Investigation into the material properties of wooden composite structures with in-situ fibre reinforcement using additive manufacturing

In contrast to subtractive manufacturing techniques, additive manufacturing processes are known for their high efficiency in regards to utilisation of feedstock. However the various polymer, metallic and composite feedstocks used within additive manufacturing are mainly derived from energy consuming, inefficient methods, often originating from non-sustainable sources. This work explores the mechanical properties of additively manufactured composite structures fabricated from recycled sustainable wood waste with the aim of enhancing mechanical properties through glass fibre reinforcement. In the first instance, samples were formed by pouring formulation of wood waste (wood flour) and thermosetting binder (urea formaldehyde), with and without glass fibres, into a mould. The same formulations were used to additively manufacture samples via a layered deposition technique. Samples manufactured using each technique were cured and subsequently tested for their mechanical properties. Additively manufactured samples had superior mechanical properties, with up to 73% increase in tensile strength compared to moulded composites due to a densification of feedstock/paste and fibre in-situ directional alignment

HALT (Hernia Active Living Trial): protocol for a feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial of a physical activity intervention to improve quality of life in people with bowel stoma with a bulge/parastomal hernia

Background Parastomal hernia (PSH) can be repaired surgically, but results to date have been disappointing, with reported recurrence rates of 30 to 76%. Other types of intervention are therefore needed to improve the quality of life of people with PSH. One potential intervention is physical activity. We hypothesise that the intervention will increase core activation and control across the abdominal wall at a site of potential weakness and thus reduce the risk of PSH progression. Increases in physical activity will improve body image and quality of life (QoL). Methods Subjects and sample There were approximately 20 adults with a bowel stoma and PSH. People with previous PSH repair will be excluded as well as people who already do core training. Study design This is a feasibility study of a randomised controlled trial with 2 months follow-up, in 2 sites using mixed methods. Stage 1 involves intervention development and in stage 2, intervention and trial parameters will be assessed. Intervention A theoretically informed physical activity intervention was done, targeting people with PSH. Main outcome of feasibility study The main outcome is the decision by an independent Study Steering Committee whether to proceed to a full randomised controlled trial of the intervention. Other outcomes We will evaluate 4 intervention parameters—fidelity, adherence, acceptability and safety and 3 trial parameters (eligible patients’ consent rate, acceptability of study design and data availability rates for following endpoints): I. Diagnosis and classification of PSH II. Muscle activation III. Body composition (BMI, waist circumference) IV. Patient reported outcomes: QoL, body image and physical functioning V. Physical activity; VI. Psychological determinants of physical activity Other data Included are other data such as interviews with all participants about the intervention and trial procedures. Data analysis and statistical power As this is a feasibility study, the quantitative data will be analysed using descriptive statistics. Audio-recorded qualitative data from interviews will be transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Discussion The feasibility and acceptability of key intervention and trial parameters will be used to decide whether to proceed to a full trial of the intervention, which aims to improve body image, quality of life and PSH progression. Trial registration ISRCTN1520759

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië.

"Literatur-overzicht" issued with v. 95.Includes reports of meetings of the institute."Verslag der feestviering van het vijf-en-twintigjarig bestaan van het Instituut. (1851- 1876)": ser. 3, v. 12.2. volg., 5. deel, 1862, consists of 1 v. text and 1 v. plates.The volumes appear in parts. In several cases the dates of the later parts of a volume are a year in advance of the dates on general t.p.Vols. 5-12 called: "nieuwe volgreek," v. 1-8; v. 13-24 called "3 volgreeks," v. 1-12; v. 25-34 called "4. volgreeks," v. 1-10; v. 35-44 called also "5. volgreeks," v. 1-10.; v. 45-54 called also "6 volgreeks," v. 1-10; v. 55-64 called also "7. volgreeks," v. 1-10; v. 65, pt. 1-2 called also "8. volgreeks," v. 1, pt. 1-2."Literatur-overzicht" issued with v. 95.Includes reports of meetings of the institute.Mode of access: Internet."Uitgegeven door het Koninklijk Instituut voor de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië.

Effecten Openbaar Vervoerkaart Studenten, 1990-1992

Study on changes in travel behaviour of students as result of the introduction of the "Student Public Transport Pass" (OV-Jaarkaart) on January 1st 1991. First wave 1990: possession of driving licence, car, bicycle, moped, public transport passes. Current type of education / location of r.'s educational institution / r.'s residence / residence of parents / description of trips, travels, made during a period of three weeks: place of departure, destinations, means of transport, use of public transport passes, reasons of trips. Wave 2 (1991) and 3 (1992) are partly replications of the first wave in 1990. Additional questions: changes in car ownership and place of residence / use of public transport during holidays in the Netherlands / changes in travel patterns. Background variables: basic characteristics/ household characteristics/ education/ consumption of durable

Experiments in housing 1974-1975

Housing experiments evaluation / motivation / identification / satisfaction / experimental features / rent / use / neighbours / surroundings / shops. Background variables: basic characteristics/ housing situation/ household characteristics/ occupation/employment/ income/capital assets/ education/ consumption of durable