250 research outputs found
Hardware/Software co-design with ADC-Less In-memory Computing Hardware for Spiking Neural Networks
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are bio-plausible models that hold great
potential for realizing energy-efficient implementations of sequential tasks on
resource-constrained edge devices. However, commercial edge platforms based on
standard GPUs are not optimized to deploy SNNs, resulting in high energy and
latency. While analog In-Memory Computing (IMC) platforms can serve as
energy-efficient inference engines, they are accursed by the immense energy,
latency, and area requirements of high-precision ADCs (HP-ADC), overshadowing
the benefits of in-memory computations. We propose a hardware/software
co-design methodology to deploy SNNs into an ADC-Less IMC architecture using
sense-amplifiers as 1-bit ADCs replacing conventional HP-ADCs and alleviating
the above issues. Our proposed framework incurs minimal accuracy degradation by
performing hardware-aware training and is able to scale beyond simple image
classification tasks to more complex sequential regression tasks. Experiments
on complex tasks of optical flow estimation and gesture recognition show that
progressively increasing the hardware awareness during SNN training allows the
model to adapt and learn the errors due to the non-idealities associated with
ADC-Less IMC. Also, the proposed ADC-Less IMC offers significant energy and
latency improvements, and , respectively, depending
on the SNN model and the workload, compared to HP-ADC IMC.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figure
How to determine local elastic properties of lipid bilayer membranes from atomic-force-microscope measurements: A theoretical analysis
Measurements with an atomic force microscope (AFM) offer a direct way to
probe elastic properties of lipid bilayer membranes locally: provided the
underlying stress-strain relation is known, material parameters such as surface
tension or bending rigidity may be deduced. In a recent experiment a
pore-spanning membrane was poked with an AFM tip, yielding a linear behavior of
the force-indentation curves. A theoretical model for this case is presented
here which describes these curves in the framework of Helfrich theory. The
linear behavior of the measurements is reproduced if one neglects the influence
of adhesion between tip and membrane. Including it via an adhesion balance
changes the situation significantly: force-distance curves cease to be linear,
hysteresis and nonzero detachment forces can show up. The characteristics of
this rich scenario are discussed in detail in this article.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, REVTeX4 style. New version corresponds to the
one accepted by PRE. The result section is restructured: a comparison to
experimental findings is included; the discussion on the influence of
adhesion between AFM tip and membrane is extende
Mapping between dynamic markings and performed loudness: a machine learning approach
This work was supported in part by UK EPSRC Platform Grant for Digital Music (EP/K009559/1), the Spanish TIN project TIMUL (TIN2013-48152- C2-2-R), and the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 688269
Brief of EU Data Protection and Privacy Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent:April 17, 2018. Case No. 17-2. United States of America v. Microsoft Corporation
Brief of EU Data Protection and Privacy Scholars as Amici Curiae in Support of Respondent:April 17, 2018. Case No. 17-2. United States of America v. Microsoft Corporation
Privacy by Design: From Technologies to Architectures (Position Paper)
Existing work on privacy by design mostly focus on technologies rather than
methodologies and on components rather than architectures. In this paper, we
advocate the idea that privacy by design should also be addressed at the
architectural level and be associated with suitable methodologies. Among other
benefits, architectural descriptions enable a more systematic exploration of
the design space. In addition, because privacy is intrinsically a complex
notion that can be in tension with other requirements, we believe that formal
methods should play a key role in this area. After presenting our position, we
provide some hints on how our approach can turn into practice based on ongoing
work on a privacy by design environment
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