823 research outputs found
Does Loss of Custody of a Child Resulting from Attorney Negligence Cause Damage
Attorneys face the prospect of legal malpractice actions on a daily basis and in regard to every type of legal issue with which they deal. Indeed, a lawyer\u27s negligence subjects him to liability whether he has mishandled a multimillion dollar business transaction or failed to adequately represent his client in a custody battle over the client\u27s children. Whereas the harm in the former example is clearly monetary, the latter example presents the issue of whether the client can recover monetary damages for loss of custody of his child, a harm that is non-economic in nature. While few people would likely argue that loss of custody of a child is not a cognizable harm, under Missouri\u27s current law, damages based on such a harm are not recoverable in a legal malpractice action. Although Missouri courts have not yet squarely faced the issue, Collins v. Missouri Bar Plan raises the question, the answer to which would establish whether Missouri allows damages for loss of society based on loss of custody in a legal malpractice action
Electrochemical method of controlling thiolate coverage on a conductive substrate such as gold
An electrochemical method for forming a partial monomolecular layer of a predetermined extent of coverage of a thiolate of the formula, XRS--, therein R can be a linear or branched chain hydrocarbon or an aromatic or the like and X can be any compatible end group, e.g., OH, COOH, CH.sub.3 or the like, upon a substrate such as gold, which involves applying in an electrochemical system a constant voltage preselected to yield the desired predetermined extent of coverage
No evidence for synchronization of the solar cycle by a "clock"
The length of the solar activity cycle fluctuates considerably. The temporal
evolution of the corresponding cycle phase, that is, the deviation of the
epochs of activity minima or maxima from strict periodicity, provides relevant
information concerning the physical mechanism underlying the cyclic magnetic
activity. An underlying strictly periodic process (akin to a perfect "clock"),
with the observer seeing a superposition of the perfect clock and a small
random phase perturbation, leads to long-term phase stability in the
observations. Such behavior would be expected if cycles were synchronized by
tides caused by orbiting planets or by a hypothetical torsional oscillation in
the solar radiative interior. Alternatively, in the absence of such
synchronization, phase fluctuations accumulate and a random walk of the phase
ensues, which is a typical property of randomly perturbed dynamo models. Based
on the sunspot record and the reconstruction of solar cycles from cosmogenic
C14, we carried out rigorous statistical tests in order to decipher whether
there exists phase synchronization or random walk. Synchronization is rejected
at significance levels of between 95% (28 cycles from sunspot data) and beyond
99% (84 cycles reconstructed from C14, while the existence of random walk in
the phases is consistent with all data sets. This result strongly supports
randomly perturbed dynamo models with little inter-cycle memory.Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in pres
Automatic guiding of the primary image of solar Gregory telescopes
The primary image reflected from the field-stop of solar Gregory telescopes is used for automatic guiding. This new system avoids temporal varying influences from the bending of the telescope tube by the main mirror's gravity and
from offsets between the telescope and a separate guiding refractor. The required
stiffness of the guider mechanics and the small areas of the sensors demand small
f-numbers for the guider optics, which cause problems with the image quality and
with heat. Problems also arise from the imaging of the pinhole in the telescope's
field stop. The corresponding lack of image information at that location can be
reduced numerically by Fourier methods much more effectively than with profile
centering methods. Several types of such guiders are tested, a final equipment,
now installed at the Gregory telescopes at Tenerife and at Locarno, is described
Is the structure of 42Si understood?
A more detailed test of the implementation of nuclear forces that drive shell
evolution in the pivotal nucleus \nuc{42}{Si} -- going beyond earlier
comparisons of excited-state energies -- is important. The two leading
shell-model effective interactions, SDPF-MU and SDPF-U-Si, both of which
reproduce the low-lying \nuc{42}{Si}() energy, but whose predictions for
other observables differ significantly, are interrogated by the population of
states in neutron-rich \nuc{42}{Si} with a one-proton removal reaction from
\nuc{43}{P} projectiles at 81~MeV/nucleon. The measured cross sections to the
individual \nuc{42}{Si} final states are compared to calculations that combine
eikonal reaction dynamics with these shell-model nuclear structure overlaps.
The differences in the two shell-model descriptions are examined and linked to
predicted low-lying excited states and shape coexistence. Based on the
present data, which are in better agreement with the SDPF-MU calculations, the
state observed at 2150(13)~keV in \nuc{42}{Si} is proposed to be the ()
level.Comment: accepted in Physical Review Letter
Protocol for the development of a core domain set for hand eczema trials
Background Clinical hand eczema trials measure a variety of outcome domains to determine the success of interventions. This considerably limits the comparability and overall confidence in the study results, and thereby the strength of recommendations for clinical practice. Objectives The Hand Eczema Core Outcome Set (HECOS) initiative aims to develop a core outcome set (COS) for the standardized evaluation of interventions in future hand eczema trials and reviews. This COS will define the minimum that should be measured and reported in controlled and randomized-controlled trials of therapeutic hand eczema interventions. The objective of this protocol is to specify the methods to develop a core domain set. Methods In Phase 1, a list of candidate domains will be derived from a systematic literature review concerning previously measured outcomes in hand eczema trials, from qualitative patient interviews and from expert interviews. In Phase 2, a consensus study about core domains will be conducted by an online 3-round Delphi survey and a face-to-face meeting, applying predefined consensus criteria. HECOS involves hand eczema and methods experts as well as patients and further stakeholders with an interest in the initiative. Outlook When a set of core domains has been defined, HECOS is going to identify appropriate outcome measurement instruments in a development process that will be detailed in another protocol. The COS will considerably enhance the methodological quality, comparability and usefulness of hand eczema trials for clinical decision-making and the development of new therapeutic options for hand eczema, and also reduce the effort of planning, conducting, and reporting individual hand eczema studies, reviews and meta-analyses
Spectroscopy of P using the one-proton knockout reaction
The structure of P was studied with a one-proton knockout reaction
at88~MeV/u from a S projectile beam at NSCL. The rays from
thedepopulation of excited states in P were detected with GRETINA,
whilethe P nuclei were identified event-by-event in the focal plane of
theS800 spectrograph. The level scheme of P was deduced up to 7.5 MeV
using coincidences. The observed levels were attributed to
protonremovals from the -shell and also from the deeply-bound
orbital.The orbital angular momentum of each state was derived from the
comparisonbetween experimental and calculated shapes of individual
(-gated)parallel momentum distributions. Despite the use of different
reactions andtheir associate models, spectroscopic factors, , derived
from theS knockout reaction agree with those obtained earlier
fromS(,\nuc{3}{He}) transfer, if a reduction factor , as
deducedfrom inclusive one-nucleon removal cross sections, is applied to the
knockout transitions.In addition to the expected proton-hole configurations,
other states were observedwith individual cross sections of the order of
0.5~mb. Based on their shiftedparallel momentum distributions, their decay
modes to negative parity states,their high excitation energy (around 4.7~MeV)
and the fact that they were notobserved in the (,\nuc{3}{He}) reaction, we
propose that they may resultfrom a two-step mechanism or a nucleon-exchange
reaction with subsequent neutronevaporation. Regardless of the mechanism, that
could not yet be clarified, thesestates likely correspond to neutron core
excitations in \nuc{35}{P}. Thisnewly-identified pathway, although weak, offers
the possibility to selectivelypopulate certain intruder configurations that are
otherwise hard to produceand identify.Comment: 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Physical Review
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