The Formation of Crystalline Dust in AGB Winds from Binary Induced Spiral Shocks

As stars evolve along the Asymptotic Giant Branch, strong winds are driven from the outer envelope. These winds form a shell, which may ultimately become a planetary nebula. Many planetary nebulae are highly asymmetric, hinting at the presence of a binary companion. Some post-Asymptotic Giant Branch objects are surrounded by torii of crystalline dust, but there is no generally accepted mechanism for annealing the amorphous grains in the wind to crystals. In this Letter, we show that the shaping of the wind by a binary companion is likely to lead to the formation of crystalline dust in the orbital plane of the binary.Comment: Submitted to ApJ

Alvira : comparative genomics of viral strains

The Alvira tool is a general purpose multiple sequence alignment viewer with a special emphasis on the comparative analysis of viral genomes. This new tool has been devised specifically to address the problem of the simultaneous analysis of a large number of viral strains. The multiple alignment is embedded in a graph that can be explored at different levels of resolution

Role of advanced technology in the detection of sight-threatening eye disease in a UK community setting.

Background/aims: To determine the performance of combinations of structural and functional screening tests in detecting sight-threatening eye disease in a cohort of elderly subjects recruited from primary care. Methods: 505 subjects aged ≥60 years underwent frequency doubling technology (FDT) perimetry, iVue optical coherence tomography (iWellness and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) scans) and intraocular pressure with the Ocular Response Analyzer, all performed by an ophthalmic technician. The reference standard was a full ophthalmic examination by an experienced clinician who was masked to the index test results. Subjects were classified as presence or absence of sight-threatening eye disease (clinically significant cataract, primary open-angle glaucoma, intermediate or advanced age-related macular degeneration and significant diabetic retinopathy). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between abnormal screening test results and the presence of sight-threatening eye disease. Results: 171 subjects (33.8%) had one or more sight-threatening eye diseases. The multivariate analysis found significant associations with any of the target conditions for visual acuity of <6/12, an abnormal FDT and peripapillary RNFL thickness outside the 99% normal limit. The sensitivity of this optimised screening panel was 61.3% (95% CI 53.5 to 68.7), with a specificity of 78.8% (95% CI 74.0 to 83.1), a positive predictive value of 59.5% (95% CI 53.7 to 65.2) and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 72.9% (95% CI 68.8 to 76.8). Conclusions: A subset of screening tests may provide an accurate and efficient means of population screening for significant eye disease in the elderly. This study provides useful preliminary data to inform the development of further larger, multicentre screening studies to validate this screening panel

Optimum design and control of amine scrubbing in response to electricity and CO2 prices

AbstractThis paper presents steady state and dynamic modelling of post combustion CO2 capture using 30 wt% MEA integrated with models of CO2 compression and the steam power cycle. It uses multivariable optimization tools to maximize hourly profit of a 100 MWe coal-fired power plant. Steady state optimization for design provided optimum lean loading and CO2 removal as a function of price ratio (CO2 price/electricity price). The results indicated that for price ratio between 2.1 and 7, the plant should be designed at removal between 70% and 98% and lean loading in the range of 0.22–0.25. Dynamic optimization determined the operation of the capture system in response to two partial load scenarios (reboiler steam load reduction and power plant boiler load reduction) and provided optimum set points for steam rate, solvent circulation rate and stripper pressure control loops. Maximum profit is maintained by allowing the stripper pressure to drop and implementing a ratio control between solvent and steam rate (and flue gas rate for partial boiler load operation)

Demonstration of the test-retest reliability and sensitivity of the Lower Limb Functional Index as a measure of functional recovery post burn injury: A cross-sectional repeated measures study design

Background: Lower limb burns can significantly delay recovery of function. Measuring lower limb functional outcomes is challenging in the unique burn patient population and necessitates the use of reliable and valid tools. The aims of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability, sensitivity, and internal consistency of Sections 1 and 3 of the Lower Limb Functional Index-10 (LLFI-10) questionnaire for measuring functional ability in patients with lower limb burns over time. Methods: Twenty-nine adult patients who had sustained a lower limb burn injury in the previous 12 months completed the test-retest procedure of the study. In addition, the minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated for Section 1 and 3 of the LLFI-10. Section 1 is focused on the activity limitations experienced by patients with a lower limb disorder whereas Section 3 involves patients indicating their current percentage of pre-injury duties. Results: Section 1 of the LLFI-10 demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.98, 95 % CI 0.96–0.99) whilst Section 3 demonstrated high test-retest reliability (ICC 0.88, 95 % CI 0.79–0.94). MDC scores for Sections 1 and 3 were 1.27 points and 30.22 %, respectively. Internal consistency was demonstrated with a significant negative association (rs=−0.83) between Sections 1 and 3 of the LLFI-10 (p\u3c0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that Section 1 and 3 of the LLFI-10 are reliable for measuring functional ability in patients who have sustained lower limb burns in the previous 12 months, and furthermore, Section 1 is sensitive to changes in patient function over time

Experimental demonstration of a suspended diffractively coupled optical cavity

All-reflective optical systems are under consideration for future gravitational wave detector topologies. One approach in proposed designs is to use diffraction gratings as input couplers for Fabry–Perot cavities. We present an experimental demonstration of a fully suspended diffractively coupled cavity and investigate the use of conventional Pound–Drever–Hall length sensing and control techniques to maintain the required operating condition

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECANDUAN INTERNET DENGAN OBESITAS PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI

Kecanduan merupakan suatu keterlibatan secara terus-menerus dengan sebuah aktivitas meskipun hal-hal tersebut mengakibatkan konsekuensi negatif. Obesitas adalah suatu penyakit serius yang dapat mengakibatkan masalah emosional dan social. Seseorang disebut obesitas apabila kelebihan berat badan mencapai lebih 20% dari berat normal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecanduan internet dengan obesitas pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan studi cross sectional atau potong lintang, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan September- November 2019. Subjek penelitian adalah 130 mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian yaitu kuisoner, timbangan dan mikrotois. Analisis data menggunakan Fisher Exact. Penelitian ini menunjukan responden yang memiliki IMT dengan presentase responden yang berstatus kurus 66,9%, untuk status gizi normal dengan persentase 21,5%, kemudian responden yang berstatus gizi gemuk dengan persentase 3,8%, dan untuk responden yang berstatus gizi obesitas 7,7%, responden yang kecanduan internet memiliki nilai persentase 96.9% dan responden yang tidak kecanduan sebesar 3,1%.Penelitian ini juga  didapatkan 6,2% responden yang kecanduan internet dan 1,5% responden yang tidak kecanduan internet memiliki status gizi obesitas, sedangkan 90,8% responden yang kecanduan internet dan 1,5% responden yang tidak kecanduan internet memiliki status gizi Non obesitas. Uji statistik menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara kecanduan internet dengan obesitas dengan nilai p= 0,030<0,05.Bagi mahasiswa diharapkan agar peduli terhadap kesehatan diri sendiri dengan membatasi pemakaian internet secara berlebihan yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan antara pemakaian internet dengan aktifitas social yang ada di lingkungan rumah atau di tempat lainya sehingga memiliki aktifitas fisik yang baik dan terhindar dari obesitas. Kata Kunci : Kecanduan internet, Obesitas, Mahasiswa FKM Unsrat ABSTRACTAddiction is an involvement continuously with activity even though these things result in negative consequences. Obesity is a serious illness that can cause emotional and social problems. Someone called obesity if overweight reaches more than 20% of normal weight. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between internet addiction and obesity among students of the Faculty of Public Health, Sam Ratulangi University. This research is a quantitative research using a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in September-November 2019. The research subjects were 130 students. The research instruments are questionnaires, the scale, and microtois. Data analysis using Fisher Exact. This research shows that respondents who have a BMI with a percentage of respondents the status skinny 66.9%, for normal nutritional status with a percentage of 21.5%, then respondents who are obese nutritional status with a percentage of 3.8%, and for respondents who are obese nutritional status 7,7%, respondents who are addicted to the internet have a percentage value of 96.9% and respondents who are not addicted by 3.1%. This research also found 6.2% of respondents who are addicted to the internet and 1.5% of respondents who are not addicted to the internet have nutritional status of obesity, while 90.8% of respondents who are addicted to the internet and 1.5% of respondents who are not addicted to the internet have nutritional status non obesity. Keywords: Internet Addiction, Obesity, Students of The Faculty of Public Health Sam Ratulangi University

Synthesis of carbon-11 radiolabelled transition metal complexes using 11C-dithiocarbamates

A novel radiolabelling method exploiting 11C-dithiocarbamate ligands has been used to generate 11C-labelled Au(I), Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes in high radiochemical yields (71–99%). Labelled complexes were prepared in a rapid one-pot procedure via the substitution reaction of 11C-dithiocarbamate ligands with appropriate transition metal chloride precursors

The Self-Regulated Growth of Supermassive Black Holes

We present a series of simulations of the self--regulated growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galaxies via three different fueling mechanisms: major mergers, minor mergers, and disk instabilities. The SMBHs in all three scenarios follow the same black hole fundamental plane (BHFP) and correlation with bulge binding energy seen in simulations of major mergers, and observed locally. Furthermore, provided that the total gas supply is significantly larger than the mass of the SMBH, its limiting mass is not influenced by the amount of gas available or the efficiency of black hole growth. This supports the assertion that SMBHs accrete until they reach a critical mass at which feedback is sufficient to unbind the gas locally, terminating the inflow and stalling further growth. At the same time, while minor and major mergers follow the same projected correlations (e.g., the $M_{BH}-\sigma$ and Magorrian relations), SMBHs grown via disk instabilities do not, owing to structural differences between the host bulges. This finding is supported by recent observations of SMBHs in pseudobulges and bulges in barred systems, as compared to those hosted by classical bulges. Taken together, this provides support for the BHFP and binding energy correlations as being more "fundamental" than other proposed correlations in that they reflect the physical mechanism driving the co-evolution of SMBHs and spheroids.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Resistance training for rehabilitation after burn injury: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Background/aim: Resistance training is beneficial for rehabilitation in many clinical conditions, though this has not been systematically reviewed in burns. The objective was to determine the effectiveness of resistance training on muscle strength, lean mass, function, quality of life and pain, in children and adults after burn injury. Methods: Medline & EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL and CENTRAL were searched from inception to October 2016. Studies were identified that implemented resistance training in rehabilitation. Data were combined and included in meta-analyses for muscle strength and lean mass. Otherwise, narrative analysis was completed. The quality of evidence for each outcome was summarised and rated using the GRADE framework. Results: Eleven studies matched our inclusion criteria. Primary analysis did not demonstrate significant improvements for increasing muscle strength (SMD 0.74, 95% CI _0.02 to 1.50, p=0.06). Sensitivity analysis to correct an apparent anomaly in published data suggested a positive effect (SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.08–0.65, p=0.01). Psychological quality of life demonstrated benefit from training (MD=25.3, 95% CI 3.94–49.7). All studies were rated as having high risk of bias. The quality of the evidence was rated as low or very low. Conclusion: Further research with robust methodology is recommended to assess the potential benefit suggested in this review