Electron-beam modification of coating-aluminum substrate systems

Multiphase surface alloys with improved strength and tribological characteristics have been synthesized by exposing coating/A7 substrate systems to a pulsed electron beam. Optimum modes of electron-ion-plasma treatment of commercially pure aluminum have been found at which the wear resistance and hardness of the surface layer were observed to increase by a factor of about 7.5 and up to 18, respectively

Influence of Phase Diffuser Dynamics on Scintillations of Laser Radiation in Earth Atmosphere: Long-Distance Propagation

The effect of a random phase diffuser on fluctuations of laser light (scintillations) is studied. Not only spatial but also temporal phase variations introduced by the phase diffuser are analyzed. The explicit dependence of the scintillation index on finite-time phase variations is obtained for long propagation paths. It is shown that for large amplitudes of phase fluctuations, a finite-time effect decreases the ability of phase diffuser to suppress the scintillations.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure

ЮМОР В ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО: К ПОСТАНОВКЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ

This article is devoted to posing the problem of humor in the political space, which, being one of the manifestations of social communication, has a number of its features. It also examines the specifics of understanding humor and comic, and explains the appropriateness of ignoring the latter in scientific research. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the fact that a greater scientific perspective in the study of humor in the space of political, for objective reasons, has the use of humor by politicians themselves in the course of their activities as having a more serious consequence both for their image and for the whole community.Настоящая статья посвящена постановке проблемы юмора в пространстве политического, которое, являясь одним из проявлений социальной коммуникации, имеет ряд своих особенностей. В ней также рассматривается специфика понимания юмора и комического и объясняется целесообразность игнорирования второго в научном исследовании. При этом акцент делается на том, что большей научной перспективой при изучении юмора в пространстве политического, в силу объективных причин, обладает использование юмора самими политиками в процессе своей деятельности как имеющее более серьезное последствие и для их имиджа, и для всего сообщества

Solving Grid Equations Using the Alternating-triangular Method on a Graphics Accelerator

The paper describes a parallel-pipeline implementation of solving grid equations using the modified alternating-triangular iterative method (MATM), obtained by numerically solving the equations of mathematical physics. The greatest computational costs at using this method are on the stages of solving a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) with lower triangular and upper non-triangular matrices. An algorithm for solving the SLAE with a lower triangular matrix on a graphics accelerator using NVIDIA CUDA technology is presented. To implement the parallel-pipeline method, a three-dimensional decomposition of the computational domain was used. It is divided into blocks along the y coordinate, the number of which corresponds to the number of GPU streaming multiprocessors involved in the calculations. In turn, the blocks are divided into fragments according to two spatial coordinates — x and z. The presented graph model describes the relationship between adjacent fragments of the computational grid and the pipeline calculation process. Based on the results of computational experiments, a regression model was obtained that describes the dependence of the time for calculation one MATM step on the GPU, the acceleration and efficiency for SLAE solution with a lower triangular matrix by the parallel-pipeline method on the GPU were calculated using the different number of streaming multiprocessors.The paper describes a parallel-pipeline implementation of solving grid equations using the modified alternating-triangular iterative method (MATM), obtained by numerically solving the equations of mathematical physics. The greatest computational costs at using this method are on the stages of solving a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) with lower triangular and upper non-triangular matrices. An algorithm for solving the SLAE with a lower triangular matrix on a graphics accelerator using NVIDIA CUDA technology is presented. To implement the parallel-pipeline method, a three-dimensional decomposition of the computational domain was used. It is divided into blocks along the y coordinate, the number of which corresponds to the number of GPU streaming multiprocessors involved in the calculations. In turn, the blocks are divided into fragments according to two spatial coordinates — x and z. The presented graph model describes the relationship between adjacent fragments of the computational grid and the pipeline calculation process. Based on the results of computational experiments, a regression model was obtained that describes the dependence of the time for calculation one MATM step on the GPU, the acceleration and efficiency for SLAE solution with a lower triangular matrix by the parallel-pipeline method on the GPU were calculated using the different number of streaming multiprocessors

Optimized sensorless control systems for cargo movement mechanisms

THE PURPOSE. Investigation of the control system of the cargo movement mechanism when using different variants of sensorless control. The search for the optimal option, in which the formation of the speed is identical to the data obtained from the speed sensor. Analysis of the results obtained during the study, including the results obtained taking into account the heating of the motor windings. METHODS. The tasks set during the research are implemented by simulation modeling using the Matlab Simulink computer simulation environment. RESULTS. The article considers systems with different types of velocity observers. A system is implemented that takes into account the heating of the stator and rotor windings of an asynchronous motor, in which a non-adaptive observer and different types of neural network controller were introduced. A combined method of using neural network regulators is proposed. CONCLUSION. Sensorless control systems are relevant for use in industries with the presence, according to the conditions of the technological process, of high temperatures. The conducted research has shown that the use of neural network technologies allows you to work with settings of different levels and types. The proposed method, implying the use of joint work of neural network observers with various neurostructures, allows for speed testing in the entire range. The connection with cloud storage present in the proposed structure leads to the unloading of the management system, allowing to increase the process of analyzing data coming from the object.publishe

EPR Study of the Vanadium Ions in Mg2SiO4 Crystal

Vanadium-doped forsterite crystal has been studied with X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The sample was grown by the Czochralski technique in an argon atmosphere with 2 vol% of hydrogen. The EPR spectrum of the sample at T = 15 K is predominantly represented by the V4+ ion signals that possess a characteristic eight-line hyperfine structure and are observed close to g = 2. The observation of the two magnetically nonequivalent centers in the angular dependence in the (ab) crystal plane and one center in the (ac) and (bc) planes, combined with the published optical spectroscopy data, unambiguously show that the V4+ ions are located at the silicon lattice site. Principal values of the hyperfine A and g-tensor and magnetic axes orientations of the V4+ centers have been determined. The orientation disorder of the V4+ centers has been found around the crystalline c axis but not in the (ab) crystal plane. The angular variation of the hyperfine component linewidth is described best with a disorder range of ±3. 0°. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Wien

Structure changes in InP and GaAs crystals double irradiated with electrons and swift heavy ions

We have studied InP and GaAs crystal structure changes under the influence of swift Kr and Bi ions irradiation by means of scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and selective chemical etching. The previous disordering of samples by electron irradiation is shown to be leading to macrodefect formation in the form of cracks and breaks at the depths near the ion end-of-range and on the crystal surface. A possible explanation of the observed effects is proposed.Вивчено вплив змін структури ІnP і GaAs при опроміненні іонами Kr і Bі й електронами при вивченні методом електронної мікроскопії, атомної силової мікроскопії й сективного хімічного травлення. Основними ефектами при цьому впливі були утворення тріщин і руйнувань структури поверхні, які найбільше значно проявлялися наприкінці пробігу іонів і поблизу поверхні. Можливе пояснення виявлених ефектів представлено.Изучено влияние изменений структуры InP- и GaAs- при облучении ионами Kr и Bi и электронами при изучении методом электронной микроскопии, атомной силовой микроскопии и сективного химического травления. Основными эффектами при этом воздействии являлись образование трещин и разрушений структуры поверхности, которые наиболее значительно проявлялись в конце пробега ионов и вблизи поверхности. Возможное объяснение обнаруженных эффектов представлено

Antioxidative vs cytotoxic activities of organotin complexes bearing 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol moieties

Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Two series of organotin(IV) complexes with Sn–S bonds on the base of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-mercaptophenol (L1SH) of formulae Me2Sn(L1S)2 (1); Et2Sn(L1S)2 (2); Bu2Sn(L1S)2 (3); Ph2Sn(L1S)2 (4); (L1)2Sn(L1S)2 (5); Me3Sn(L1S) (6); Ph3Sn(L1S) (7) (L1 = 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl), together with the new ones [Me3SnCl(L2)] (8), [Me2SnCl2(L2)2] (9) (L2 = 2-(N-3′,5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)-iminomethylphenol) were used to study their antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Novel complexes 8, 9 of MenSnCl4 − n (n = 3, 2) with Schiff base were synthesized and characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, IR and elemental analysis. The crystal structures of compounds 8 and 9 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The distorted tetrahedral geometry around the Sn center in the monocrystals of 8 was revealed, the Schiff base is coordinated to the tin(IV) atom by electrostatic interaction and formation of short contact Sn–O 2.805 Å. In the case of complex 9 the distorted octahedron coordination of Sn atom is formed. The antioxidant activity of compounds as radical scavengers and reducing agents was proved spectrophotometrically in tests with stable radical DPPH, reduction of Cu2+ (CUPRAC method) and interaction with superoxide radical-anion. Moreover, compounds have been screened for in vitro cytotoxicity on eight human cancer cell lines. A high activity against all cell lines with IC50 values 60–160 nM was determined for the triphenyltin complex 7, while the introduction of Schiff base decreased the cytotoxicity of the complexes. The influence on mitochondrial potential and mitochondrial permeability for the compounds 8 and 9 has been studied. It is shown that studied complexes depolarize the mitochondria but don't influence the calcium-induced mitochondrial permeability transition

The Formation and Development Trends of the Consulting Market in Russia

In the conditions of rapid growth of service industries and, above all, business services, the importance of advisory services (consulting) is steadily enhancing for the domestic economy and the growth of its competitiveness. The article analyzes the basic processes occurring in the modern Russian market of consulting services, the trends and patterns of its development, including the growing processes of concentration and centralization, the underdevelopment of market institutions, the lack of legislation regulating this market segment, structural defects associated with the excessive income growth of the management consulting. All this allowed us to draw some important conclusions about the unstable and contradictory nature of the development of the domestic market of consulting, the deformation of its structure and the absence of the state policy in the sphere of regulation of the consulting services market, and to develop recommendations for its stabilization, including the improvement of legislation in the field of intellectual property, the expansion and strengthening of the foreign economic positions of the consulting companies in Russia, the efficiency improvement of their participation in the international division of labor. The article is intended for students studying methods of conducting marketing research on the market of consulting services, teachers of the discipline "Marketing in services", "Consulting" as well as for marketing managers and managers of consulting companies elaborating strategies for their development. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n2s3p18