NOE Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate in Monomeric and Micellar Systems by NMR Spectroscopy

This paper describes the particular nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in monomeric and micellar systems. Two-dimensional NOE spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of SDS in solution with concentration lower and higher than critical micellar concentration were recorded. In the first case diagonal and cross-peaks have different signs, and the opposite one was in the second case. This paper discusses theoretical background of this effect and we supposed that particular NOE can be used for inspection of SDS micelle formation during NMR researches. As a rough estimate of micelles formation an approach based on the difference between the chemical shifts in the monomer and micellar form of SDS was used. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Wien

Variability of the structure of winter microbial communities in Chelyabinsk lakes

Microorganisms form complex and dynamic communities that play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles of lakes. A high level of urbanization is currently a serious threat to bacterial communities and the ecosystem of freshwater bodies. To assess the contribution of anthropogenic load to variations in the structure of winter microbial communities in lakes, microorganisms of four water bodies of Chelyabinsk region were studied for the first time. We used cultural, chromatography-mass spectrometric, and modern methods of statistical data processing (particularly, multivariate exploratory analysis and canonical analysis of correspondences). The research showed that the composition of winter microbial communities in lakes Chebarkul’, Smolino, Pervoye, and Shershenevskoye Reservoir did not differ significantly between the main phyla of microorganisms. The dominant microorganisms were found to be of the Firmicutes phylum and Actinobacteria phylum. The structure of bacterial communities had special features depending on the characteristics of the water body and the sampling depths. Thus, in the lakes Smolino, Pervoye, and Shershenevskoye Reservoir, an important role was played by associations between microorganisms – indicators of fecal contamination: coliform bacteria and Enterococcus. On the contrary, in Chebarkul’ Lake, members of the genus Bacillus, which are natural bioremediators, formed stable winter associations. However, the differences between water bodies and sampling depths reflected 28.1% and 9.8% of the variability of the winter microbial communities, respectively. The largest contribution (about 60%) to the variability of the structure was made by intra-water processes, which determined the high heterogeneity of samples from different water areas. We assume that an important role in this variability was played by the high anthropogenic impact in a large industrial metropolis. In our opinion, this line of research is very promising for addressing key environmental issues

Effect of the reverse shock on the parameters of the observed X-Ray emission during the 1998 outburst of CI Cam

Based on the model of interaction between spherically symmetrical expanding matter and the external medium, we have estimated the parameters of the matter heated by the shock that was produced in the envelope ejected by the explosion of a classical nova during its interaction with the stellar wind from the optical companion. Using this model, we have shown that the matter ejected during the outburst in the system CI Cam had no steep velocity gradients and that the reverse shock could heat the ejected matter only to a temperature of ~0.1 keV. Therefore, this matter did not contribute to the mean temperature and luminosity of the system observed in the energy range 3-20 keV.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Study of the Fast X-Ray Transient XTE J1901+014 Based on INTEGRAL, RXTE and ROSAT Data

The source XTE J1901+014 discovered by the RXTE observatory during an intense outburst of hard radiation and classified as a fast X-ray transient is studied. The source's spectral characteristics in the quiescent state have been investigated for the first time both in the soft X-ray energy range (0.6-20 keV) based on ROSAT and RXTE data and in the hard energy range (>20 keV) based on INTEGRAL data. A timing analysis of the source's properties has revealed weak nonperiodic bursts of activity on time scales of several tens of seconds and two intense ($\sim$0.5-1 Crab) outbursts more than several hundred seconds in duration. Certain assumptions about the nature of the object under study are made.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figure

A new fireworm (Amphinomidae) from the Cretaceous of Lebanon identified from three-dimensionally preserved myoanatomy

© 2015 Parry et al. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. The attached file is the published version of the article

ULTRAFINE MODIFYING ZEOLITE ADDITIVE FOR GYPSUM CONCRETE

Ultrafine modifying additive obtained mechano-chemical activation of natural zeolite rocks and plasticizer dibutylphthalate. Shows the effect of additives on the properties and microstructure of gypsum concrete

Policy Updating Technical Supply On the Example of a Complete Transformer Substation

Для описания и анализа сроков замены оборудования, имеющего наработку, применяется аппарат динамического программирования. В настоящей работе используется классический многошаговый принцип оптимальности Беллмана, который включает поиск условно-оптимального решения на каждом шаге и последующую безусловную оптимизацию. На основе предложенного подхода в работе получена стратегия замены оборудования на примере комплектной трансформаторной подстанции, имеющей наработку на начало работы 2 года. Кроме того, была составлена программа на языке программирования Python, реализующая вычислительный процесс.A dynamic programming apparatus is used to describe and analyze the timing of replacement of equipment with operating time. In this paper, we use Bellman's classical multistep optimality principle, which includes the search for a conditionally optimal solution at each step and subsequent unconditional optimization. Based on the proposed approach, a strategy for replacing equipment was obtained in the work on the example of a complete transformer substation, which has an operating time of 2 years at the beginning of operation. In addition, a program was compiled in the Python programming language that implements the computational process