8,832 research outputs found
Population synthesis of HII galaxies
We study the stellar population of galaxies with active star formation,
determining ages of the stellar components by means of spectral population
synthesis of their absorption spectra. The data consist of optical spectra of
185 nearby () emission line galaxies. They are mostly HII
galaxies, but we also include some Starbursts and Seyfert 2s, for comparison
purposes. They were grouped into 19 high signal-to-noise ratio template
spectra, according to their continuum distribution, absorption and emission
line characteristics. The templates were then synthesized with a star cluster
spectral base. The synthesis results indicate that HII galaxies are typically
age-composite stellar systems, presenting important contribution from
generations up to as old as 500 Myr. We detect a significant contribution of
populations with ages older than 1 Gyr in two groups of HII galaxies. The age
distributions of stellar populations among Starbursts can vary considerably
despite similarities in the emission line spectra. In the case of Seyfert 2
groups we obtain important contributions of old population, consistent with a
bulge. From the diversity of star formation histories, we conclude that typical
HII galaxies in the local universe are not systems presently forming their
first stellar generation.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, MNRAS in pres
Assessment of radiographic screen-film systems: a comparison between the use of a microdensitometer and a drum film digitiser
A high-end drum film digitiser (Tango, Germany) and a calibrated linear microdensitometer developed by PTB were used to assess the modulation transfer function (MTF) and the noise power spectra (NPS) of 3 mammographic screen film systems at optical density levels of 0.8, 1.5 and 2.5. The use of a drum scanner to assess MTF and NPS data appears to be adequate but requires an appropriate characterisation of the scanner to verify its internal noise level and its MTF. It is further necessary to calibrate the scanner output in terms of visual diffuse optical densities. Processing of two-dimensional digital data of grating images need to be more strictly defined for accurate MTF measurements of screen-film systems. Nevertheless, even now it seems to be feasible to use commercially available high-end and well calibrated scanners to assess screen film systems. This is especially important for quality assurance purposes because important parameters of screen film systems such like MTF and NPS can now be determined without using sophisticated microdensitometers which are not commercially availabl
Mean-field theory for Bose-Hubbard Model under a magnetic field
We consider the superfluid-insulator transition for cold bosons under an
effective magnetic field. We investigate how the applied magnetic field affects
the Mott transition within mean field theory and find that the critical hopping
strength , increases with the applied field. The increase in the
critical hopping follows the bandwidth of the Hofstadter butterfly at the given
value of the magnetic field. We also calculate the magnetization and superfluid
density within mean field theory.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, published versio
Modeling self-organization of communication and topology in social networks
This paper introduces a model of self-organization between communication and
topology in social networks, with a feedback between different communication
habits and the topology. To study this feedback, we let agents communicate to
build a perception of a network and use this information to create strategic
links. We observe a narrow distribution of links when the communication is low
and a system with a broad distribution of links when the communication is high.
We also analyze the outcome of chatting, cheating, and lying, as strategies to
get better access to information in the network. Chatting, although only
adopted by a few agents, gives a global gain in the system. Contrary, a global
loss is inevitable in a system with too many liarsComment: 6 pages 7 figures, Java simulation available at
http://cmol.nbi.dk/models/inforew/inforew.htm
Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Novel Regulators of Growth in Drosophila melanogaster.
Organismal size depends on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses in humans have implied many genes in the control of height but suffer from the inability to control the environment. Genetic analyses in Drosophila have identified conserved signaling pathways controlling size; however, how these pathways control phenotypic diversity is unclear. We performed GWA of size traits using the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel of inbred, sequenced lines. We find that the top associated variants differ between traits and sexes; do not map to canonical growth pathway genes, but can be linked to these by epistasis analysis; and are enriched for genes and putative enhancers. Performing GWA on well-studied developmental traits under controlled conditions expands our understanding of developmental processes underlying phenotypic diversity
Properties of spin-triplet, even-parity superconductors
The physical consequences of the spin-triplet, even-parity pairing that has
been predicted to exist in disordered two-dimensional electron systems are
considered in detail. We show that the presence of an attractive interaction in
the particle-particle spin-triplet channel leads to an instability of the
normal metal that competes with the localizing effects of the disorder. The
instability is characterized by a diverging length scale, and has all of the
characteristics of a continuous phase transition. The transition and the
properties of the ordered phase are studied in mean-field theory, and by taking
into account Gaussian fluctuations. We find that the ordered phase is indeed a
superconductor with an ordinary Meissner effect and a free energy that is lower
than that of the normal metal. Various technical points that have given rise to
confusion in connection with this and other manifestations of odd-gap
superconductivity are also discussed.Comment: 15 pp., REVTeX, psfig, 2 ps figs, final version as publishe
Measuring the Density Matrix by Local Addressing
We introduce a procedure to measure the density matrix of a material system.
The density matrix is addressed locally in this scheme by applying a sequence
of delayed light pulses. The procedure is based on the stimulated Raman
adiabatic passage (STIRAP) technique. It is shown that a series of population
measurements on the target state of the population transfer process yields
unambiguous information about the populations and coherences of the addressed
states, which therefore can be determined.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Assessment of radiographic screen-film systems: a comparison between the use of a microdensitometer and a drum film digitiser
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