Museo de Ciencias Naturales: Universidad de Navarra

Guía educactiva, tercer ciclo de primari

To Be a Box or Not to Be a Box: The Multiple Meanings of the Metaphor in Antoni Tàpies

The reality that surrounds us throws us continuous messages that are perceived by our senses. In this perception, sight is configured as a principal sense capable of obtaining many of these messages and generating, from these perceptions, numerous thoughts, feelings and emotions. In this way, the routine of I see-thought-question- is established. The education of the gaze then becomes a matter of first order to favor the understanding of our world. Art, as a form of reality, or as an adaptation of reality, can be used as a tool to promote a different way of looking, it can be a discipline that can help to understand our reality. The following article studies the metaphor as a possible resource for the awareness of reality. An example of a metaphor, its possibility of inquiry, and discovery of meaning is the artwork Composicio amb cistella made in 1996 by Antonio Tàpies, which is part of the collection of the University of Navarra Museum. The Catalan artist uses metaphor in this sculpture trying to deceive the eye that looks at it, in an attempt to encourage participation and reflexive activation of visitors to the Museum. The conceptualization of the sculpture is specifically studied, in a synthetic way, through a philosophical approach on the aesthetic and the metaphor contributed by José Ortega y Gasset. The aim is to get support from aesthetic- philosophical which helps explore the possibilities of the metaphor as an aesthetic resource for the awareness of reality

Can art museums help environmental education? An interdisciplinary vision to promote meaningful learning

Environmental education is a discipline that tries to find new methodologies and tools to advance in the achievement of its goals. The museum education proposed by art museums, because of its specific methods and power of significance, can be a way forward for environmental education that is worth exploring. The theory of meaningful learning can be used by both disciplines to support and achieve more meaningful, and therefore lasting, learning among people. The complementarity and synergy between these disciplines can be established from their points of conceptual coincidence. The main research goals of this article have been two: to study and show the intrinsic complementarity of these disciplines from a conceptual viewpoint, and to show how their combined strength and complementarity can inspire specific educational proposals for the challenges of education in the twenty-first century. For example, those that focus on educating on the complexity of the world. The presentation and discussion of this conceptual framework may suggest educational instructions that move towards the interdisciplinary nature of environmental education, using as an educational resource that which is housed in art museums.La educación ambiental es una disciplina que busca encontrar nuevas metodologías y herramientas para avanzar en el logro de sus metas. La educación museística propuesta por los museos de arte, debido a sus métodos específicos y su poder de importancia, puede ser un camino a seguir para la educación ambiental que vale la pena explorar. La teoría del aprendizaje significativo puede ser utilizada por ambas disciplinas para apoyar y lograr un aprendizaje más significativo y, por lo tanto, duradero entre las personas. La complementariedad y sinergia entre estas disciplinas se puede establecer a partir de sus puntos de coincidencia conceptual. Los principales objetivos de investigación de este artículo han sido dos: estudiar y mostrar la complementariedad intrínseca de estas disciplinas desde un punto de vista conceptual, y mostrar cómo su fuerza y complementariedad combinadas pueden inspirar propuestas educativas específicas para los desafíos de la educación en el siglo XXI. siglo. Por ejemplo, aquellos que se enfocan en educar sobre la complejidad del mundo. La presentación y discusión de este marco conceptual puede sugerir instrucciones educativas que avancen hacia la interdisciplinariedad de la educación ambiental, utilizando como recurso educativo lo que se alberga en los museos de arte

Los programas de escuela taller. Una aproximación conceptual al modelo educativo del aprendizaje servicio

ABSTRACTWorkshop Schools are educational programs for young people that develop a Technical School towards employment since 1985. These programs use mainly practical methodologies through the fulfillment of works and services that respond to social needs. On the other hand, the service-learning is presented as an educational model which methodology has tested educational advantages. The presence of common features between both methodologies can lead to the thought that Workshop School programs are one of the programs that use the Service-Learning educational model, and therefore, they are a valid option to be used by Career Guidance Counseling in Secondary Education Centres.RESUMENLas Escuelas Taller son programas educativos para jóvenes que, desde el año 1985, desarrollan una formación profesional para el empleo. Estos programas utilizan metodologías eminentemente prácticas a través de la realización de obras y servicios que responden a un interés social. Por otra parte, el aprendizaje-servicio (service-learning) se presenta como un modelo educativo cuya metodología ofrece contrastadas ventajas educativas. La presencia de algunos aspectos comunes entre ambas metodologías puede llevar a considerar los programas de Escuela Taller como uno de los programas que utilizan el modelo educativo del Aprendizaje-Servicio y, por lo tanto, como una válida opción a utilizar desde la Orientación Profesional en los centros de Educación Secundaria.ABSTRACTWorkshop Schools are educational programs for young people that develop a Technical School towards employment since 1985. These programs use mainly practical methodologies through the fulfillment of works and services that respond to social needs. On the other hand, the service-learning is presented as an educational model which methodology has tested educational advantages. The presence of common features between both methodologies can lead to the thought that Workshop School programs are one of the programs that use the Service-Learning educational model, and therefore, they are a valid option to be used by Career Guidance Counseling in Secondary Education Centres

Simulation of Bioclimatic Systems in Detached Houses: Reduced Energy Demand by Using Space in the Basement

The climate conditions of the Mediterranean coast in Spain require a high energy demand in detached houses. Traditionally, vernacular architecture obtained an air interior temperature in summer of around 26°C – in principle quite comfortable because the superficial temperature of the walls was less than 23°C – by using masonry walls of around 50 cm in thickness. However, the high amount of air infiltrating through doors and windows, together with the difficulty of expelling the water vapour generated by people, meant that in practice the conditions of comfort were less satisfactory. Modern architecture changed these building patterns. Multi-layered walls are achieved with much less thickness, usually giving a 4 cm thick layer of insulation and an air chamber. With this, the thermal inertia is greatly reduced. But the most relevant factor of change is the increase in the glass area of these houses. Although double glazing substantially reduces the thermal transmittance value, the energy demand is considerably higher. However, structural techniques make it possible to introduce bioclimatic systems that can be put to advantage. This research looks into the benefits of having living space in the basement, as a method of passive temperature control in summer. We studied a detached house on the coast of Alicante, where the moderate temperature of the ground tempers the interior conditions of comfort using the flow of air from the basement towards the upper floors, significantly reducing the energy demand. This reduction was quantified through simulations with the tool Design Builder, in the scenarios of a traditional house, a house without basement and one with basement. Lastly, due to its importance, we quantified the role of air infiltration through the enclosure in that demand for energy. The results obtained are significant. In summer, it’s possible to reduce in 3°C the indoor air temperature in the ground floor, obtaining an improvement in the user comfort sensation of 85%. Annual energy demand is reduced by 18% compared to traditional buildings. The layout of the basement, as a passive system in the studied houses, reduces that energy demand by 20% more

Healthy Climate and Energy Savings: Using Thermal Ceramic Panels and Solar Thermal Panels in Mediterranean Housing Blocks

Radiant surface conditioning systems based on capillary tube mats not only provide high standards of comfort, but they also generate substantial energy savings. These systems allow for using renewable energies such as solar thermal panels because they function with water at moderate temperatures—lower in winter and higher in summer—compared to fan-coil systems or hot water radiator systems. Moreover, in summer, they can be combined with solar cooling systems based on lithium chloride or absorption systems based on lithium bromide, which enable the cooling of water at 15–16 °C by means of solar thermal panel energy collection. This further reduces the annual energy. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of thermal ceramic panels (TCP) containing prolipropylen (PPR) capillary tube mats, in residential buildings in the Spanish Mediterranean. The water distribution system was set up individually from a heat pump and was combined with a community system of solar thermal panels. After monitoring a home over a complete one-year cycle, the annual energy demand was quantified through simulations, based on both the radiant system and the VRV system, as well as in combination with a thermal solar panel system. TCP panels reduced the annual energy demands by 31.48%, and the additional investment cost of €11,497 could be amortized over 23.31 years. The combination of TCP panels with 18.5 m2 of solar thermal panels reduced the annual energy demand by 69.47%, and the investment of €20,534 of additional cost could be amortized over 15.67 years. The energy consumptions of installation elements were also comparatively quantified.This study was part of a research project led by the Centre for Industrial Technical Development (CDTI), called “Research and design of constructive solutions for the energy improvement of buildings”, reference IDI-20110240, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), requested for the period 2011–2013 by ECISA, General Company of Constructions S.A., based on an agreement (Reference ECISA1-10Y) with the University of Alicante

Energy Efficiency of Ventilated Façades: Residential Buildings, Alicante, Spain

Ventilated façades with external thermal insulation contribute to the construction, in certain climatologies, of a great energetic efficiency in the thermal envelope of the building. This façade allows to eliminate the thermal bridges, reduce the energy demand and improve the level of comfort. These pages describe the research carried out in an isolated residential block in the city centre of Alicante. The house has two façades with different orientation: a ventilated façade (north) and a conventional façade (south). The first one is solved with two sheets of brick, the air camera, the external continuous insulation, the ventilated chamber and the pieces of porcelain stoneware to the outside. The conventional one consists of two sheets with intermediate thermal insulation. The outer sheet is composed of facing brick and the inner sheet by hollow brick of minor thickness with plaster. This system was correct according to the norm NBE-CT-79, but it has been shown that it is insufficient to reach the levels of habitability and the comfort of the current society. The two façades, as well as their adjacent living spaces, have been monitored over a period of two years. Internal and external temperature and humidity, solar radiation, air velocity in the ventilated chamber and surface temperature of each of the material layers of the sections have been obtained. A thermographic study of the two chambers was carried out to determine the thermal bridges and the air infiltration. Through the use of energy simulation tools, comparative results of some parameters have been obtained in both constructive solutions, such as thermal transmissions, average radiant temperatures, operating temperatures or energy demands. By that, we can obtain the conclusions of thermal comfort levels and energy savings of ventilated façades

Los programas de escuela taller. Una aproximación conceptual al modelo educativo del aprendizaje-servicio

Las Escuelas Taller son programas educativos para jóvenes que, desde el año 1985, desarrollan una formación profesional para el empleo. Estos programas utilizan metodologías eminentemente prácticas a través de la realización de obras y servicios que responden a un interés social. Por otra parte, el aprendizaje-servicio (service-learning) se presenta como un modelo educativo cuya metodología ofrece contrastadas ventajas educativas. La presencia de algunos aspectos comunes entre ambas metodologías puede llevar a considerar los programas de Escuela Taller como uno de los programas que utilizan el modelo educativo del Aprendizaje-Servicio y, por lo tanto, como una válida opción a utilizar desde la Orientación Profesional en los centros de Educación Secundaria

El viaje de Winkle. Educación de la complejidad de medio ambiente para jóvenes de 12-13 años

Se explica la complejidad para alumnado de 12-13 año

Healthy climate and energy savings: using thermal ceramic panels and solar thermal panels in mediterranean housing blocks

Radiant surface conditioning systems based on capillary tube mats not only provide high standards of comfort, but they also generate substantial energy savings. These systems allow for using renewable energies such as solar thermal panels because they function with water at moderate temperatures¿lower in winter and higher in summer¿compared to fan-coil systems or hot water radiator systems. Moreover, in summer, they can be combined with solar cooling systems based on lithium chloride or absorption systems based on lithium bromide, which enable the cooling of water at 15¿16 C by means of solar thermal panel energy collection. This further reduces the annual energy. The purpose of this study was to examine the application of thermal ceramic panels (TCP) containing prolipropylen (PPR) capillary tube mats, in residential buildings in the Spanish Mediterranean. The water distribution system was set up individually from a heat pump and was combined with a community system of solar thermal panels. After monitoring a home over a complete one-year cycle, the annual energy demand was quantified through simulations, based on both the radiant system and the VRV system, as well as in combination with a thermal solar panel system. TCP panels reduced the annual energy demands by 31.48%, and the additional investment cost of  11,497 could be amortized over 23.31 years. The combination of TCP panels with 18.5 m2 of solar thermal panels reduced the annual energy demand by 69.47%, and the inv