Influencia del ambiente edáfico y la fertilización nitrogenada, en cultivares de trigo diferenciados por su potencial

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of soil environment on yield and response of three wheat cultivars to fertilization with three doses (0, 40 and 120 kg.ha-1). The differences were analyzed with analysis of variance and Fisher's LSD test. Gross margins of each treatment were calculated. All four factors tested in this experiment (site, environment, cultivar and fertilization) had a significant influence on crop performance. Yield and fertilization response were related to water availability which differed among environments. The yield component that most affected yield was the number of grains per square meter, showing strong variability among treatments (5000 to 15000 g.m-2). These differences produced a wide range of variation in gross margins between environments, where a negative effect of fertilization in the more moisture limited environment could be observed, while in those with less moisture restrictions a positive contribution of fertilization to gross margin was found.El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del ambiente edáfico sobre el rendimiento y la respuesta de tres variedades de trigo a la fertilización nitrogenada a la siembra (dosis 0, 40 y 120 Kg N.ha-1). Las diferencias fueron evaluadas mediante ANOVA doble y LSD de Fisher. Se calcularon los márgenes brutos por tratamiento. Los cuatro factores considerados en el ensayo (sitio, ambiente, cultivar y fertilización) influenciaron significativamente sobre el cultivo. El rendimiento y la respuesta a la fertilización se relacionaron con la disponibilidad de agua que resultó contrastante entre ambientes. El número de granos m2 fue el componente con mayor incidencia sobre el rendimiento variando ampliamente entre tratamientos (desde 5000 a 15000 granos.m-2). Estas diferencias dieron lugar a un amplio rango de variación en los márgenes brutos entre ambientes, comprobándose un efecto negativo de la fertilización en el ambiente con mayores restricciones y una contribución positiva en el margen bruto en los ambientes con menores restricciones hídricas

Data for: Long-term effects of zero tillage and grazing on soil quality and land productivity in a semiarid environment

supplementary informatio

Influencia del ambiente edáfico y la fertilización nitrogenada, en cultivares de trigo diferenciados por su potencial

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto del ambiente edáfico sobre el rendimiento y la respuesta de tres variedades de trigo a la fertilización nitrogenada a la siembra (dosis 0, 40 y 120 Kg N.ha-1). Las diferencias fueron evaluadas mediante ANOVA doble y LSD de Fisher. Se calcularon los márgenes brutos por tratamiento. Los cuatro factores considerados en el ensayo (sitio, ambiente, cultivar y fertilización) influenciaron significativamente sobre el cultivo. El rendimiento y la respuesta a la fertilización se relacionaron con la disponibilidad de agua que resultó contrastante entre ambientes. El número de granos m2 fue el componente con mayor incidencia sobre el rendimiento variando ampliamente entre tratamientos (desde 5000 a 15000 granos.m-2). Estas diferencias dieron lugar a un amplio rango de variación en los márgenes brutos entre ambientes, comprobándose un efecto negativo de la fertilización en el ambiente con mayores restricciones y una contribución positiva en el margen bruto en los ambientes con menores restricciones hídricas

Managing soil carbon for multiple ecosystem benefits positive exemplars: Latin America (Brazil and Argentina)

Agriculture provides food, fibre and energy, which have been the foundation for the development of all societies. Soil carbon plays an important role in providing essential ecosystem services. Historically, these have been viewed in terms of plant nutrient availability only, with agricultural management being driven to obtain maximum benefits of this soil function. However, recently, agricultural systems have been envisioned to provide a more complete set of ecosystem services, in a win-win situation, in addition to the products normally associated with agriculture. The expansion and growth of agricultural production in Brazil and Argentina brought about a significant loss of soil carbon stocks, and consequently the associated ecosystem services, such as flooding and erosion control, water filtration and storage. There are several examples of soil carbon management for multiple benefits in Brazil and Argentina, with new soil management techniques attempting to reverse this trend by increasing soil carbon (C) stocks. One example is zero tillage, which has the advantage of reducing CO2 emissions from the soil and thus preserving or augmenting C stocks. Crop rotations that include cover crops have been shown to sequester significant amounts of C, both in Brazilian subtropical regions as well as in the Argentinean Pampas. Associated benefits of zero tillage and cover crop rotations include flood and erosion control and improved water filtration and storage. Another positive example is the adoption of no-burning harvest in the vast sugarcane area in Brazil, which also contributes to reduced CO2 emissions, leaving crop residues on the soil surface and thus helping the conservation of essential plant nutrients and improving water storage

From potential to implementation: An innovation framework to realize the benefits of soil carbon

This chapter addresses the mismatch between existing knowledge, techniques and management methods for improved soil carbon management and deficits in its implementation. The paper gives a short overview of the evolution of the concept of soil carbon, which illustrates the interactions between scientific, industrial, technical, societal and economic change. It then goes on to show that sufficient techniques are available for the large-scale implementation of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. A subsequent analysis of the bottlenecks that prevent implementation identifies where issues need to be addressed in order to enable robust, integrated and sustainable SOC management strategies

Land use change effects on soil carbon stocks in the La Plata River Basin.

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Soil carbon, multiple benefits

In March 2013, 40 leading experts from across the world gathered at a workshop, hosted by the European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Italy, to discuss the multiple benefits of soil carbon as part of a Rapid Assessment Process (RAP) project commissioned by Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE). This collaboration led to the publication of the SCOPE Series Volume 71 “Soil Carbon: Science, Management and Policy for Multiple Benefits”; which brings together the essential scientific evidence and policy opportunities regarding the global importance of soil carbon. This short communication summarises the key messages of the assessment including research and policy implications