáctica basada en el aprendizaje colaborativo y en un concepto de diálogo entendido como un intercambio argumentativo entre los participantes, orientado a una meta para la construcción colectiva de sentido. Se expone de manera general el problema que se avizora en la sociedad contemporánea, para después explicar los principios teóricos que se adoptaron para la planeación didáctica, finalmente se dan a conocer los resultados de la experiencia que se llevó a cabo a través de recursos digitales en el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19. Se observa que a pesar de los límites que impone la educación a través de la pantalla, el estudiantado se apropia de los contenidos filosóficos, y además pone en juego sus habilidades para dialogar, argumentar y construir en común

Comparison of AOPs Efficiencies on Phenolic Compounds Degradation

In this work, a comparison of the performances of different AOPs in the phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) degradation at lab and pilot scale is presented. It was found that, in the degradation of phenol, the performance of a coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process is superior to that observed by a photo-Fenton process. Phenol removal rate was determined to be 0.83mg L−1 min−1 for the coupled process while the removal rate for photo-Fenton process was only 0.52mg L−1 min−1. Regarding 4-CP degradation, the complete disappearance of the molecule was achieved and the efficiency decreasing order was as follows: coupled electrooxidation/ ozonation > electro-Fenton-like process > photo-Fenton process > heterogeneous photocatalysis. Total organic carbon was completely removed by the coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process. Also, it was found that oxalic acid is the most recalcitrant by-product and limits the mineralization degree attained by the technologies not applying ozone. In addition, an analysis on the energy consumption per removed gram of TOC was conducted and it was concluded that the less energy consumption is achieved by the coupled electro-oxidation/ozonation process