Screening of reservoir types for decision-making on the application of intelligent wells

Abstract unavailable please refer to PD

Development and Validation of the Perception of Labor Pain Questionnaire among Iranian Women

Background: Women’s perceptions of childbirth pain have not been measured adequately. The current study aimed to develop and validate the Iranian Women’s Perception of the Labor Pain Questionnaire. Methods: The study included three phases. In the first phase, women’s perception of labor pain was explored and analyzed using content analysis. Then, an item pool was generated based on the results of the first phase. Lastly, psychometric properties of the scale were evaluated. The reliability and validity of the scale was determined. Results: Findings of the qualitative phase generated a pool of 63 items. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was calculated for each item and they were satisfactory in an acceptable range. After confirming the content and construct validity, 31 items were retained. Finally, the exploratory factor analysis displayed a five-factor structure for this scale. Perception of Labor Pain Questionnaire and subscale scores showed a good test-retest reliability (Interclass Coefficient, 0.96, P<0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha for the Perception of Labor Pain Questionnaire scores was 0.80 and for subscales it ranged from 0.68 to 0.83. Conclusion: This scale developed a multidimensional, valid, and reliable instrument to evaluate the women’s perceptions of labor pain

Invandrarelevers matematikbetyg - Faktorer som påverkar matematikbetyget för elever med utländsk eller invandrarbakgrund

Flera rapporter visar att elever med utländsk eller invandrarbakgrund har sämre matematikbetyg jämfört med deras svenska kamrater. Olika faktorer ges som orsak till detta, däribland föräldrarnas låga utbildning, attitydskillnader och språksvårigheter. Detta examensarbete har genom bl.a. intervjuer undersökt några faktorer som kan ha betydelse för icke svenska elevers matematikbetyg. Resultaten i detta arbete visar bl.a. att elever med utländsk eller invandrarbakgrund kan ha en misstro till samhället, då många anser att deras föräldrar inte har yrken som motsvarar sin utbildning. De intervjuade eleverna med utländsk eller invandrarbakgrund i denna studie visade ingen negativ attityd till matematik, men flertalet av dem ansåg att bl.a. språket ibland kunde vara en begränsning för deras matematikbetyg. Skolans ansvar att ta tillvara icke svenska elevers erfarenhet belyses också

Molecular study and nucleotide sequencing of Chlamydia abortus isolated from aborted sheep fetuses ewes of Alborz province

Chlamydia is an obligate intracellular and gram negative coccobacilli and one of the most important causes of abortion in ruminants especially in ewes. This investigation was performed with the purpose of molecular study and sequencing of Chlamydia abortus isolated from aborted sheep fetuses of Alborz Province. In this study, DNA extraction was performed on 100 samples from aborted fetuses of 32 sheep flocks from different areas of Alborz province. Then using specific primers of gene IGS-Sr- RNA, polymerase chain reaction was conducted and 10 samples were selected randomly from the positive cases were sent to Macrogene company in Korea for sequencing. In this study, 37 samples from a total of 100 aborted fetuses were positive for Chlamydia abortus. After sequencing, more than 99 percent of the positive samples were similar with sequences in gene bank. The sequencing results indicated that the samples were very similar to isolates LN554882/1, AF051935/1 and CR848038/1 of the gene bank and were in the same cluster. Also, this investigation indicated that Chlamydia abortus is one of the main reasons of ewe abortion in Alborz province

Hospitals’ Readiness to Implement Clinical Governance

Background: Quality of health services is one of the most important factors for delivery of these services. Regarding the importance and vital role of quality in the health sector, a concept known as “Clinical Governance” (CG) has been introduced into the health area which aims to enhance quality of health services. Thus, this study aimed to assess private and public hospitals’ readiness to implement CG in Iran. Methods:This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 2012. Four hundred thirty participants including doctors, nurses, diagnostic departments personnel, and support staff were chosen randomly from four hospitals (equally divided into private and public hospitals). Clinical Governance Climate Questionnaire (CGCQ) was used for data collection. Finally, data were entered into the SPSS 18 and were analyzed using statistical methods. Results: Among the CG dimensions, “organizational learning” and “planned and integrated quality improvement program” scored the highest and the lowest respectively for both types of hospitals. Hospitals demonstrated the worst condition with regard to the latter dimension. Furthermore, both types of hospitals had positive picture regarding “training and development opportunities”. Private hospitals scored better than public ones in all dimensions but there was only a significant difference in “proactive risk management” dimension between both types of hospitals (P< 0.05). Conclusion:Hospitals’ readiness for CG implementation was “average or weak”. In order to implement CG successfully, it is essential to have a quality-centered culture, a culture specified by less paperwork, more selfsufficiency, and flexibility in hospitals’ affairs as well as centring on shared vision and goals with an emphasis on continuous improvement and innovation

The effect of adipose-derived stem cells on the survival of diced cartilage graft in rabbits

Backgrounds and Aims: The use of diced cartilage grafts in rhinoplasty in recent years, have been considered by most plastic surgeons. However, long-term resorption usually occurs. The aim of this study was to Examine the effects of adipose-derived stem cells on the viability of diced cartilage grafts. Materials and Methods: In this study, 10 New Zealand White male rabbits, weighing 2000-2500 g, approximately 12 to 16 weeks of age were used.Stem cells was harvested from inguinal adipose tissue of each rabbits. Grafts placed subcutaneously along the dorsal midline. Stem cells were injected in one side and the other side was control. The cartilage weights were recorded both before implantation and after explantation. Evaluation of living chondrocytes was conducted 12 weeks after implantation. Results: The mean difference of cartilage weights was varied between two groups (intervention and control sides); So that the average was significantly higher in stem cell side than that in the control side (p=0.021). The average number of live chondrocytes was significantly higher in the intervention side than the control side (p<0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that adipose-derived stem cells can maintain the viability of diced cartilage, although the exact mechanism remains to be defined. Because adipose-derived stem cells are autologous and easy to harvest, they may be useful for improving the long-term outcomes of diced cartilage grafting