Cooperative Wool Marketing in South Dakota

The question of orderly marketing and cooperative marketing is foremost in the minds of agricultural leaders today. There is perhaps no agricultural commodity so susceptible to orderly marketing as wool. It is consumed throughout the whole year, but usually marketed by the producer in six weeks to two month\u27s time. This practice of marketing the greater part of the Nation\u27s wool clip in so short a time has encouraged the rapid growth of wool buyers and speculators, who buy up the wool when there is but little market demand and hold it to sell later when supplies are short. There are some 5,000 wool speculators operating today in the United States. A smaller number could in all probability handle the selling of the wool just as efficiently with less expense, if producers would change their methods of marketing. The producer of wool is entitled to the price paid by the consumer less the minimum cost of marketing. This will never be possible under the present methods of marketing practiced by most wool growers. It is possible, however, by marketing wool cooperatively, for here lies the opportunity of putting the wool into the hands of the manufacturer at a minimum cost. Through orderly marketing the wool can be sold when mill demand develops and these savings reflected to the producer of wool

A finite element method for the computation of transonic flow past airfoils

A finite element method for the computation of the transonic flow with shocks past airfoils is presented using the artificial viscosity concept for the local supersonic regime. Generally, the classic element types do not meet the accuracy requirements of advanced numerical aerodynamics requiring special attention to the choice of an appropriate element. A series of computed pressure distributions exhibits the usefulness of the method

Step in the Organization of a Cooperative Marketing Association

In almost every community there is someone agitating the formation of a cooperative marketing association. Sometimes it is just spite work on the part of the agitator, because he had a disagreement with the local buyer. On the other hand, many times the party in question has a genuine interest in cooperative marketing and really wants to see an organization formed for the good of the community. It is seldom advisable to call a meeting of farmers as soon as someone makes the suggestion of organizing a cooperative organization. As a rule it will be found, if a meeting is called right away, that the interest lies only with a few which discourages further work on the proposition. It is advisable to give the discussion plenty of time to grow so that one farmer will hear it from another. In this way interest will be created and plenty of time will be allowed for thinking the proposition over. After the discussion has reached a point where action seems advisable, someone interested can ask the county agent to call a meeting or if there is no county agent, can call it himself. All those who have expressed themselves as favorable should be asked to attend

A finite volume method for calculating transonic potential flow around wings from the pressure minimum integral

Analysis of the pressure minimum integral in the calculation of three-dimensional potential flow around wings makes it possible to use non-rectangular mesh networks for distributing the three-dimensional potential into discrete points. The method is comparatively easily expanded to the treatment of realistic airplane configurations. Shock-pressure affected pressure distributions on any wings are determined with accuracy using this method

Pathophysiologie des Kapnoperitoneums: Implikationen für Beatmung und Hämodynamik

Zusammenfassung: Die laparoskopische Chirurgie wurde Anfang der 50er Jahre für gynäkologische Eingriffe eingeführt. Mit verbesserter Technik erweiterte sich das Spektrum in den letzten Jahrzehnten beträchtlich. Es wurden zunehmend komplexere und länger dauernde Operationen durchgeführt. Als Vorteile gegenüber offener Chirurgie wurden eine Reduktion der postoperativen Schmerzen, bessere kosmetische Ergebnisse, raschere Erholung und die Verkürzung der Krankenhausverweildauer angeführt. Infolgedessen wird die Laparoskopie mittlerweile auch bei immer älteren Patienten mit entsprechenden pulmonalen sowie kardiovaskulären Komorbiditäten und in der Chirurgie für adipöse Patienten eingesetzt. Eine sichere Anästhesieführung setzt detaillierte Kenntnisse der Pathophysiologie des Kapnoperitoneums voraus, insbesondere im Hinblick auf dessen respiratorische und hämodynamische Konsequenzen. Der Übersichtsartikel diskutiert die wichtigsten Effekte des Kapnoperitoneums und stellt aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse sowie deren Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten in der klinischen Praxis da

The Thisness of Nowness and the Highness of Man: A Contribution to Existentialist Thought

A tongue-in-cheek send-up of certain aspects of existentialism written by a well-known logician and philosopher who had a serious affair with existentialism in his youth. It was never submitted for publication and is finally being made available here posthumously with the permission of Helen Eberle. To the best of my recollection it was written some time in the mid/late 1980s. -- Gary H. Merril

Replica-Aware Co-Scheduling for Mixed-Criticality

Cross-layer fault-tolerance solutions are the key to effectively and efficiently increase the reliability in future safety-critical real-time systems. Replicated software execution with hardware support for error detection is a cross-layer approach that exploits future many-core platforms to increase reliability without resorting to redundancy in hardware. The performance of such systems, however, strongly depends on the scheduler. Standard schedulers, such as Partitioned~Strict Priority Preemptive (SPP) and Time-Division Multiplexing (TDM)-based ones, although widely employed, provide poor performance in face of replicated execution. In this paper, we propose the replica-aware co-scheduling for mixed-critical systems. Experimental results show schedulability improvements of more than 1.5x when compared to TDM and 6.9x when compared to SPP

Laser Doppler velocimeter aerial spray measurements

An experimental research program for measuring the location, spatial extent, and relative concentration of airborne spray clouds generated by agricultural aircraft is described. The measurements were conducted with a ground-based laser Doppler velocimeter. The remote sensing instrumentation, experimental tests, and the results of the flight tests are discussed. The cross section of the aerial spray cloud and the observed location, extent, and relative concentration of the airborne particulates are presented. It is feasible to use a mobile laser Doppler velocimeter to track and monitor the transport and dispersion of aerial spray generated by an agricultural aircraft

Ultrasound mapping of lymph node and subcutaneous metastases in patients with cutaneous melanoma: Results of a prospective multicenter study

Background: Ultrasound (sonography, B-mode sonography, ultrasonography) examination improves the sensitivity in more than 25% compared to the clinical palpation, especially after surgery on the regional lymph node area. Objective: To evaluate the distribution of metastases during follow-up in the draining lymph node areas from the scar of primary to regional lymph nodes ( head and neck, supraclavicular, axilla, infraclavicular, groin) in patients with cutaneous melanoma with or without sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or former elective or consecutive complete lymph node dissection in case of positive sentinel lymph node (CLND). Methods: Prospective multicenter study of the Departments of Dermatology of the Universities of Homburg/Saar, Tubingen and Munich (Germany) in which the distribution of lymph node and subcutaneous metastases were mapped from the scar of primary to the lymphatic drainage region in 53 melanoma patients ( 23 women, 30 men; median age: 64 years; median tumor thickness: 1.99 mm) with known primary, visible lymph nodes or subcutaneous metastases proven by ultrasound and histopathology during the follow-up. Results: Especially in the axilla, infraclavicular region and groin the metastases were not limited to the anatomic lymph node regions. In 5 patients (9.4%) ( 4 of them were in stage IV) lymph node metastases were not located in the corresponding lymph node area. 32 patients without former SLNB had a time range between melanoma excision and lymph node metastases of 31 months ( median), 21 patients with SLNB had 18 months ( p < 0.005). In 11 patients with positive SLNB the time range was 17 months, in 10 patients with negative SLNB 21 months ( p < 0.005); in 32 patients with CLND the time range was 31 m< 0.005). In thinner melanomas lymph node metastases occurred later ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: After surgery of cutaneous melanoma, SLNB and CLND the lymphatic drainage can show significant changes which should be considered in clinical and ultrasound follow-up examinations. Especially for high-risk melanoma patients follow-up examinations should be performed at intervals of 3 months in the first years. Patients at stage IV should be examined in all regional lymph node areas clinically and by ultrasound. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel