64,464 research outputs found
Phase Diagram of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Helimagnet Ba2CuGe2O7 in Canted Magnetic Fields
The evolution of different magnetic structures of non-centrosymmetric
Ba2CuGe2O7 is systematically studied as function of the orientation of the
magnetic field H. Neutron diffraction in combination with measurements of
magnetization and specific heat show a virtually identical behaviour of the
phase diagram of Ba2CuGe2O7 for H confined in both the (1,0,0) and (1,1,0)
plane. The existence of a recently proposed incommensurate double-k AF-cone
phase is confirmed in a narrow range for H close to the tetragonal c-axis. For
large angles enclosed by H and the c-axis a complexely distorted non-sinusoidal
magnetic structure has recently been observed. We show that its critical field
Hc systematically increases for larger canting. Measurements of magnetic
susceptibility and specific heat finally indicate the existence of an
incommensurate/commensurate transition for H /sim 9 T applied in the basal
(a,b)-plane and agree with a non-planar, distorted cycloidal magnetic
structure.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figure
Analogue Casimir Radiation using an Optical Para- metric Oscillator
We establish an explicit analogy between the dynamical Casimir effect and the
photon emission of a thin non-linear crystal pumped inside a cavity. This
allows us to propose a system based on a type-I optical parametric oscillator
(OPO) to simulate a cavity oscillating in vacuum at optical frequencies. The
resulting photon flux is expected to be more easily detectable than with a
mechanical excitation of the mirrors. We conclude by comparing different
theoretical predictions and suggest that our experimental proposal could help
discriminate between them.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, epl2 stylefile necessary to compil
Fermions in gravity and gauge backgrounds on a brane world
We solve the fermionic zero modes in gravity and gauge backgrounds on a brane
involving a warped geometry, and study the localization of spin 1/2 fermionic
field on the brane world. The result is that there exist massless spin 1/2
fermions which can be localized on the bulk with the exponentially decreasing
warp factor if including U(1) gauge background. Two special cases of gauge
backgrounds on the extra dimensional manifold are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, no figures, final versio
Geometric phase and quantum phase transition in an inhomogeneous periodic XY spin-1/2 model
The notion of geometric phase has been recently introduced to analyze the
quantum phase transitions of many-body systems from the geometrical
perspective. In this work, we study the geometric phase of the ground state for
an inhomogeneous period-two anisotropic XY model in a transverse field. This
model encompasses a group of familiar spin models as its special cases and
shows a richer critical behavior. The exact solution is obtained by mapping on
a fermionic system through the Jordan-Wigner transformation and constructing
the relevant canonical transformation to realize the diagonalization of the
Hamiltonian coupled in the -space. The results show that there may exist
more than one quantum phase transition point at some parameter regions and
these transition points correspond to the divergence or extremum properties of
the Berry curvature.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. As a backup of a previous work and some typos in
the published version are fixe
Interactions between a massless tensor field with the mixed symmetry of the Riemann tensor and a massless vector field
Consistent couplings between a massless tensor field with the mixed symmetry
of the Riemann tensor and a massless vector field are analyzed in the framework
of Lagrangian BRST cohomology. Under the assumptions on smoothness, locality,
Lorentz covariance, and Poincare invariance of the deformations, combined with
the requirement that the interacting Lagrangian is at most second-order
derivative, it is proved that there are no consistent cross-interactions
between a single massless tensor field with the mixed symmetry of the Riemann
tensor and one massless vector field.Comment: LaTeX, 24 page
The effect of learning context on L2 listening development
Little research has been done on the effect of learning context on L2 listening development. Motivated by DeKeyser’s (2015) skill acquisition theory of second language acquisition, this study compares L2 listening development in study abroad (SA) and at home (AH) contexts from both language knowledge and processing perspectives. One hundred forty-nine Chinese postgraduates studying in either China or the United Kingdom participated in a battery of listening tasks at the beginning and at the end of an academic year. These tasks measure auditory vocabulary knowledge and listening processing efficiency (i.e., accuracy, speed, and stability of processing) in word recognition, grammatical processing, and semantic analysis. Results show that, provided equal starting levels, the SA learners made more progress than the AH learners in speed of processing across the language processing tasks, with less clear results for vocabulary acquisition. Studying abroad may be an effective intervention for L2 learning, especially in terms of processing speed
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Trace doping of multiple elements enables stable battery cycling of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V
LiCoO2 is a dominant cathode material for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries due to its high volumetric energy density, which could potentially be further improved by charging to high voltages. However, practical adoption of high-voltage charging is hindered by LiCoO2’s structural instability at the deeply delithiated state and the associated safety concerns. Here, we achieve stable cycling of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V (versus Li/Li+) through trace Ti–Mg–Al co-doping. Using state-of-the-art synchrotron X-ray imaging and spectroscopic techniques, we report the incorporation of Mg and Al into the LiCoO2 lattice, which inhibits the undesired phase transition at voltages above 4.5 V. We also show that, even in trace amounts, Ti segregates significantly at grain boundaries and on the surface, modifying the microstructure of the particles while stabilizing the surface oxygen at high voltages. These dopants contribute through different mechanisms and synergistically promote the cycle stability of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V
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Electron-transfer initiated nucleophilic substitution of thiophenolate anion by 1-chloro-substituted 4-(thiazol-2-ylazo)naphthalenes
In this work, the electrochemical transformation of 5-chloro-2-[(4-chloronaphthalen-1-yl)azo]thiazoles (A) into the corresponding radical anion A·− and its subsequent reaction with diphenyldisulfide (PhSSPh) was studied. It was found that the primarily generated azo anion radical A·− is able to initiate an electron transfer process which converts the disulfide into its thiolate anion PhS−. This anion was subsequently able to substitute the Cl- and H-groups by phenylmercapto moieties in the starting azo compound A. The structures of the phenylmercapto-substituted azo compounds thus generated were confirmed by thin-layer chromatography and mass spectrometry using independently prepared compounds as references
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