6,127 research outputs found
A framework for closed-loop supply chains of reusable articles
Reuse practices contribute to the environmental and economical sustainability of production and distribution systems. Surprisingly, reuse closed-loop supply chains (CLSC) have not been widely researched for the moment. In this paper, we explore the scientific literature on reuse and we propose a framework for reusable articles. This conceptual structure includes a typology integrating under the reusable articles term different categories of articles (transportation items, packaging materials, tools) and addresses the management issues that arise in reuse CLSC. We ground our results in a set of case studies developed in real industrial settings, which have also been contrasted with cases available in existing literature.reverse logistics;case studies;closed-loop supply chains;returns managment
Dynamical analysis of the cluster pair: A3407 + A3408
We carried out a dynamical study of the galaxy cluster pair A3407 \& A3408
based on a spectroscopic survey obtained with the 4 meter Blanco telescope at
the CTIO, plus 6dF data, and ROSAT All-Sky-Survey. The sample consists of 122
member galaxies brighter than . Our main goal is to probe the galaxy
dynamics in this field and verify if the sample constitutes a single galaxy
system or corresponds to an ongoing merging process. Statistical tests were
applied to clusters members showing that both the composite system A3407 +
A3408 as well as each individual cluster have Gaussian velocity distribution. A
velocity gradient of was identified around
the principal axis of the projected distribution of galaxies, indicating that
the global field may be rotating. Applying the KMM algorithm to the
distribution of galaxies we found that the solution with two clusters is better
than the single unit solution at the 99\% c.l. This is consistent with the
X-ray distribution around this field, which shows no common X-ray halo
involving A3407 and A3408. We also estimated virial masses and applied a
two-body model to probe the dynamics of the pair. The more likely scenario is
that in which the pair is gravitationally bound and probably experiences a
collapse phase, with the cluster cores crossing in less than 1
Gyr, a pre-merger scenario. The complex X-ray morphology, the gas temperature,
and some signs of galaxy evolution in A3408 suggests a post-merger scenario,
with cores having crossed each other Gyr ago, as an
alternative solution.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS, accepted 2016 May 9.
Received 2016 May 9; in original form 2016 April 1
On the absence of acylated anthocyanins in some wild grapevine accessions
Our current research is focused on the anthocyanin composition of female grape accessions, mostly Spanish, preserved at El Encín Germplasm Bank. In 2008, berries of 126 accessions were taken at maturity. After the extraction from grape skins, total anthocyans were determined by spectrophotometry, and the anthocyanin fingerprint of grapes by HPLC, considering the relative amount of 15 anthocyanins. Among those 126 accessions, 23 genotypes (18.25 %) did not present acylated anthocyanins. Thus, those 23 genotypes presented a characteristic anthocyanin fingerprint, similar at a certain extent to that presented by some Rhine basin and Italian grape cultivars, e.g., 'Pinot Noir' and 'Gaglioppo'. Nevertheless, the absence of acylated anthocyanins has not been described in any Spanish grape cultivar. The examination of the anthocyanin fingerprint of wild grapes without acylated anthocyanins reveals that the regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis may differ in various wild grape accessions.
Haffner 16: A Young Moving Group in the Making
The photometric properties of main sequence (MS) and pre-main sequence (PMS)
stars in the young cluster Haffner 16 are examined using images recorded with
the Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager (GSAOI) and corrected for atmospheric
blurring by the Gemini Multi-Conjugate Adapative Optics System (GeMS). A rich
population of PMS stars is identified, and comparisons with isochrones suggest
an age < 10 Myr assuming a distance modulus of 13.5 (D = 5 kpc). When compared
with the solar neighborhood, Haffner 16 is roughly a factor of two deficient in
objects with sub-solar masses. PMS objects in the cluster are also more
uniformly distributed on the sky than bright MS stars. It is suggested that
Haffner 16 is dynamically evolved, and that it is shedding protostars with
sub-solar masses. Young low mass clusters like Haffner 16 are one possible
source of PMS stars in the field. The cluster will probably evolve on time
scales of ~ 100 - 1000 Myr into a diffuse moving group with a mass function
that is very different from that which prevailed early in its life.Comment: To appear in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of the
Pacifi
GeMs/GSAOI observations of La Serena 94: an old and far open cluster inside the solar circle
Physical properties were derived for the candidate open cluster La Serena 94,
recently unveiled by the VVV collaboration. Thanks to the exquisite angular
resolution provided by GeMS/GSAOI, we could characterize this system in detail,
for the first time, with deep photometry in JHK - bands. Decontaminated
JHK diagrams reach about 5 mag below the cluster turnoff in H. The locus
of red clump giants in the colour - colour diagram, together with an extinction
law, was used to obtain an average extinction of . The
same stars were considered as standard - candles to derive the cluster
distance, kpc. Isochrones were matched to the cluster colour -
magnitude diagrams to determine its age, , and
metallicity, . A core radius of pc was
found by fitting King models to the radial density profile. By adding up the
visible stellar mass to an extrapolated mass function, the cluster mass was
estimated as M, consistent with an
integrated magnitude of and a tidal radius of
pc. The overall characteristics of La Serena 94 confirm that
it is an old open cluster located in the Crux spiral arm towards the fourth
Galactic quadrant and distant kpc from the Galactic centre. The
cluster distorted structure, mass segregation and age indicate that it is a
dynamically evolved stellar system.Comment: 16 pages, 24 figures, 2 Tables, accepted by MNRAS; corrected typo
Star formation in low density HI gas around the Elliptical Galaxy NGC2865
Interacting galaxies surrounded by HI tidal debris are ideal sites for the
study of young clusters and tidal galaxy formation. The process that triggers
star formation in the low-density environments outside galaxies is still an
open question. New clusters and galaxies of tidal origin are expected to have
high metallicities for their luminosities. Spectroscopy of such objects is,
however, at the limit of what can be done with existing 8-10m class telescopes,
which has prevented statistical studies of these objects. NGC2865 is an
UV-bright merging elliptical galaxy with shells and extended HI tails. The
regions observed in this work were previously detected using multi-slit imaging
spectroscopy. We obtain new multislit spectroscopy of six young star-forming
regions around NGC2865, to determine their redshifts and metallicities. The six
emission-line regions are located 16-40 kpc from NGC2865 and they have similar
redshifts. They have ages of ~10Myears and an average metallicity of
12+log(O/H) ~ 8.6, suggesting a tidal origin for the regions. It is noted that
they coincide with an extended HI tail, which has projected density of N
< 10 cm, and displays a low surface brightness counterpart. These
regions may represent the youngest of the three populations of star clusters
already identified in NGC2865. The high, nearly-solar, oxygen abundances found
for the six regions in the vicinity of NGC2865 suggest that they were formed by
pre-enriched material from the parent galaxy, from gas removed during the last
major merger. Given the mass and the location of the HII regions, we can
speculate that these young star-forming regions are potential precursors of
globular clusters that will be part of the halo of NGC2865 in the future. Our
result supports the use of the multi-slit imaging spectroscopy as a useful tool
for finding nearly-formed stellar systems around galaxies.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures accepted in A&
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Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes clavicular infection.
Cutibacterium (formerly Propionibacterium) acnes13, 16 is a slow growing, gram-positive bacteria that is naturally found in higher concentrations as skin flora on the chest and back, as well as in other areas with greater numbers of hair follicles.25, 37 Most of the reported cases of C. acnes shoulder girdle infection follow arthroplasty surgery,18, 20, 26, 27, 32, 35 which then often requires debridement, administration of intravenous antibiotics, and surgical revision of the implanted device.12, 15, 21, 28-30 In a recent study, 56% of 193 shoulder revisions had a positive culture, 70% of which grew C. acnes.30 Despite the relatively common presumed association of C. acnes humeral osteomyelitis with prosthetic infection, infection of the scapula or clavicle secondary to C. acnes is rare.4, 23, 36 Osteomyelitis of the clavicle involving any organism is also an uncommon event that can arise spontaneously via presumed hematogenous spread, or secondary to open fractures or internal fixation.6, 33 The most commonly found organism in clavicular osteomyelitis is Staphylococcus aureus.9 We here report two cases of clavicular infection secondary to C. acnes that were not associated with implants
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