UZMANLIK ÖĞRENCİSİ DOKTORLARIN TEMEL YAŞAM DESTEĞİ BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİ VE BUNU ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the current status and factors affecting the level of knowledge regarding basic life support (BLS) measured in resident physicians in Dokuz Eylül University Medical School (DEUMS), Turkey. Material and methods: Between December 2002 and February 2003, 300 resident physicians working in DEUMS were included to the study. A questionnaire comprising the demographic data and factors that may affect the level of BLS knowledge was given to the subjects. Resident physicians' success levels were measured by acceptable level of performance (ALP) technique. Data collected from each questionnaire were analyzed with chi-square (χ2) and one-way ANOVA tests. Results: Three hundred resident physicians from 33 different departments in DEUMS participated in this study. The subjects whose mean age was 27.4±0.3 and were composed of 176 (58.6 %) male and 124 (41.4 %) female resident physicians. Male and female resident physicians' mean number of correct answers was 8.77±0.20 and 9.30±0.23 respectively, and the overall mean was 8.99±0.15. Subjects that answered nine or more questions correctly were regarded as successful according to the mean calculated ALP score which was 8.76. Only 54.7 % (n=164) of the resident physicians were found successful. Conclusions: BLS success rates of resident physicians in DEUMS showed that although BLS trainings carried out in medical schools in Turkey might be regarded as sufficient, BLS level of knowledge of resident physicians was found insufficient due to the lack of postgraduate or in-service training. Pre- and post-graduate BLS trainings need to be more frequently repeated by resident physicians. Amaç: Bu çalışmada Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi'nde (DEÜTF) görev yapan uzmanlık öğrencisi doktorların temel yaşam düzeyi (TYD) bilgi düzeylerini ve bunu etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Aralık 2002 ve Şubat 2003 arasında DEÜTF'deki 33 farklı disiplinden 300 uzmanlık öğrencisi doktor çalışmaya dahil edildi. Katılımcılara demografik bilgilerini ve TYD bilgi düzeylerini etkileyebilecek soruları içeren bir anket verildi. Başarı düzeyleri kabul edilebilir performans seviyesi ölçütü kullanılarak belirlendi. Anketlerden toplanan veriler kikare (χ2) ve tek yönlü ANOVA testleriyle değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların 176'sı (%58,6) erkek ve 124'ü (%41,4) kadın, ortalama yaşları 27,4 ± 0,3 bulundu. Tüm katılımcıların ortalama doğru cevap oranları 8,99 ± 0,15 bulundu. Bilgi sorularından dokuz ve daha fazlasını doğru cevaplandıran doktorlar hesaplanan kabul edilebilir performans seviyesine (8,76) göre başarılı kabul edildiler. Buna göre sadece %54,7 (n=164) uzmanlık öğrencisi doktorun TYD bilgi düzeyleri başarılı olarak tespit edildi. Acil tıp ve Anesteziyoloji AD'larında, klinik AD'larında çalışan ve mezuniyet sonrası TYD eğitimi alan katılımcıların başarı düzeyleri anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: DEÜTF'de görev yapan uzmanlık öğrencisi doktorların TYD bilgi düzeyleri yetersizdir. TYD bilgi düzeyinin iyileştirilmesi için mezuniyet sonrası ve hizmet içi eğitimlerin daha sık aralarla yapılmasıyla iyileştirilebilir

Modelling Shared Bicycle Demand Using Artificial Neural Networks

Since bicycles are based entirely on muscle power, they are the transportation vehicles with the lowest negative impact on the environment. In addition, since they are an active mode of transportation, they are also named among the leading modes in terms of sustainability. They are also the leading vehicles types among the micromobility systems, which can be considered as small-sized and individual transportation modes, in terms of their historical background as well as purchasing and operating costs. Today, bicycle ridership rates are increasing thanks to the bike-sharing or rental services provided by both local governments and companies in the private sector. Traveling by bicycle, rather than using a motor vehicle, has a positive effect on the natural environment as it does not cause pollutant gas emissions and effects the traffic jams minimally. It is crucial to investigate the periodic changes in the use of shared bicycle systems, especially in order to define the factors that affect this modal shift and to predict the demand for bicycle use in the future. Within the scope of the developed study, the changes in bicycle use and various factors affecting it were investigated in 4 of the cities in which one of Turkey's leading companies in micromobility provides bicycle sharing services. The values regarding bicycle use were then modelled using artificial neural networks. Thanks to the developed model, it will be possible to predict the number of future trips in the cities where bike sharing service is provided and the periodic changes of these trips, as well as to make estimations about the passenger demand that will arise in a city where the new service will be provided.This study has been prepared with the contribution of Yapidrom Technology JSC and with the support from the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under the RECIPROCITY Project (Grant NO 101006576)

Effect of Korean Red Ginseng on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Objective:Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most important problems affecting both social and professional life of patients. There is no treatment method considered to be successful on the hearing loss that has become a permanent nature. Aim of this study is to evaluate protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) against NIHL in an animal model.Methods:Twenty-eight rats were separated into four groups [control saline (group I), control KRG (group II), saline + noise (group III), KRG + noise (group IV)]. Rats in the saline and KRG groups were fed via oral gavage with a dose of 200 mg/kg/day throughout for 10 days. Fourteen rats (group III and IV) were exposed to 4 kHz octave band noise at 120 dB SPL for 5 hours. Hearing levels of rats were evaluated by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 32 kHz frequencies prior to and on days 1, 7 and 10 after the noise exposure. Rats were sacrificed on 10th day, after the last audiological test. Cochlea and spiral ganglion tissues were evaluated by light microscopy.Results:Audiological and histological results demonstrated that after noise the group IV showed better results than group III. In the noise exposed groups, the most prominent damage was seen at the 8 kHz frequency region than other regions. After the noise exposure, DPOAE responses were lost in 1st, 7th and 10th measurements in both group III and IV. Thus, we were not able to perform any statistical analyses for DPOAE results.Conclusion:Our findings suggest that KRG seems to be an efficient agent against NIHL. There is need for additional research to find out about the mechanisms of KRG’s protective effect