189 research outputs found
Antiproton annihilation on light nuclei at very low energies
The recent experimental data obtained by the OBELIX group on D and
He total annihilation cross sections are analyzed. The combined
analysis of these data with existing antiprotonic atom data allows, for the
first time, the imaginary parts of the S-wave scattering lengths for the two
nuclei to be extracted. The obtained values are: for D and for He. This
analysis indicates an unexpected behaviour of the imaginary part of the
-nucleus S-wave scattering length as a function of the atomic weight
A: (p) > (D) > (He).Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure
Frequency shifts in gravitational resonance spectroscopy
Quantum states of ultracold neutrons in the gravitational field are to be
characterized through gravitational resonance spectroscopy. This paper
discusses systematic effects that appear in the spectroscopic measurements. The
discussed frequency shifts, which we call Stern-Gerlach shift, interference
shift, and spectator state shift, appear in conceivable measurement schemes and
have general importance. These shifts have to be taken into account in
precision experiments
Quasi-specular albedo of cold neutrons from powder of nanoparticles
We predicted and observed for the first time the quasi-specular albedo of
cold neutrons at small incidence angles from a powder of nanoparticles. This
albedo (reflection) is due to multiple neutron small-angle scattering. The
reflection angle as well as the half-width of angular distribution of reflected
neutrons is approximately equal to the incidence angle. The measured reflection
probability was equal to ~30% within the detector angular size that corresponds
to 40-50% total calculated probability of quasi-specular reflection
Attraction of Planococcus ficus males to racemic and chiral pheromone baits: flight activity and bait longevity
The vine mealybug (VM), Planococcus ficus (Signoret), is a worldwide pest
and affects mainly grapevine and figs. In Israel, (S)-lavandulyl senecioate
[(S)-LS] and (S)-lavandulyl isovalerate [(S)-LI] were identified from
VM reared for several generations on potato sprouts, when compared
with the identification of only (S)-LS from feral females. Racemic lavandulyl
senecioate (LS) can be used for fieldwork because the unnatural
enantiomer is benign and does not affect the activity of the pheromone.
Lures loaded with 200 lg of LS remained active for 24 weeks but it is
recommended to replace lures after 12 weeks to preserve constant and
high attractiveness. Delta sticky traps, baited with 50 or 200 lg of LS
were used to determine the daily flight pattern and the seasonal flight
activity including vine plant infestation. A positive correlation between
peak mealybug density and male capture was observed strengthening
the usefulness of the pheromone traps for monitoring the pest. Addition
of racemic or the two enantiomers of lavandulyl isovalerate (LI) to LS
decreased the capture of VM males. The level of inhibition varied during
2003–2004. Both enantiomers of LI displayed the same antagonistic
activity. Addition of (S)-lavandulol to the pheromone resulted in shutdown
of the traps. Inhibition by the antipode, (R)-lavandulol, was moderate
indicating a certain degree of chiral discriminatio
Antiproton-deuteron annihilation at low energies
Recent experimental studies of the antiproton-deuteron system at low energies
have shown that the imaginary part of the antiproton-deuteron scattering length
is smaller than the antiproton-proton one. Two- and three-body systems with
strong annihilation are investigated and a mechanism explaining this unexpected
relation between the imaginary parts of the scattering lengths is proposed.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, to be published in The European Physical Journal
Decentralized control of a group of quadrocopters using the molecular dynamics method
The development of artificial intelligence systems based on various principles, including anthropomorphic and nature-like systems, as well as progress in the construction of quadrocopters for various purposes, made relevant the practical application of these tools for the effective monitoring of underlying surfaces by groups of such devices. The solution of this problem is associated with the effective control of them in conditions of passive and active interference that impedes the fulfillment of missions, as well as with the problem of reconfiguring their construction in case of fail.
The model obtained in the work and the calculations made it possible to conclude that the use of the following approach in the future will allow the creation of a self-government system by an independent group of quadrocopters, capable of performing various missions without control from the Earth under conditions of active and passive interference, as well as with permanent failure of quadrocopters
Storage of very cold neutrons in a trap with nano-structured walls
We report on storage of Very Cold Neutrons (VCN) in a trap with walls
containing powder of diamond nanoparticles. The efficient VCN reflection is
provided by multiple diffusive elastic scattering of VCN at single
nanoparticles in powder. The VCN storage times are sufficiently long for
accumulating large density of neutrons with complete VCN energy range of up to
a few times 10(-4) eV. Methods for further improvements of VCN storage times
are discussed
Incidence and Severity of Acute Myocardial Injury after Thoracic Surgery: Effects of Nicorandil
Aim. To study the perioperative dynamics of myocardial injury biomarkers high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and soluble ST2 (sST2) when taking nicorandil in lung cancer patients with concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing surgical lung resection.Material and methods. The study included 54 patients (11 women and 43 men) with non-small cell lung cancer and concomitant stable CHD who underwent lung resection in the volume of lobectomy or pneumonectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to the nicorandil group (oral administration 10 mg BID for 7 days before and 3 days after surgery; n=27) and the control group (n=27). In the study groups, the perioperative dynamics of hscTnI, IMA and sST2, determined in the blood before and 24 and 48h after surgery, were compared. We calculated the incidence of acute myocardial injury in the groups, which was diagnosed in cases of postoperative hs-cTnI increase of more than one 99th percentile of the upper reference limit. The associations of nicorandil intake and acute myocardial injury were evaluated.Results. The groups were comparable in gender, age, basic clinical characteristics, as well as baseline levels of myocardial injury biomarkers. After the intervention, both samples showed an increase in the hs-cTnI and sST2 levels and a decrease in IMA concentration (all p<0.02 for related group differences). In the nicorandil group, in comparison with the control one, 48h after surgery, we found lower mean levels of hs-cTnI [16.7 (11.9;39.7) vs 44.3 (15.0;130.7) ng/l; p<0.05) and sST2 [62.8 (43.6;70.1) vs 76.5 (50.2;87.1) ng/ml; p<0.05), concentration increase rates of hs-cTnI [14.8 (0.7;42.2) vs 32.5 (14.0;125.0) ng/l; p<0.01) and sST2 [24.4 (10.3;42.4) vs 47.4 (17.5;65.3) ng/ml; p<0.05), as well as highest concentrations for the entire postoperative period of hs-cTnI [30.7 (12.0;53.7) vs 79.0 (20.3;203.3) ng/L, p<0.01] and sST2 [99.8 (73.6;162.5) vs 147.8 (87.8;207.7) ng/mL; p<0.05]. The serum IMA decreased when taking nicorandil to a greater extent [-8.0 (-12.6; -2.0) vs -2.7 (-6.0; +5.5) ng/ ml; p<0.01] 24h after surgery. Acute myocardial injury was diagnosed in 7 people in the nicorandil group (25.9%) and in 15 in the control one (55.6%; pχ2=0.027). The adjusted odds ratio of acute myocardial injury when taking nicorandil was 0.35 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.83, p=0.017).Conclusion. Taking nicorandil in patients with lung cancer and concomitant CHD who underwent surgical lung resection is associated with a lower postoperative increase in hs-cTnI and sST2 and a reduced risk of acute myocardial injury, which may indicate the cardioprotective effect of nicorandil under acute surgical stress conditions
Generalized compactness in linear spaces and its applications
The class of subsets of locally convex spaces called -compact sets is
considered. This class contains all compact sets as well as several noncompact
sets widely used in applications. It is shown that many results well known for
compact sets can be generalized to -compact sets. Several examples are
considered.
The main result of the paper is a generalization to -compact convex sets
of the Vesterstrom-O'Brien theorem showing equivalence of the particular
properties of a compact convex set (s.t. openness of the mixture map, openness
of the barycenter map and of its restriction to maximal measures, continuity of
a convex hull of any continuous function, continuity of a convex hull of any
concave continuous function). It is shown that the Vesterstrom-O'Brien theorem
does not hold for pointwise -compact convex sets defined by the slight
relaxing of the -compactness condition. Applications of the obtained
results to quantum information theory are considered.Comment: 27 pages, the minor corrections have been mad
The AMS-02 RICH Imager Prototype - In-Beam Tests with 20 GeV/c per Nucleon Ions -
A prototype of the AMS Cherenkov imager (RICH) has been tested at CERN by
means of a low intensity 20 GeV/c per nucleon ion beam obtained by
fragmentation of a primary beam of Pb ions. Data have been collected with a
single beam setting, over the range of nuclear charges 2<Z<~45 in various beam
conditions and using different radiators. The charge Z and velocity beta
resolutions have been measured.Comment: 4 pages, contribution to the ICRC 200
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