Comparison of rumination between men and women with obsessive- compulsive disorder and social anxiety disorder: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: Ruminations are one of the influencing factors in the development and continuation of obsessive-compulsive disorder and social phobias. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the rumination between man and women with obsessive-compulsive disorder and social anxiety. Materials & Methods: The research design was cross-sectional. The research participants included 30 patients with social anxiety disorder and 30 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder who were aged between 15 and 50 years from Zanjan city in 2017. Samples were selected on the basis of psychiatrist diagnosis and structured diagnostic interviews (SCID-I) and (SCID-II), and the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The rumination response style questionnaire (RRS) was used to measure the variables. Results: The results of MANOVA showed that women with OCD have more rumination and distraction than men with this disorder (p≤0.05). However, there was no significant difference between two groups regarding the component of contemplation. There was no significant difference between men and women in social anxiety disorder in terms of rumination and its related components. Conclusion: According to research findings, rumination plays an important role in obsessive-compulsive disorder and social anxiety, which are experienced by both groups. Therefore, the role of ruminations in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder is more intense. &nbsp

Identification of a novel RUNX2 gene mutation and early diagnosis of CCD in a cleidocranial dysplasia suspected Iranian family

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Optimization of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Production in Probiotics Extracted from Local Dairy Products in West Region of Iran using MRS broth and Whey Protein Media

Background and objective: Gamma-aminobutyric acid is a non-protein amino acid produced by lactic acid bacteria in fermented foods and includes unique functions in the human biological system. The aim of this study was optimization of culture media for gamma-aminobutyric acid production in probiotics extracted from local dairy products in west of Iran using two culture media of MRS broth and whey protein.Material and methods: The potential of gamma-aminobutyric acid production was assessed in Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococos acidilactici, respectively extracted from doogh, yogurt and cheese using MRS broth and whey protein media and high performance liquid chromatography. To increase gamma-aminobutyric acid production, these media were optimized as pH (4-6), temperature (30-50°C), time (12-72 h) and glutamic acid concentration (25-250 mM).Results and conclusion: Results have shown that Lactobacillus plantarum extracted from doogh includes the highest potential of gamma-aminobutyric acid production (115.24 mg kg-1) under the following conditions of a culture temperature of 37°C, incubation time 60 h at pH 5 in MRS broth containing 50 mM of glutamic acid. After optimization of Lactobacillus plantarum media, gamma-aminobutyric acid production increased to 170.492 mg kg-1. The optimum conditions included a glutamic acid concentration of 250 mM, culture temperature at 37.27°C, pH=5.19 and an incubation time of 72 h. Based on the results, use of local isolated dairy products in west region of Iran and optimization of growth conditions increased the ability of gamma-aminobutyric acid production.Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest

Investigating the Relationship between Resilience and the Situation of Risk in the Face of Natural Disasters

Creating cities resilient in multiple dimensions could be appropriate and economic thanks to strengthening town structure to alter crises and natural and unnatural hazards. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the connection between the resilience in the city of Sari and the risk situation towards natural disasters. Data analysis with geographic information system (GIS), Decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and analytic network process (ANP) is carried out. The variables studied to explain the resilience of the city of Sari are the conditions of open spaces, incompatible land uses, land bed, building resistance, access, property, density, which are evaluated in the presented paradigm. After collecting the scores and multiplying the scores by the coefficients obtained from the statistical procedures of an urban resilience model, the final computation of urban resilience in Sari was performed. The results show that its value has been calculated as 5.44398, which shows that there is an urgent need to develop programs and reform structures to increase the level of resilience in this urban area. One of the effective factors in urban resilience is the high level of social participation in crisis, which is necessary in this area. It is suggested to create educational programs in the community, so that they can maximize the level of communication and participation of employees

Recurrent high-risk pulmonary thromboembolism treated with repeated thrombolytic therapy could be helpful for certain patients: a case report and review of the literature

Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is considered the third most frequent acute cardiovascular syndrome behind myocardial infarction and stroke, with annual incidence rates ranging from 39 to 115 per 100,000 people and ranking high among the causes of cardiovascular mortality. High-risk PTE is characterised by haemodynamic instability and encompasses clinical manifestations such as cardiac arrest, obstructive shock and persistent hypotension. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommends a reperfusion strategy with systemic thrombolytic therapy for high-risk PTE under class I, level B if there are no contraindications. Overall, unsuccessful thrombolytic therapy and recurrent PTE have been reported in 8% of patients with high-risk PTE. The guidelines recommend surgical pulmonary embolectomy if thrombolysis is contraindicated or has failed. The position of repeated thrombolytic therapy as a treatment option in patients with recurrent high-risk PTE, especially in situations with a lack of surgical expertise or resources, was not mentioned in the guidelines. We report the case of a patient who suffered a recurrent high-risk PTE and was treated with repeated thrombolytic therapy that was effective and resulted in excellent outcomes

STUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TRAUMATIC INJURIES RESULTING FROM TRAFFIC ACCIDENT BY USING DATA MINING

Introduction: One of the most important health problems is road traffic accident. Brain traumatic injury caused by crashes is the first cause of mortality among young people. Capabilities of Data Mining methods to find factor affecting and the prediction therapeutic outcomes leads to the improvement and effectiveness of the services. The aim of this study was to find the Factors affecting mortality in patients with brain traumatic injuries resulting from traffic accident by using the C5.0 decision tree and Bayesian network data mining methods. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the population of this study was 106 records of patients with brain traumatic injury caused by traffic accident referred to Khatam-al-Anbia hospital in Zahedan city. Data were collected with a researcher-made checklist that was prepared in consultation with experts in this field and review of previous studies. The validity of this checklist was confirmed by three health information technology experts. Data were analyzed by using two software SPSS MODELER 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 24. Results:  The accuracy of C5.0 decision tree and Bayesian network were 84.9% and 74.5% obtained. The most important variables that affect the death of accidental patients include Type of lesions, the work of the person in an accident (driver, passenger, pedestrian), accident location (inside or outside the city), and age of the patient. According to the result of this study, the type of lesions with the cause of death (p-value=0.024) is statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of C5.0 decision tree and Bayesian network showed the most important and effective variable is type of lesions. Hence, by predicting the factors affecting in death of brain traumatic patients, healthcare provider with timely action can reduce the death and irreparable of  injuries to these patients.   &nbsp

Magnocellular based visual motion training improves reading in Persian

The visual magnocellular system is thought to play a crucial role in learning to read. Here therefore, we examined whether magnocellular based training could improve reading in children with visual reading problems. The participants were 24 male primary school students aged between 9-11 (Mean = 9.76, SD = 0.59) with specific reading difficulty. Experimental and control groups were matched for age, sex, educational level, IQ, reading abilities (measured by APRA), magnocellular performance as assessed by a random dot kinematogram (RDK) paradigm and recordings of their saccadic eye movements. The experimental group received twelve magnocellular based visual motion training sessions, twice a week over 6 weeks. During the same period, the control group played a video game with the help of a practitioner. All measures were made just prior to the training and were repeated at the 6th, 12th training session and one month later. The experimental group showed significant improvements in magnocellular function, visual errors and reading accuracy during the course of intervention. Follow-up assessment confirmed that these effects persisted one month later. Impaired magnocellular functioning appeared to be an important cause of poor reading in Persian. Hence magnocellular based training could help many children with specific reading difficulties. Also testing magnocellular function could be used as screening tool for detecting dyslexia before a child begins to fail at school

Experiences of Surgical Technology Students of Their First Appearance in the Operating Room

Background: Clinical education is a critical stage of education and plays a major role in shaping students’ professional competencies. The clinical learning environment has a complex nature and has a significant impact on students, especially newly admitted ones. Thus, the initial experience in clinical settings will significantly affect the student’s performance. To this end, this study sought to explore the experiences of surgical technology students of their first appearance in the operating room.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants were 15 second- and third-semester students of surgical technology who entered the study through purposive sampling. The data were collected through individual interviews. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data collection through Colaizzi’s seven-step content analysis method.Results: A total of 101 primary codes were extracted from the collected data. The extracted codes were grouped into 7 subcategories. After removing duplicate codes, 3 main themes were revealed from the participants’ experiences (conflicting perceptions in the learning environment, preparedness before attending the operating room, and feelings and emotions).Conclusion: The students’ experiences of their first appearance in the operating room indicated that their expectations changed compared to what they imagined. The stressful nature of surgical technology and the students’ experiences when starting the internship highlight the need for some necessary measures to prepare students before entering the hospital and to improve the quality of clinical education for these students