Transformação de algodão (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) através do uso de policátion.

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Dexamethasone for the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting: A randomised dose finding trial.

Dexamethasone is widely used for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) but little is known about its efficacy for the treatment of established PONV. To test the antiemetic efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone for the treatment of established PONV in adults undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia and to determine whether there is dose-responsiveness. The DexPonv trial is a multicentre, placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind, dose-finding study. Inclusion of patients was between September 2012 and November 2017. Follow-up for PONV symptoms was for 24 h. Thirty days postoperatively, patients were contacted by study nurses for any information on postoperative bleeding and infection. Four public hospitals in Switzerland. A total of 803 adults scheduled for elective surgery without any antiemetic prophylaxis signed the consent form; 714 were included. Among those, 319 had PONV and 281 patients were eventually randomised (intention to treat population and safety set). The per protocol set consisted of 260 patients. Patients with PONV symptoms (including retching) were randomised to a single intravenous dose of dexamethasone 3, 6 or 12 mg or matching placebo. The primary endpoint was the absence of further nausea or vomiting (including retching), within 24 h after administration of the study drug. Dexamethasone was ineffective during the first 24 h, whatever the dosage, compared to placebo, even when the model was adjusted for known risk factors (P = 0.170). There were no differences in the time to treatment failure or the quality of sleep during the first night. There was a positive correlation between the dose of dexamethasone and blood glucose concentrations (P < 0.001), but not with bleeding risk, wound infections or other adverse effects. This randomised trial failed to show anti-emetic efficacy of any of the tested intravenous regimens of dexamethasone for the treatment of established PONV in adults undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia. clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01975727)

Cholesterol oxidase effects on reproduction and embryonic development of the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T19:02:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ID2555327.pdf: 370582 bytes, checksum: 3b1e5ec82736171bfcd6a06160432713 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-09bitstream/item/178448/1/ID-25553-2-7.pd

Need for adjuvant radiotherapy in oral cancer: depth of invasion rather than tumor diameter

PURPOSE The 8th edition of the TNM Cancer Staging Manual incorporates depth of invasion (DOI) into the pathologic tumor classification for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). While deep invading tumors with small tumor diameters (TD) have been categorized as early stage tumors in the 7th edition, they are now upstaged, potentially influencing the decision to initiate adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). METHODS OSCC patients surgically treated with curative intent between 2010 and 2019 were consecutively included. Tumors were staged based on TD only (according to the 7th edition TNM Cancer Staging Manual), then restaged based solely on DOI. RESULTS Of the 133 included patients, 58 patients (43.6%) had a different pT-stage when using DOI instead of TD for staging (upstaging in 23.3%). Overall survival (OS) was significantly worse in patients who were upstaged with DOI. In addition, stratification by adjuvant RT showed significant worse OS in upstaged patients without receiving adjuvant RT. CONCLUSIONS DOI seems to be an import indicator for adjuvant RT in OSCC-patients

A Sound-Sensitive Source of Alpha Oscillations in Human Non-Primary Auditory Cortex

Copyright © 2019 Billig, Herrmann et al. The functional organization of human auditory cortex can be probed by characterizing responses to various classes of sound at different anatomical locations. Along with histological studies this approach has revealed a primary field in posteromedial Heschl\u27s gyrus (HG) with pronounced induced high-frequency (70-150 Hz) activity and short-latency responses that phase-lock to rapid transient sounds. Low-frequency neural oscillations are also relevant to stimulus processing and information flow, however, their distribution within auditory cortex has not been established. Alpha activity (7-14 Hz) in particular has been associated with processes that may differentially engage earlier versus later levels of the cortical hierarchy, including functional inhibition and the communication of sensory predictions. These theories derive largely from the study of occipitoparietal sources readily detectable in scalp electroencephalography. To characterize the anatomical basis and functional significance of less accessible temporal-lobe alpha activity we analyzed responses to sentences in seven human adults (4 female) with epilepsy who had been implanted with electrodes in superior temporal cortex. In contrast to primary cortex in posteromedial HG, a non-primary field in anterolateral HG was characterized by high spontaneous alpha activity that was strongly suppressed during auditory stimulation. Alpha-power suppression decreased with distance from anterolateral HG throughout superior temporal cortex, and was more pronounced for clear compared to degraded speech. This suppression could not be accounted for solely by a change in the slope of the power spectrum. The differential manifestation and stimulus-sensitivity of alpha oscillations across auditory fields should be accounted for in theories of their generation and function.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT To understand how auditory cortex is organized in support of perception, we recorded from patients implanted with electrodes for clinical reasons. This allowed measurement of activity in brain regions at different levels of sensory processing. Oscillations in the alpha range (7-14 Hz) have been associated with functions including sensory prediction and inhibition of regions handling irrelevant information, but their distribution within auditory cortex is not known. A key finding was that these oscillations dominated in one particular non-primary field, anterolateral Heschl\u27s gyrus, and were suppressed when subjects listened to sentences. These results build on our knowledge of the functional organization of auditory cortex and provide anatomical constraints on theories of the generation and function of alpha oscillations

Stain-free identification of tissue pathology using a generative adversarial network to infer nanomechanical signatures

Intraoperative frozen section analysis can be used to improve the accuracy of tumour margin estimation during cancer resection surgery through rapid processing and pathological assessment of excised tissue. Its applicability is limited in some cases due to the additional risks associated with prolonged surgery, largely from the time-consuming staining procedure. Our work uses a measurable property of bulk tissue to bypass the staining process: as tumour cells proliferate, they influence the surrounding extra-cellular matrix, and the resulting change in elastic modulus provides a signature of the underlying pathology. In this work we accurately localise atomic force microscopy measurements of human liver tissue samples and train a generative adversarial network to infer elastic modulus from low-resolution images of unstained tissue sections. Pathology is predicted through unsupervised clustering of parameters characterizing the distributions of inferred values, achieving 89% accuracy for all samples based on the nominal assessment (n = 28), and 95% for samples that have been validated by two independent pathologists through post hoc staining (n = 20). Our results demonstrate that this technique could increase the feasibility of intraoperative frozen section analysis for use during resection surgery and improve patient outcomes