From Brownfields to Greenfields: Assessing the Environmental Justice of Cleaning Up Brownfields

Poster Division 1: Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)Issues of environmental injustice in siting of environmental hazards are well known. Based on past research, the expectation is that lower socioeconomic status populations are systematically subject to higher levels of environmental risk in their communities. In this paper, I investigate whether similar patterns appear prevalent in environmental improvement as well. First, I assess the characteristics of the communities in which brownfield sites are currently located. Then, I compare the likelihood and prioritization of cleaning up brownfield sites based on the composition of their neighborhoods. I find that while sites in communities with larger minority populations are likely to move at a slower pace through the initial assessment phases of the cleanup process, they are no less likely to ultimately be cleaned up. I suggest that economic and political considerations are better explanations of this result than overt discrimination.A one-year embargo was granted for this item

Collect Your Dead

Since the bizarre disappearance of his wife, mountaineer Abbot Boone\u27s life has spiraled into a pit of alcoholism and alienation. But then a wealthy and desperate widow hires Boone for an impossible task: to recover her husband\u27s dead body from the peaks of Mount Everest. With nothing to lose and debts mounting, Boone enlists a team of exiles and misfits to attempt the climb. But if Boone is to conquer the mountain, he will first have to survive the pressure cooker of Everest Base Camp, brutal subzero temperatures, and ultimately confront the mystery of his own grie

Glass: Beyond the archetypal vessel

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Federal and state reforms to incentivize brownfielddevelopments have only enhanced developers’profits on existing projects

Nearly half a million brownfield sites currently exist in the United States, many of which contain hazardous pollution that needs to be cleaned up to ensure the land can be developed safely. With developers often bearing the cost of this clean-up, state and federal government have put into place a number of financial incentives and liability relief to encourage development. Adam Eckerd and Roy L. Heidelberg write that in practice, private developers use these incentives to make profitable redevelopment projects more profitable, not to take on projects that they otherwise would not

Scaling-Up: A Fifth Year of Restoring Oyster Reefs in Great Bay Estuary, NH 2013 Annual Program Report

The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) in New Hampshire’s Great Bay Estuary has declined in the past decades, with local populations reduced due primarily to disease, excessive siltation, and past over-harvest. The loss of filtering oysters results in diminished ecological benefits for water quality, nitrogen control, and other services that healthy oyster populations provide. In support of management objectives to restore oyster populations, The Nature Conservancy (TNC) and the University of New Hampshire (UNH) have combined for a fifth consecutive year of scaled-up methods to rebuild oyster reefs and populations. Since 2009, we have “planted” seasoned shell, primarily surf-clam and oyster mix, on channel bottom as a hard substrate foundation to recruit spawn from nearby native populations. Constructed areas are amended to supplement recruitment with laboratory-raised and volunteer-grown “spat-on-shell” from remotely set larvae. Following four consecutive years of experience and adaptation, 2013 was a year of unprecedented effort and conservation outcomes. We successfully constructed and seeded five new acres of reef adjacent to native oysters in the Piscataqua River in Dover (1.5 acres) and in the Lamprey River in Newmarket (3.5 acres). Notably, we employed a new shell deployment method to achieve large-scale reef construction. Restoration efforts were greatly enhanced by excellent remote set success and outstanding natural recruitment, resulting in over 2M oysters. In addition, community engagement through the volunteer Oyster Conservationist program reached another all-time high with fifty families producing our largest oyster stock ever for restoration. Over the past five years, our efforts have added over 13 acres and 3M oysters to the ecosystem, increasing native Great Bay Estuary oyster populations by about 10%

Organizational sensegiving: Indicators and nonprofit signaling

Resource acquisition depends upon the agreement between an organization's sense of identity and the perceptions of organizational identity held by resource providers. To smooth the flow of resources and buffer against potential issues, organizations seek to manage external perceptions and, to the extent possible, control their organizational identity. Using exploratory factor analysis, we examine the data from 300 GuideStar profiles to develop a sense of how nonprofit organizations “give sense” to resource providers and attempt to manage their organizational identity. We find evidence of three sensegiving strategies. We then use a seemingly unrelated regression model to examine the relationship between these strategies and revenue outcomes, finding evidence that (a) nonprofit organizations demonstrate intentional sensegiving, and (b) different sensegiving approaches are related to different income streams

Effectiveness of bonus and penalty incentive contracts in supply chain exchanges: Does national culture matter?

In this study, we investigate the impact of national culture on the effectiveness of bonus and penalty incentive contracts in supply chain exchanges. We conducted laboratory experiments in Canada, China, and South Korea, involving transactional exchanges in which suppliers were presented with either bonus or penalty contracts. Then we compared suppliers’ contract acceptance, level of effort, and shirking across national cultures. Our findings reveal critical cultural influences on contract effectiveness. We show that although acceptance of bonus contracts is comparable across cultures, suppliers from Canada, a national culture considered low in power distance and high in humane orientation, exhibit lower acceptance rates of penalty contracts. In addition, we find evidence that suppliers associated with collectivist cultures exert more effort and shirk less in bonus contracts but these relationships also are more complex. When we compare contract effectiveness across bonus and penalty contracts within a given cultural setting, we find in all three countries greater acceptance of bonus contracts than penalty contracts. Also, after contracts are accepted, bonus contracts are more successful in China because suppliers exert greater effort and shirk less under bonus contracts than penalty contracts. However, in Canada and South Korea, the results of accepted contracts for both penalty and bonus contracts are nearly indistinguishable

Desde la madre hasta la mujer: ¿el hijo como deseo?

Para plantear el problema de la madre y la mujer para el psicoanálisis de orientación lacaniano, es importante entender que se trata de un problema que se centra en el colapso de la significación con la dimensión de la sexualidad, es decir que si el punto es la pregunta por lo que se es del lado de la sexualidad en tanto hombre y mujer, como también que es un padre y una madre, es porque no hay nada del orden del ser. El ser se encuentra perdido por la intervención del lenguaje dejando como efecto de la misma al sujeto Como objetivos del presente trabajo se propone, articular la relación entre la mujer y la madre con el falo, relacionar la constitución subjetiva con la posición sexuada, determinar el lugar que ocupa el deseo de hijo para la madre y para la mujer. La metodología que se propone es cualitativa y se utilizara la revisión bibliográfica, realizando una investigación documental, que tiene como fin recopilar información sobre el problema presentado.en La posición sexuada es algo que se construye a partir del significante que funda a cada sujeto, no se encuentra una significación que diga que es la mujer o la madre en un universal para todos; para el sujeto que se posicione como madre, el hijo se presenta como un posible sustituto de su falta, pero la madre no es la mujer, por lo mismo hay un deseo femenino que no logra ser taponado por el sustituto fálico. Entonces la mujer más allá de si es madre o no, remite a ese lugar donde aparece la falta en ser como elemento indispensable en la estructuración de un sujeto, de lo que se tratara es de reconocer que modalidades adoptará cada mujer para arreglárselas con el objeto de su falta.Fil: Eckerd, Ariadna. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología. Cátedra Psicopatología I; Argentina

Complementary and Alternative Therapy Use During Treatment of Breast Cancer

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used often by women having treatment for breast cancer and has been studied extensively in European American, educated, affluent women. However, it is poorly understood in poor, uneducated, rural and African American women. Studies of folk medicine, spirituality and those few studies with ethnically diverse samples indicate that CAM is also used in these groups. The process by which women make decisions to use CAM during and after breast cancer treatment has not been clearly described. The aims of this study were to characterize CAM use during treatment for breast cancer in a sample of African American and Caucasian women; to examine precipitating and influential factors in Caucasian and African American women's choices to use CAM during breast cancer treatment; to describe the process and timing of decisions to use CAM; and to clarify the use of CAM for treatment of breast cancer related issues as compared to the use of CAM for maintaining and improving health. This exploratory descriptive study used a cross sectional design and multiple methods including a card sort, individual interviews and quantitative measures. A convenience sample of 19 African American and European American women participated, all of whom were CAM users and were receiving or recovering from breast cancer treatment. The women in the sample were generally educated beyond high school, were varied in age and income as well as type of residence (urban/rural). The results of this study indicate the importance of participant definitions of CAM. African American women in the sample reported higher use of CAM treatments than the European American women both for managing side effects of treatment and for their general health. The types of CAM treatments used by African American and Caucasian women were different. Having breast cancer motivated all the women to engage in a type of life review to search for reasons for having breast cancer and to affect adoption of healthy lifestyle choices in the form of CAM. These women used a process of deciding about CAM use that was shaped by people they considered to be experts, a variety of other information sources, their health beliefs and their own personal experiences with the CAM treatment. The decision to use CAM therapies involved weighing the pros and cons and trying out CAM therapies for their effectiveness. The importance of faith and spirituality, especially but not exclusively for African American breast cancer patients, was supported by these findings. Prayer was the CAM therapy chosen most often by all of the women in the sample. The study raises questions about literature indicating that women do not discuss CAM use with their health care providers. In fact, the findings indicate the importance of providers as a resource for patients considering CAM during treatment of breast cancer and the need for study of precise doses of CAM and conventional treatment given concurrently

Spillover effects of information leakages in buyer–supplier–supplier triads

Information leakages—the unauthorized sharing of an organization's information with another organization—are a growing concern in today's supply chains, but remain relatively underexplored. Drawing on attribution theory and observational learning, our research investigates inter-organizational information leakages from a network perspective. We assess the spillover effects of opportunistic and inadvertent information leakages between an OFFENDER organization and a VICTIM organization on the relationship between the OFFENDER and a nonpartisan OBSERVER. We consider the roles of integrity- and ability-based trust, as well as operational similarity between the organizations. We conducted scenario-based experiments with 181 sales practitioners recruited via MTurk and supplemented those results with post hoc interviews. Our results show clear spillover effects: The OBSERVER's willingness to share information with the OFFENDER decreases significantly after any type of information leakage between the OFFENDER and the VICTIM, but more so for opportunistic leakages. Integrity-based trust mediates the relationship between intentionality and information sharing willingness. We also find indications of an unexpected collateral damage effect in that to some extent, both trust dimensions decrease in both forms of information leakage. Further, for opportunistic information leakages, the OBSERVER's willingness to share information with the OFFENDER decreases more when OBSERVER and VICTIM are operationally similar.</p