Diseño estructural del pavimento para mejorar su transitabilidad en el camino vecinal Suro – La Morada Tres ríos, distrito de Otuzco, provincia de Otuzco – La Libertad

La presente tesis se realizó en el camino vecinal Suro – La Morada Tres ríos, como estudio, la investigación que se empleó fue de tipo aplicada. El principal objetivo fue realizar el diseño estructural del pavimento utilizando la metodología AASHTO93 para mejorar la transitabilidad, de igual forma hemos tenido en cuenta analizar y observar las condiciones en las que se encuentra la zona estudiada. Para el proyecto realizado hemos diseñado 2 tipos de pavimentos (flexible y rígido), se ha tomado en cuenta el manual de carreteras: Suelos Geología, Geotecnia y pavimentos, el Reglamento Nacional de Edificaciones: Norma CE.010 Pavimentos urbanos y Manual de diseño de carreteras no pavimentadas de bajo volumen de tránsito, fueron de utilidad para diseñar los espesores del pavimento y las secciones de las vías. En los estudios de mecánica de suelos se realizaron 3 calicatas complementando los ensayos brindados por la Municipalidad Provincial de Otuzco, teniendo un total de 38 calicatas realizadas en el cual se determinó 7 valores de CBR y se obtuvo los siguientes resultados: en el Km 2+000 siendo una arcilla de baja plasticidad con clasificación de A-4(8) con un CBR de 3.89%, en el Km 3+000 presentando un suelo de arcilla de baja plasticidad(CL) con clasificación de A-7-6(12) y CBR de 5.50%, clasificándose ambos como una sub rasante ineficiente por lo tanto se propone realizar un mejoramiento con cemento. En el Km 5+500 una arcilla limosa con clasificación de A-7-6(29) con CBR 9.43%, Km 8+000, Km 9+000 y Km 13+000 un suelo arena limosa arcillosa (SC-SM) clasificado en A-4(1), A-4(0), A-4(2) con CBR de 7%, 6% y 9.02% respectivamente, siendo una sub rasante regular. Para el pavimento flexible se obtuvo un ESSAL de 1’015,942.77 y para pavimento rígido de 1’039,311.41. En el diseño del pavimento flexible obtuvimos como resultado una carpeta asfáltica de 8cm, una base de 20cm y una sub base de 20cm. Para el pavimento rígido, una losa de concreto de19cm con una resistencia a la compresión de 280kg/cm2, sub base de 15cm al 40% de CBRThe present thesis was carried out on the Suro - La Morada Tres Ríos road, as a study, the research used was of the applied type. The main objective was to perform the structural design of the pavement using the AASHTO93 methodology to improve the trafficability, likewise we have taken into account to analyze and observe the conditions in which the studied area is located. For the project we have designed 2 types of pavements (flexible and rigid), we have taken into account the road manual: Soils, Geology, Geotechnics and Pavements, the National Building Regulations: Standard CE.010 Urban Pavements and the Design Manual for unpaved roads with low traffic volume, which were useful to design the pavement thicknesses and road sections. In the soil mechanics studies, 3 test pits were made complementing the tests provided by the Provincial Municipality of Otuzco, having a total of 38 test pits made in which 7 CBR values were determined and the following results were obtained: at Km 2+000 being a clay of low plasticity with a classification of A-4(8) with a CBR of 3. 89%, at Km 3+000 presenting a clay soil of low plasticity (CL) with a classification of A-7-6(12) and CBR of 5.50%, both classified as an inefficient subgrade; therefore, it is proposed to improve it with cement. At Km 5+500 a silty clay with a classification of A-7-6(29) with CBR 9.43%, Km 8+000, Km 9+000 and Km 13+000 a silty clayey sand soil (SC-SM) classified as A-4(1), A-4(0), A-4(2) with CBR of 7%, 6% and 9.02% respectively, being a regular subgrade. An ESSAL of 1'015,942.77 was obtained for flexible pavement and 1'039,311.41 for rigid pavement. The design of the flexible pavement resulted in an 8cm asphalt layer, a 20cm base and a 20cm subbase. For the rigid pavement, a 19cm concrete slab with a compressive strength of 280kg/cm2, 15cm subbase at 40% CBRTesi

Zapopan y la urbanización cerrada: el fenómeno de la segregación residencial en un municipio del Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, México

La evolución de las ciudades transformó el modelo de urbanización cerrada y permitió la integración de mayor cantidad de población, un hecho que se traduce en la privatización de alrededor del 20 % de la superficie urbanizadamunicipal de Zapopan, en Guadalajara, México. Esto ha generado una serie de problemáticas de movilidad y segregación socioespacial que destacan la necesidad de realizar cambios en la normatividad urbana vigente para controlar su producción

Antibodies For Rickettsia Spp. In Patients With Negative Serology For Dengue Virus, Leptospirosis, And Meningococcal Disease In Municipalities Of Sao Paulo State, Brazil

Brazilian spotted fever is an infectious disease with a high mortality rate if not treated early. Differential diagnosis is difficult, as the first clinical signs are non-specific and can be confused with other diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate evidence of infection with Rickettsia rickettsii and Rickettsia parkeri in negative sera samples, collected in 2014, from patients with suspected leptospirosis, dengue fever, and meningococcal disease in Atibaia and Braganca Paulista municipalities of the State of Sao Paulo. Methods: The samples stored at the Institute Adolfo Lutz in Campinas were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with IgG and IgM against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was performed for the sera samples of patients who died (n = 3), those with initial suspicion of meningococcal disease (n = 6), and those with positive IFA results. Results: Of 258 samples from Braganca Paulista, 4 (1.6%) were positive, with IgG titers of 1: 64 and 1: 128 against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri, respectively. Of 155 samples from Atibaia, 2 (1.3%) were positive, with IgG titers of 1: 64 and 1: 128 against R. rickettsii and R. parkeri, respectively. No sample showed positive PCR results. Conclusions: This serological investigation suggests there is evidence of exposure to Rickettsia spp. in residents of areas that have environmental conditions favorable to the spread of bacteria, in which Brazilian spotted fever incidence was not previously confirmed.49556757

Fractionated extraction of polyphenols from mate tea leaves using a combination of hydrophobic/ hydrophilic NADES

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The AuthorsA new methodology for the selective extraction of antioxidants from mate tea leaves (and decaffeinated mate tea leaves), using different natural deep eutectic systems (NADES), is reported in this paper. A fractionated extraction was carried out and the optimization of the extraction conditions such as solid/liquid ratio, temperature, time, stirring and the use of ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) technology was performed. The results demonstrate that a sequential extraction using, in a first step, an hydrophobic system Men:Lau (2:1) and, in a second step, an hydrophilic lactic acid-based NADES, leads to two distinct extracts: the first one rich in pigments and the second one rich in polyphenols. NADES systems were able to extract 30% more of the polyphenolic components of the mate tea leaves matrices, when compared with traditional solvents/techniques. Moreover, it has been shown that the incorporation of the extract in the NADES, compared to the same extract in aqueous medium was beneficial for the stabilization of the antioxidants. It maintains their functionality at least for three months, reaching 41% more versus the extracts obtained by traditional solvents/techniques. The absence of caffeine in the extracts did not shown to have any effects on the stability results.publishersversionpublishe

ANÁLISIS TEÓRICO DEL FENÓMENO DE MODERNIZACIÓN CAPITALISTA DE LA CIUDAD Y LA CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN DE LOS ESPACIOS URBANOS DE INTERACCIÓN SOCIAL

Se analiza a través de la teoría de la modernización capitalista de la ciudad, las transformaciones que sufrieron los espacios urbanos a raíz de la territorialización de la economía global, un hecho que encuentra su origen en la vinculación que se dio entre el desarrollo tecnológico, las ideologías neoliberales y la liberalización del mercado. También, como sub- apartados, se abordan tres conceptos importantes para la explicación del fenómeno: el de “identidad”, como factor que motiva el desarrollo endógeno y la capacidad que puede tener para mejorar las condiciones de vida de las comunidades que residen dentro de los espacios urbanos; los “Espacios Urbanos de Interacción Social”, como categoría de análisis que posibilita la identificación de los componentes de la estructura urbana que propician dinámicas de interacción ciudadana, la creación de cohesión social y el desarrollo de identidad territorial y; el “derecho a la ciudad”, como alternativa para potencializar el desarrollo de la sociedad local dentro de un contexto donde la identidad se ha desarticulado de su base territorial

A ENTRADA NO CURSO DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE OS MOTIVOS DE ESCOLHA

This essay aims to contextualize and discuss the factors that influenced students to opt for the Physical Education course, especially the Degree, from the theoretical framework of Pierre Bourdieu and Bernard Lahire. Methodologically, the study presents an exploratory and descriptive review of the literatue, of 24 articles in the Google Scholar indexer. The conclusion shows that these factors refer to the preference for sports and/or physical activities followed by the influence of the Physical Education teacher of Basic Education.O presente ensaio tem como objetivo contextualizar e discutir a partir da literatura revisada os fatores que influenciaram os ingressos a optarem pelo curso de Educação Física, sobretudo a Licenciatura, à luz do quadro teórico de Pierre Bourdieu e Bernard Lahire. Metodologicamente, empregou-se uma revisão de literatura narrativa de natureza exploratória, descritiva e crítica de 24 artigos no indexador Google Scholar conjuntamente aos quadros teóricos previamente citados. Concluiu-se que esses fatores se referem ao gosto por esportes e/ou atividades físicas seguido da influência do professor de Educação Física da Educação Básica

Descending Thoracic Aorta as inflow for primary revascularization of aorto-iliac occlusive disease – review of the last 30 years

INTRODUCTION: The descending thoracic aorta (DTA) has been used as inflow mostly as a secondary option for revascularization after either graft failure/infection or other intra-abdominal pathologies contraindicating a standard abdominal aortic approach. The objective of this review is to summarize current evidence on the use of this inflow site for revascularization procedures. METHODS: A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed, using PubMed and Embase databases. All literature published in English in the last 30 years was considered. The main goal was to assess the feasibility and practicality of implementing this approach in cases of severe and complex aortoiliac lesions. RESULTS: Our review comprised 11 articles. DTA has been used predominately as a secondary option. The 30-day mortality rate was 4% (9/222). Secondary graft patency at 5-years was generally high across all studies. The use of DTA as inflow has been shown to be a safe and effective option for aorto-iliac reconstruction. CONCLUSION: DTA can be used safely as an inflow for lower-limb revascularization and it remains an important tool in the vascular surgeon's armamentarium

Retratos sociológicos: pesquisa de revisão de literatura sobre a compreensão das trajetórias pessoal e profissional de professores de Educação Física

The present essay aimed to contextualize Bernard Lahire's Sociological Portraits method as it relates to the life trajectory and professional development of Physical Education teachers. Methodologically, it was presented as a narrative-type literature review research, which was structured from the reading of articles and books that addressed the theme choice and professional development. The search for these materials was carried out in the Google Scholar and Scielo databases, in which 33 articles were selected and analyzed. The results showed that choices and decision-making were based on different dimensions of socialization, the most influential of which were the Family and School. Professional development was mirrored in past experiences. Therefore, through the aforementioned method, it was possible to investigate the reason why a person decided for a particular profession and their career development, making the life trajectory influence the selection of the profession and the professional development of these professionals.  El presente ensayo tuvo como objetivo contextualizar la metodología de los retratos sociológicos, de Bernard Lahire, en cuanto a la trayectoria de vida y al desarrollo profesional de profesores de Educación Física. Metodológicamente, se presentó como una investigación de revisión de literatura del tipo narrativa, que se estructuró desde la lectura de artículos y libros que abordaran el tema elección y desarrollo profesional. La búsqueda de estos materiales se realizó en las bases de datos Google Académico y Scielo, en las cuales se seleccionaron y analizaron 33 artículos. Los resultados mostraron que las elecciones y la toma de decisiones se basaban en diferentes dimensiones de la socialización, siendo las más influyentes la familia y la escuela, mientras el desarrollo profesional se reflejó en experiencias pasadas. Por lo tanto, a través del método mencionado, fue posible investigar la razón por la cual una persona se decidió por una determinada profesión y su desarrollo profesional, haciendo que la trayectoria de vida influyera en la elección de la profesión y en el desarrollo profesional de estos profesores de Educación Física.  O presente ensaio objetivou contextualizar a metodologia dos retratos sociológicos, de Bernard Lahire, no que se relaciona à trajetória de vida e ao desenvolvimento profissional de professores de Educação Física. Metodologicamente, apresentou-se como uma pesquisa de revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa, a qual foi estruturada a partir da leitura de artigos e livros que abordassem a temática escolha e desenvolvimento profissional. A busca desses materiais foi realizada nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico e Scielo, em que foram selecionados e analisados 33 artigos. Os resultados evidenciaram que as escolhas e tomadas de decisão eram pautadas em diferentes dimensões de socialização, das quais as mais influentes foram a família e escola, enquanto o desenvolvimento profissional era espelhado em experiências passadas. Assim sendo, por meio do referido método foi possível investigar o motivo pelo qual uma pessoa se decidiu por determinada profissão e o seu desenvolvimento na carreira, fazendo que a trajetória de vida influenciasse na seleção da profissão e no desenvolvimento profissional desses professores de Educação Física