Investigation of dichlorvos (DDVP) and trifluralin pesticide levels in Tahtalı Dam Water

Thesis (Master)--İzmir Institute of Technology, Chemistry, İzmir, 2002Includes bibliographical references (leaves: 58-66)Text in English; Abstract: Turkish and Englishxi, 62 leavesIn this study, dichlorvos (Dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate - DDVP) and trifluralin (.,.,.-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidin) pesticide concentration levels in Tahtalı Dam Water were investigated. Dichlorvos is an organophosphorus pesticide, whereas Trifluralin is a dinitroaniline pesticide.Both of these pesticides are widely used for agricultural purposes in Tahtalı Dam Basin. These pesticides could be carried to the Tahtalı Dam Water, and therefore their concentrations should be controlled.Another reason why these pesticides were selected was that, their method of determination was not straightforward and special determination technique has to be used. That is why these pesticides were not studied extensively for İzmir area.For the determination of the above-mentioned pesticides, gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) was generally preferred as reported in most papers [1,2,3].The GC-MS instrument in our laboratory has an Ion Trap (IT) mass detector. Operating in Selected Ion Storage (SIS) or Tandem mass (MS-MS) modes can increase the sensitivity and selectivity of this instrument. The matrix effect coming from the aqueous solution was eliminated by GC-SIS-MS and GC-MS-MS. The detection limits of the instrument are 0.8 .g/L for trifluralin and 10.5 .g/L for dichlorvos, therefore a preconcentration process was required because the studied concentrations are in 1-3 .g/L levels for surface water and 0.1 .g/L levels for drinking water.Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) and Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) methods were used for sample preconcentration. Gas chromatography (GC) - Mass spectrometry (MS) and Tandem mass spectrometry (MS.MS) were employed for the identification and quantification of Trifluralin and Dichlorvos (DDVP) pesticides. For Solid Phase Extraction procedure ENVI-18 Disk was used, optimizing the extraction volume, pH and the salt concentration. Liquid-Liquid extraction procedure was also used, optimizing the extraction volume. In GC.MS.MS, the lowest detectable concentrations for the Trifluralin and Dichlorvos were found as 0.8 ng/L and 10.5 ng/L, respectively.Recovery of Dichlorvos for Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Solid Phase Extraction were 86.0 (±5.4) % and 63.0 (±5.7) % in water samples spiked with 200 ng/L pesticides.Recovery of the Trifluralin for Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Solid Phase Extraction were 90.8 (±9.4) % and 107.5 (±4.5) % in water samples spiked with 200 ng/L pesticides.Water samples, which were collected between 01 June 2002 to 30 September 2002 by İZSU (İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Su ve Kanalizasyon Genel Müdürlüğü), were analyzed using GC-MS system with tandem mass (MS-MS) mode after preconcentration process. Analysis of samples showed no detectable Trifluralin and Dichlorvos levels in Tahtalı Dam Water

Muhasebe, Denetim ve Bağımsız Denetimin Gerekliliği

Development and growth in a country depends on success of organizations which are constituted by the citizens of that country. Organizations' success depends on a sound accounting and auditing mechanism in the country, and technical background of accounting and auditing system. In the absence of accounting and auditing system, we can't expect to have it has a strong law pattern, system and technique. Accounting is responsible to put in order numeral records of organizations and associations economic activities as appropriate and coherent with General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). As for auditing is a sistematic work which searches as neutral with its evidences weather true nature of economic events are included in registrations belong to General Accepted Accounting Principles and related law then bring a conclusion and last approve it. It's very important to be registered the tax evasion and unregistered economy which are important diffuculties to progress of countries. It can be by fine operated accounting pattern and its effective auditing. As for effectiveness of audit can be provide by independence of audit, independent audit.Bir ülkenin gelişmesi ve büyümesi, o ülkede yaşayanların oluşturduğu örgütlerin başarısına bağlıdır. Örgütlerin başarısı ise, muhasebenin hukuksal altyapısı ile uygulanacak muhasebe ve denetim tekniklerine bağlıdır. Bir ülkede muhasebe ve denetim mekanizması yoksa, o ülkenin sağlam bir muhasebe hukuku düzeni, sistemi ve tekniği olduğundan bahsedemeyiz. Muhasebe sistemi, kurum ve kuruluşların ekonomik faaliyetlerinin rakamsal kayıtlarını Genel Kabul Görmüş Muhasebe İlkeleri (GKGMİ)'ne uygun ve tutarlı bir şekilde düzenlemekle yükümlüdür. Denetim ise, ekonomik olayların gerçek mahiyetinin ilgili mevzuat ve GKGMİ'ne uygun olarak, kayıtlarda yer alıp almadığını tarafsız olarak delilleri ile araştırıp sonuçlandıran ve onaylayan sistematik bir çalışmadır. Ülkelerin kalkınmasında önemli engeller olan vergi kaçağının önlenmesi ve kayıt dışı ekonominin kayıtlı hale getirilmesi çok önemlidir. Bu da ancak iyi işleyen bir muhasebe düzeni ve onun etkin bir şekilde denetimi ile olur. Denetimin etkinliği ise, bağımsız denetim ile sağlanabilir

Muhasebe, Denetim ve Bağımsız Denetimin Gerekliliği

Development and growth in a country depends on success of organizations which are constituted by the citizens of that country. Organizations' success depends on a sound accounting and auditing mechanism in the country, and technical background of accounting and auditing system. In the absence of accounting and auditing system, we can't expect to have it has a strong law pattern, system and technique. Accounting is responsible to put in order numeral records of organizations and associations economic activities as appropriate and coherent with General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). As for auditing is a sistematic work which searches as neutral with its evidences weather true nature of economic events are included in registrations belong to General Accepted Accounting Principles and related law then bring a conclusion and last approve it. It's very important to be registered the tax evasion and unregistered economy which are important diffuculties to progress of countries. It can be by fine operated accounting pattern and its effective auditing. As for effectiveness of audit can be provide by independence of audit, independent audit.Bir ülkenin gelişmesi ve büyümesi, o ülkede yaşayanların oluşturduğu örgütlerin başarısına bağlıdır. Örgütlerin başarısı ise, muhasebenin hukuksal altyapısı ile uygulanacak muhasebe ve denetim tekniklerine bağlıdır. Bir ülkede muhasebe ve denetim mekanizması yoksa, o ülkenin sağlam bir muhasebe hukuku düzeni, sistemi ve tekniği olduğundan bahsedemeyiz. Muhasebe sistemi, kurum ve kuruluşların ekonomik faaliyetlerinin rakamsal kayıtlarını Genel Kabul Görmüş Muhasebe İlkeleri (GKGMİ)'ne uygun ve tutarlı bir şekilde düzenlemekle yükümlüdür. Denetim ise, ekonomik olayların gerçek mahiyetinin ilgili mevzuat ve GKGMİ'ne uygun olarak, kayıtlarda yer alıp almadığını tarafsız olarak delilleri ile araştırıp sonuçlandıran ve onaylayan sistematik bir çalışmadır. Ülkelerin kalkınmasında önemli engeller olan vergi kaçağının önlenmesi ve kayıt dışı ekonominin kayıtlı hale getirilmesi çok önemlidir. Bu da ancak iyi işleyen bir muhasebe düzeni ve onun etkin bir şekilde denetimi ile olur. Denetimin etkinliği ise, bağımsız denetim ile sağlanabilir

Ağ Değişimlerinde Optimal Yolun Bulunması

DergiPark: 245966trakyafbdBu çalışmada, yeni bir akıllı karınca tipi kullanılmaktadır ve onlar ağ değişimlerinde yeni optimal yolu bulmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Kendini klonlayan karınca kolonisi yaklaşımı optimal yolu bulmak için kullanılır. Bu yaklaşım, arama ve yönlendirme algoritmalarına odaklanarak tasarlanmıştır. Kendini klonlayan karıncalar kendilerini klonlayabilir ya da yok edebilirler. Bu karıncalar kaynak ve hedef düğüm arasındaki optimal yolu bulurlar. Bu çalışmada, gerçek bir ağ içerisinde, iki farklı ağ ortamı oluşturulmuştur ve bu farklı ağ ortamlarındaki iki yönlendirme tablosu bu yaklaşım kullanılarak güncellenmiştir.In this study, a new intelligent agent type which tries to find the new optimal path when the network changes is used. Self Cloning Ant Colony Approach is used to find the optimal path. The approach focusing on the search and routing algorithm has been developed. Self Cloning Ants can clone or destroy themselves. These ants find the optimal path between the source and destination node. In this study, in a real network, two different network environments have been created and two routing tables in these different network environments have been updated by using this approach

Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Epistemolojik İnançları ve Öğretim Stillerinin Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi

ÖZ. Bireysel farklılıklara ilişkin araştırmaların artmasına paralel olarak, epistemolojik inançlar gibi öğrenme ve öğretim stillerine yönelik ilgi de artmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın temel amacı, Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmenlerinin epistemolojik inançları ve öğretim stillerini belirlemek ve çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemek olarak belirlenmiştir. Tarama yönteminin kullanıldığı araştırmada katılımcılara ilişkin veriler kişisel bilgi formu, epistemolojik inanç ve öğretim stili ölçekleriyle toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya 202 Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmeni katılmıştır. Verilerin analizi, SPSS 20.0 paket programıyla yapılmıştır. Sonuçta katılımcıların Öğrenmenin Çabaya Bağlı Olduğuna yüksek düzeyde inandıkları belirlenmiştir. Onların çeşitli değişkenler ile epistemolojik inanç düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Katılımcıların en fazla Kolaylaştırıcı/Kişisel Model/Uzman öğretim stili grubunu benimsedikleri saptanmıştır. Bunun yanında onların mesleki kıdem, mezun olunan fakülte ve görev yapılan okul türü değişkenleriyle öğretim stilleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Epistemolojik inanç, Öğretim Stili, Sosyal Bilgiler Eğitim

Winter sports awareness levels of students taking ski lessons

This study examines the winter sports awareness levels of the students who take the optional ski course at Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Faculty of Engineering, according to various variables. The data were collected from the students who took the optional ski course in the 2021-2022 academic year with the help of questionnaires. A total of 145 students, 87 male, and 58 female students, participated in the study using the quantitative research model. A questionnaire technique consisting of two parts was used in the research. In the first part, the "Personal Information Form" was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants. The "Winter Sports Awareness Level Scale" was used in the second part. Frequency analysis, kurtosis, skewness test, One-Way Anova analysis, t-test, and correlation analysis were used in the study. The study found a moderate, positive, and significant relationship between the sub-dimensions of winter sports awareness levels. According to the gender variable of the students participating in the study, no significance was found in the awareness levels of winter sports. According to the department variable, in the affective sub-dimension, the engineering faculty students were significantly higher than the sports science faculty students. In addition, according to the variable of where you live, it was determined that the students living in the cities were significantly higher than those living in the villages at the level of winter sports awareness. As a result, it can be said that the gender variable is not a distinguishing variable on the level of winter sports awareness. According to the age variable, it was determined that the winter sports awareness levels of the students aged 23-25 were significantly higher than the students aged 26 and over

Winter sports awareness levels of students taking ski lessons

This study examines the winter sports awareness levels of the students who take the optional ski course at Erzurum Technical University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, and Faculty of Engineering, according to various variables. The data were collected from the students who took the optional ski course in the 2021-2022 academic year with the help of questionnaires. A total of 145 students, 87 male, and 58 female students, participated in the study using the quantitative research model. A questionnaire technique consisting of two parts was used in the research. In the first part, the "Personal Information Form" was used to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants. The "Winter Sports Awareness Level Scale" was used in the second part. Frequency analysis, kurtosis, skewness test, One-Way Anova analysis, t-test, and correlation analysis were used in the study. The study found a moderate, positive, and significant relationship between the sub-dimensions of winter sports awareness levels. According to the gender variable of the students participating in the study, no significance was found in the awareness levels of winter sports. According to the department variable, in the affective sub-dimension, the engineering faculty students were significantly higher than the sports science faculty students. In addition, according to the variable of where you live, it was determined that the students living in the cities were significantly higher than those living in the villages at the level of winter sports awareness. As a result, it can be said that the gender variable is not a distinguishing variable on the level of winter sports awareness. According to the age variable, it was determined that the winter sports awareness levels of the students aged 23-25 were significantly higher than the students aged 26 and over

Encapsulating and representing the knowledge on the evaluation of an engineering system

This paper proposes a cross-disciplinary methodology for a fundamental question in product development: How can the innovation patterns during the evolution of an engineering system (ES) be encapsulated, so that it can later be mined through data mining analysis methods? Reverse engineering answers the question of which components a developed engineering system consists of, and how the components interact to make the working product. TRIZ answers the question of which problem-solving principles can be, or have been employed in developing that system, in comparison to its earlier versions, or with respect to similar systems. While these two methodologies have been very popular, to the best of our knowledge, there does not yet exist a methodology that reverseengineers and encapsulates and represents the information regarding the complete product development process in abstract terms. This paper suggests such a methodology, that consists of mathematical formalism, graph visualization, and database representation. The proposed approach is demonstrated by analyzing the design and development process for a prototype wrist-rehabilitation robot

Effects of weight loss on ventricular systolic and diastolic functions and left ventricular mass assessed by tissue doppler imaging in obese geriatric women: preliminary report

Background and aims: Obesity is one of the most common diseases in the world. Particularly in elderly subjects, the effects of weight loss on cardiac functions have not been previously investigated by means of pulsed wave tissue doppler imaging (PWTDI). Using PWTDI, we examined the effects of weight loss on cardiac functions and left ventricular (L V) mass in obese geriatric women. Methods: Thirteen obese women aged 66-83 years (mean age 71.2+/-4.9 yrs) with a body mass index 35.6-49 kg/m(2) (mean body mass index 39.9+/-4.3 kg/m(2)) were evaluated by echocardiography and PWTDI. Only subjects with uncomplicated obesity were included. All measurements, including anthropometric variables, systolic and diastolic indices, and LV Mass, were made before and after a 6-month Orlistat plus hypocaloric diet. Myocardial systolic wave (Sm) velocity, isovolumic acceleration (IVA), myocardial precontraction time (PCTm) and the PCTm to contraction time (CTm) ratio were calculated as systolic indices. Early diastolic wave (Em), late diastolic wave (Am), Em to Am ratio, myocardial relaxation time (RTm), deceleration time (DT) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were determined as diastolic measurements. Results: Subjects lost an average of 8.4+/-1.2 kg. LV mass decreased significantly after weight loss (p<0.001). In addition, IVRT decreased significantly (p=0.038). Only RTm decreased significantly (p=0.016), whereas other PWTDI parameters of LV remained the same. In the right ventricle, Sm velocity, IVA, Em, and Am velocities were similar. However, the PCTm to Am ratio decreased significantly (p=0.006), and the Em to Am ratio increased (p=0.04) and RTm decreased significantly (p=0.016) after weight loss. Conclusions: In obese geriatric women, weight loss improves ventricular diastolic functions and decreases LV mass. It also contributes to partial improvement in right ventricular systolic function. (Aging Clin Exp Res 2010; 22: 206-211) (C) 2010, Editrice Kurti

Multimodal person recognition for human-vehicle interaction

Next-generation vehicles will undoubtedly feature biometric person recognition as part of an effort to improve the driving experience. Today's technology prevents such systems from operating satisfactorily under adverse conditions. A proposed framework for achieving person recognition successfully combines different biometric modalities, borne out in two case studies