The Evolution of Stellar Populations

We summarize the discussion section on ``Evolution of Stellar Populations'' we led on May 27, 2000 in Granada, Spain, as part of the Euroconference on The Evolution of Galaxies. I- Observational Clues. We also provide a partial comparison between the present knowledge of these topics and that which existed at the time of the Crete Conference of 1995.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, To appear in Proceedings of First Euroconference "The Evolution of Galaxies. I-Observational Clues" (Astrophys. & Sp. Sc., Vilchez, Stasinska, and Perez, eds. Kluwer

El rol del capital social en los procesos de desarrollo local. Límites y alcance en grupos indígenas

Hay una idea, promovida por los organismos internacionales y el Estado, en torno a que el capital social contribuirá al fortalecimiento de la democracia, a la equidad, a la cultura de participación y, consiguientemente, al desarrollo. No obstante, es necesario detenernos en lanoción de capital social indígena, que pasa por tres elementos: a) la capacidad para sobrevivir económica y culturalmente; b) la posibilidad de conformar organización, mecanismos de lucha, resistencia y ajuste a una sociedad y a un proyecto nacional, en medio de una relación de subordinación y vulnerabilidad alta, y c) los efectos que las estructuras hegemónicas tienen en el debilitamiento del capital social indígena y su transformación en nuevas expresiones de capital social o incluso en su pérdida y ausencia

NAFTA Trade Obstacles: The Case of Cargo Transportation

One theme that has not been resolved within NAFTA is the issue of cargo transportation. This activity is predominant in US and Mexican commerce and has been carried out by a number of enterprises in both countries. The study seeks to discuss the urgent need to dismantle obstacles to cargo transportation trade in order to encourage surface transportation exports and promote profitable business for both American and Mexican companies.Trade; Transportation; Nafta; US-Mexico relations

Topology-based Representative Datasets to Reduce Neural Network Training Resources

One of the main drawbacks of the practical use of neural networks is the long time required in the training process. Such a training process consists of an iterative change of parameters trying to minimize a loss function. These changes are driven by a dataset, which can be seen as a set of labelled points in an n-dimensional space. In this paper, we explore the concept of are representative dataset which is a dataset smaller than the original one, satisfying a nearness condition independent of isometric transformations. Representativeness is measured using persistence diagrams (a computational topology tool) due to its computational efficiency. We prove that the accuracy of the learning process of a neural network on a representative dataset is "similar" to the accuracy on the original dataset when the neural network architecture is a perceptron and the loss function is the mean squared error. These theoretical results accompanied by experimentation open a door to reducing the size of the dataset to gain time in the training process of any neural network

Gender differences in cardiac left ventricular mass and function: clinical and experimental observations

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate gender-associated impact on left ventricular mass (LVM) and on left ventricular function (LVF) in humans and rats with aging. Methods: Myocyte area and collagen volume fraction (CVF) were studied in rats. LVM and LVF were evaluated in animals and humans by echocardiography and LVM index (LVMI) was obtained. Results: LVMI, myocyte area and CVF were similar in males and females of 1-month-old rats. LVMI in children was similar in both genders. In contrast, in 6-month-old rats (5 males and 5 females), LVMI (17.7 ± 0.7 mg/mm vs. 10.1 ± 0.2 mg/mm; p < 0.01), and myocyte area (4572.5 ± 72.6 μm2 vs. 3293.85 ± 57.8 μm2 , p < 0.01) were higher in male animals without differences in CVF. Men (n = 25) exhibited greater LVMI than women (n = 25) (77.4 ± 3.2 g/m2 vs. 63.3 ± 1.8 g/m2 , p < 0.01), whereas the LVF was higher in women (105.9 ± 2.9% vs. 95.3 ± 3.5%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: There is a clear gender-associated impact on LVM with aging in humans and rats. Similar CVF and LVF associated to greater myocyte size and LVM in male rats suggest a process of physiological response. However, the increase in cardiac mass without an associated improved cardiac function in men in comparison to women could likely represent a potential disadvantage in the adaptive response during growth. (Cardiol J 2014; 21, 1: x–x)Fil: Escudero, Eduardo Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Orlowski, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Pinilla, Oscar Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Ennis, Irene Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; ArgentinaFil: Aiello, Ernesto Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares "Dr. Horacio Eugenio Cingolani"; Argentin

PROCESO DINÁMICO PARA LA BIOSORCIÓN DE Pb (II) DE SOLUCIONES ACUOSAS UTILIZANDO UNA COLUMNA EMPACADA CON CÁSCARA DE PIMIENTA (Pimenta dioica L. Merrill)

El residuo de pimienta (RP) es un subproducto del proceso de extracción de aceite esencial de pimienta gorda (Pimienta dioica L. Merrill), y se utiliza como un bioadsorbente de bajo costo para la remoción del plomo (II) de soluciones acuosas. Este material está compuesto principalmente por celulosa, hemicelulosa y lignina. Las partículas de RP utilizadas tienen un diámetro menor a 0.836 mm, una humedad inferior al 12% en peso, una área superficial de 1.30 m2 /g, un diámetro promedio de poro de 5.55 nm y una capacidad teórica de absorción de plomo de 4.33 mg/g