597 research outputs found
The Struggle to Make Ends Meet: Teen Employment and the 1996 Federal Welfare Legislation
This study investigates the possibility that teens in more economically-disadvantaged families may have entered the labor market in response to the 1996 welfare legislation that replaced AFDC with TANF. Data are from the outgoing rotation groups of the Current Population Survey (CPS) from September 1995-May 1996 (pre-TANF) and from September 2000-May 2001 (post-TANF). To identify the policy\u27s effect, we compare changes in the employment of teens in economically-disadvantaged families over the study period with changes in the employment of their more advantaged counterparts (a difference-in-difference methodology). We find that teen employment significantly increased among those in economically-disadvantaged families relative to their more-advantaged counterparts, even after controlling for macroeconomic conditions, among other factors. Our results suggest that TANF\u27s pro-employment effects go beyond the effects previously identified for single mothers
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Lubbock County Pilot Study for Development of a Hydrogeologic Geographic Information System (HGIS) to Support TNRCC Implemation of Risk Reduction Rules
Regional hydrologic, geologic, soils, and cultural background information and data from 217 leaking petroleum storage tank (LPST) sites in Lubbock County, Texas, are used to construct an Arc/INFO Geographic Information System (GIS). The study evaluates the use of this technology to provide context information for new site evaluation and risk assessment as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of past site characterization, risk assessment, and remediation strategies. Methods and costs of producing the database in this pilot study are described.
Several analyses of these data are presented as a demonstration of the uses of this tool. The heterogeneity within the unsaturated zone is characterized spatially and statistically. Hydrologic variables including water level and hydraulic conductivity from well tests are mapped. The effect of this observed variability on Risk-Based Corrective Action (RBCA) calculations is assessed. The evolution of contaminant plumes can be viewed, and relationships between plumes and water-supply wells quantified.
This pilot study demonstrates an application of GIS technology to a moderate-size dataset of contaminated-site information. The demonstration is intended not only to provide information about the Lubbock County study area but also to serve as a prototype and feasibility study for the application of this technology to other large contaminated-site datasets, including LPST-site data in other major urban areas, other types of contaminated sites, and industry applications.Bureau of Economic Geolog
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Transcriptional down-regulation of ccr5 in a subset of HIV+ controllers and their family members.
HIV +Elite and Viremic controllers (EC/VCs) are able to control virus infection, perhaps because of host genetic determinants. We identified 16% (21 of 131) EC/VCs with CD4 +T cells with resistance specific to R5-tropic HIV, reversed after introduction of ccr5. R5 resistance was not observed in macrophages and depended upon the method of T cell activation. CD4 +T cells of these EC/VCs had lower ccr2 and ccr5 RNA levels, reduced CCR2 and CCR5 cell-surface expression, and decreased levels of secreted chemokines. T cells had no changes in chemokine receptor mRNA half-life but instead had lower levels of active transcription of ccr2 and ccr5, despite having more accessible chromatin by ATAC-seq. Other nearby genes were also down-regulated, over a region of ~500 kb on chromosome 3p21. This same R5 resistance phenotype was observed in family members of an index VC, also associated with ccr2/ccr5 down-regulation, suggesting that the phenotype is heritable
Advancing Cervical Cancer Prevention in India: Implementation Science Priorities
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in India, accounting for 17% of all cancer deaths among women aged 30 to 69 years. At current incidence rates, the annual burden of new cases in India is projected to increase to 225,000 by 2025, but there are few large-scale, organized cervical cancer prevention programs in the country. We conducted a review of the cervical cancer prevention research literature and programmatic experiences in India to summarize the current state of knowledge and practices and recommend research priorities to address the gap in services. We found that research and programs in India have demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of cervical cancer prevention efforts and that screening strategies requiring minimal additional human resources and laboratory infrastructure can reduce morbidity and mortality. However, additional evidence generated through implementation science research is needed to ensure that cervical cancer prevention efforts have the desired impact and are cost-effective. Specifically, implementation science research is needed to understand individual- and community-level barriers to screening and diagnostic and treatment services; to improve health care worker performance; to strengthen links among screening, diagnosis, and treatment; and to determine optimal program design, outcomes, and costs. With a quarter of the global burden of cervical cancer in India, there is no better time than now to translate research findings to practice. Implementation science can help ensure that investments in cervical cancer prevention and control result in the greatest impact
Cotton Stripper Conveyors
The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Factors Affecting Cotton Planting for Mechanized Production Progress Report, 1948-1952
The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
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