Provisions of Quran Tajweed Ontology (Articulations Points of the Letters, UN Vowel Noon and Tanween)

The Holy Quran has rules that the reader must learn so that he can read the Qur'an correctly (Tajweed).The objective of this research is to design an ontology for some of Tajweed (Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween) to support the learning of this part of Tajweed and to facilitate the sharing of knowledge with the other Holy Quran applications. In order to achieve this goal, the researchers adopted the applied approach using protégé framework with OWL to the provisions build the Ontology. The provisions of Quran Tajweed Ontology (Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween) use knowledge representation to define the key concepts in Un Vowel Noon and Tanween (Clearness, Merge, Hiding, Change) and The Letters Articulations, and show the relationships between these concepts and its properties. The fundamental concepts in the ontology are based on the knowledge extracting from the Books of Tajweed, and some verses of the Holy Quran to infer the Provisions. The designed ontology can retrieves information about Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween. Furthermore, it can be shared and reused in applications related to Holy Quran Tajweed

Provisions of Quran Tajweed Ontology (Articulations Points of the Letters, UN Vowel Noon and Tanween)

The Holy Quran has rules that the reader must learn so that he can read the Qur'an correctly (Tajweed).The objective of this research is to design an ontology for some of Tajweed (Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween) to support the learning of this part of Tajweed and to facilitate the sharing of knowledge with the other Holy Quran applications. In order to achieve this goal, the researchers adopted the applied approach using protégé framework with OWL to the provisions build the Ontology. The provisions of Quran Tajweed Ontology (Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween) use knowledge representation to define the key concepts in Un Vowel Noon and Tanween (Clearness, Merge, Hiding, Change) and The Letters Articulations, and show the relationships between these concepts and its properties. The fundamental concepts in the ontology are based on the knowledge extracting from the Books of Tajweed, and some verses of the Holy Quran to infer the Provisions. The designed ontology can retrieves information about Articulations Points of the Letters, Un Vowel Noon and Tanween. Furthermore, it can be shared and reused in applications related to Holy Quran Tajweed

Facts about compliance of surgeons “An audit study of the quality of operation notes in the department of general surgery, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia”

Background: An accurate, complete, legible medical record implies accurate, complete organized assessment and management of the patient. Operation notes as one of the important patient’smedical records are often produced as evidence in medico-legal cases. In a court of law, that which is not written down may be perceived as never having occurred. Poorly written and illegible notes, along with the use of confusing abbreviations, are a common source of weakness in a surgeon'sdefense.Objectives: This audit was carried out mainly to assess and review the compliance and adhere of surgeon to existing operation guidelines sheet of ministry of health (form 15), and to enhance professionalism.Methodology: In this retrospective audit, 266 operation notes were reviewed in general surgical department of King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during a period of six months (January - June 2007). Because we have no standing ethical committee in our hospital theapproval and permission were given by the administration for this study. Notes were scrutinized and reviewed for the quality, accuracy of patient’s personal data, details of operation and name of surgeon, operating team, details of operation, swabs, instruments counts, as well as for the inclusionof unacceptable abbreviations. The standard operation sheet (form 15) guideline of Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, attached to the patient’s file was used as a reference.Results: None of the notes were completely filled in this audit, some of important vital data of patients e.g. identification data were missed in (122 patients 45.9 %), and usage of non standardized abbreviations was found in 118 (44.4%). The types of the operation (emergency/elective) wasrecorded in 179 (67.3%) of all the operative notes. The time of the operation was recorded in 129 (48.5%) of the operative notes. Wound closure details were recorded in 153 (57.5%) of the notes and many other data like name of surgeon, anesthesiologists, type of anesthesia were variably missed.Conclusion: We conclude that a simple compliance to the attached operation note sheets can significantly improve the quality of the notes, continuity of care and potentially avoid medico-legal problems. There is an urgent need for revision and modification of form No: 15 operation sheet of Ministry of Health as well as introduction of computer database in operation notes. This should be an issue for the Faculty of Medicine, making the training of future surgeons more effective

Impact des Propriétés Mécaniques, Géométriques et thermiques des matériaux sur les Contraintes d'Interface, des structures renforcées par composites.

Actuellement, l’utilisation des plaques en composites, pour le renforcement des poutres et des structures métalliques, est une des méthodes récentes pour la réhabilitation des structures qui présentent un vieillissement ou des défauts de forme ou de chargement. Ces méthodes permettent, ainsi, de prolonger la durée de vie de ces structures sous un coût d’exploitation réduit et, assurent un minimum de pollution à l’environnement. Dans cet article une analyse originale, par une modélisation analytique des contraintes d’interface entre la poutre et la plaque de renforcement en (FRP) a été finalisée. L’originalité dans le modèle adopté et développé, met en évidence une théorie qui tient compte, en plus de l’effet thermique, des effets de déformations des adhérents sous la force longitudinale, chose qui n’a pas été prise en compte par les études précédentes. Ce phénomène de déformation des adhérents, donne une approche plus probable sur les contraintes d’interface des structures renforcées, il est appelé effet « shear lag ». La résolution numérique montre que la contrainte de cisaillement et la contrainte normale sont significatives et, sont concentrées à l'extrémité de la plaque de renforcement, phénomène appelé effet de bord (edges effects). Une étude paramétrique et physique des adhérents a été effectuée pour montrer leur influence sur la valeur des contraintes.Mots-clés : Renforcement, effets de décollement, Effet thermique, contraintes interfaciales

Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) Seven Years Experience From Department Of Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, Umm-Alqura, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Aims and objectives: In this article we aim to sharing and exchanging experiences at all levels of applying objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), to reduce trial and errors cost inefficiencies and to help and accelerate the acceptance the new comers to this assessment tool. Setting and Methods: The department of surgery, faculty of medicine, Umm-Alqura University Makkah adopting OSCE as an essential tool of assessment in fourth, fifth and sixth years, from the first batch of the students (1420H/1999/2000). It was first held in may 2000 (batch I- 21 students) and the numbers gradually increasing, till it reached 146 students in 2007 (batch 7). During these seven years experience of running the examinations we have run till now more than twenty five consecutive OSCE examinations, and sometime quadruplicated, which have been continuously evaluated and reviewed with the help of our external examiners. We are always refining the process and content with some development of new and innovative implementation, the department has improved the process and contents of OSCE. Lessons learned and conclusions: A well-organized OSCE requires significant investment in terms of planning, resources and enthusiasm, but can have potentially beneficial impacts on the assessments tools especially in big number of candidates. However OSCE is a very good adjunct tool of assessment, and can be used in multicentric ways for big number of candidates, but also has its limitations and should be combined with other forms of assessment, which may be more valid and comprehensive to test competencies not easily tested within the OSCE format. Keywords: OSCE- Experience- Department of surgery, Umm - Alqura University.Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences Vol. 3 (3) 2008: pp. 185-19

Clinical audit of intra-partum care at secondary health facilities in Nigeria

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Histopathology of the gill and liver tissues of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus exposed to lead

An investigation on the effect of the heavy metal, lead (Pb) on the gill and liver of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus was carried out in the laboratory. One hundred and sixty (160) fingerlings of the fish were exposed to continuous exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (0.006 mg/l and 0.008 mg/l) of lead for a period of three weeks. The liver and gill of fish were removed every 9 days for histological examination. The results showed that the degree of distortion of the gills and liver was proportional to the exposure periods and concentration of the metals was found to be dose and time dependent. Key Words: Lead, Clarias gariepinus, histopathology, gill, liver. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.4(1) 2005: 117-12

Use of palm oil in the diet of the African mudfish, Clarias gariepinus

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the substitution of fish oil with palm oil in the diet of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings over a 49 day period. Four diets were prepared with fish oil substituted with palm oil at 0% (control Diet 1), 25% (Diet 2), 50% (Diet 3) and 100% (Diet-4), using a completely randomised block design. Mortality was observed in all the treatments, while fish fed with 100% palm oil were most sluggish in accepting their feeds. Average weight gained, specific growth rate and feed conversion efficiency were not significantly affected by diet. It was concluded that palm oil can be substituted for fish oil in the diet of C. gariepinus. Key Words: African mudfish, diet, palm oil, growth. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.3(8) 2004: 418-42