Discovery of two embedded clusters with WISE in the high Galactic latitude cloud HRK 81.4-77.8

Molecular clouds at very high latitude ($b>60^{\circ}$) away from the Galactic plane are rare and in general are expected to be non-star-forming. However, we report the discovery of two embedded clusters (Camargo 438 and Camargo 439) within the high-latitude molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 using WISE. Camargo 439 with Galactic coordinates $\ell=81.11^{\circ}$ and $b=-77.84^{\circ}$ is an $\sim2$ Myr embedded cluster (EC) located at a distance from the Sun of $d_{\odot}=5.09\pm0.47$ kpc. Adopting the distance of the Sun to the Galactic centre $R_{\odot}=7.2$ kpc we derive for Camargo 439 a Galactocentric distance of $R_{GC}=8.70\pm0.26$ kpc and a vertical distance from the plane of $-4.97\pm0.46$ kpc. Camargo 438 at $\ell=79.66^{\circ}$ and $b=-78.86^{\circ}$ presents similar values. The derived parameters for these two ECs put HRK 81.4-77.8 in the halo at a distance from the Galactic centre of $\sim8.7$ kpc and $\sim5.0$ kpc from the disc. Star clusters provide the only direct means to determine the high latitude molecular cloud distances. The present study shows that the molecular cloud HRK 81.4-77.8 is currently forming stars, apparently an unprecedented event detected so far among high latitude clouds. We carried out a preliminary orbit analysis. It shows that this ECs are the most distant known embedded clusters from the plane and both cloud and clusters are probably falling ballistically from the halo onto the Galactic disc, or performing a flyby.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, and 2 tables in MNRAS, 201

Ferroelectric properties of Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3 ceramics

Different processing conditions and the effect of secondary phases on ferroelectric properties of Bi0.5(Na0.8K0.2)0.5TiO3 (BNKT) are studied. Ceramic powders are prepared by solid state reaction and different sintering temperatures (temperatures between 1075 and 1150ºC) are analyzed. Finally, samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman microspectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, and density measurements. Through XRD patterns, the perovskite structure is stabilized; together with small peaks corresponding to a secondary phase associated with K2-xNaxTi6O13 phase. Moreover, the content of the secondary phase, d33 piezoelectric constant and dielectric properties increase with sintering temperature.Fil: Camargo, Javier Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Ramajo, Leandro Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; ArgentinaFil: Rubio Marcos, Fernando. Instituto de Ceramica y Vidrio de Madrid; EspañaFil: Castro, Miriam Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales; Argentin

Genome Integrity and Reprogrammed Metabolism in H3.3K27M High-grade Gliomas

Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGG) are an extremely aggressive subtype of childhood brain cancer, with a survival rate of less than one year after diagnosis. Accumulated evidence demonstrated that mutations (changes) in the histone H3.3 protein occur in 35% of pHGG cases, and a specific mutation, entitled H3.3K27M, accounts for 50% of them. However, despite extensive knowledge, no adequate therapeutic option is currently available, and prognosis of pHGG remains dismal. To unravel new therapeutic opportunities for H3.3K27M pHGGs, we investigated the underlying mechanisms behind their loss of genome (collection of genes in an organism) integrity and metabolic reprogramming. Of note, genome integrity refers to the preservation of cellular DNA without mutations. Whenever it is compromised, DNA damage is passed from paternal cells to their offspring, accumulating and growing in each cell generation, a process known as genomic instability. Meanwhile, metabolic reprogramming concerns the deviation of normal cell metabolism, through (de)activation of metabolic pathways, to fulfill the intense metabolic demands of highly proliferative cancer cells. We demonstrated that H3.3K27M compromises genome integrity by disrupting the normal process of DNA replication and blocking DNA repair mechanisms, leading to genomic instability and causing cancer. Furthermore, we showed that the H3.3K27M mutation activates a metabolic pathway named glycolysis, while deactivating another one named oxidative phosphorylation, to fuel intense cell proliferation. Additionally, we observed that inhibition of PFKFB3, a pivotal enzyme that participates in glycolysis, eliminates H3.3K27M mutant cells. In summary, we described previously unknown oncogenic mechanisms of H3.3K27M pHGGs and identified potential novel therapeutic opportunities

Towards a census of the Galactic anticentre star clusters - III: tracing the spiral structure in the Outer Disk

In this paper we investigate the nature of 27 star cluster candidates, most of them projected towards the Galactic anticentre. We derive fundamental parameters for 20 confirmed clusters, among these 7 are new identifications. Four of the remaining are uncertain cases that require deeper photometry to establish their nature, and 4 are probably field fluctuations. In addition, we provide a partial census of the open clusters towards the Galactic anticentre. We also include in this study some interesting objects outside the anticentre region, in the second and third Galactic quadrants, mainly in the Perseus and Outer arms. These clusters confirm the extension of the Outer arm along the third quadrant. We also point out that the embedded cluster FSR 486, at a distance of 7.2 +/- 1.3 kpc from de Sun, is projected on the line of sight of the Local Group irregular dwarf galaxy IC 10. Thus, part of the unusual properties of IC 10 may be explained by a Galactic contamination. We point out the importance of embedded clusters in tracing the spiral structure

Identification and pharmacognostic control of the species: Mentha x villosa, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon citratus and Melissa officinalis: Identificação e controle farmacognóstico das espécies: Mentha x villosa, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon citratus e Melissa officinalis

The use of medicinal plants often symbolizes the only therapeutic resource of a community or group of people to establish quality of life and health, as they have bioactive compounds with therapeutic properties, there is a vast amount of plants spread throughout the territory, present in open markets, markets, and beyond the residential backyards. Popular observations on the use of medicinal plants are relevant to therapeutic action, even though we are not aware of all of its components. It emphasizes the care that must be taken with the identification of the desired species, the part that will be used, such as a flower, fruit, leaf, stem or root, as it can cause serious intoxication or poisoning. The main purpose of this study was to study the secondary metabolites of the species Mentha x villosa, Lippia alba, Cymbopogon citratus and Melissa officinalis, in addition to the quantification of their chemical and antimicrobial properties. The samples were acquired from desiccated leaves where tests were performed to determine moisture, total ash and acid-insoluble, showed the presence of cardiotonics, flavonoids, anthraquinones, saponins, alkaloids, tannins and antibacterial properties, as well as the quantification of the content of total flavonoids as a quality control reference for the species described above

Global interactions between firms and universities: Global Innovation Networks as first steps towards a Global Innovation System

This paper aims to broaden the horizon as well as to shed further light on the studies of interaction between firms and universities in a global context. Its starting point is thus a review of two different strands of the literature on innovation. First, the literature on interaction by Klevorick et al (1995) and Nelson (1993), and second, the more recent literature on Global Innovation Networks (GINs) by Ernst ( 2006) and The Economist Intelligence Unit ( 2007). These strands share a common problem: each has a blind spot in relation to the core focus of the other strand. The literature on interaction does not consider the international dimension in any depth, and the GINs literature does not integrate the university dimension adequately. This paper addresses the common weakness through a combination of the two approaches, searching for interactions between firms and universities globally. In doing so, the paper also puts forward a tentative framework on global interaction between firms and universities.interactions between firms and universities, National Innovation Systems, Global Innovation Networks.