Registration of the transition radiation with GaAs detector: Data/MC comparison

New developments of pixel detectors based on GaAs sensors offer effective registration of the transition radiation (TR) X-rays and perform simultaneous measurements of their energies and emission angles. This unique feature opens new possibilities for particle identification on the basis of maximum available information about generated TR photons. Results of studies of TR energy-Angular distributions using a 500 |j.m thick GaAs sensor attached to a Timepix3 chip are presented. Measurements, analysis techniques and a comparison with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are described and discussed

Prevalence of electricity theft among households in Lagos State, Nigeria

Power outages and blackouts have continued to characterize household electricity supply despite the desire of Nigerians to have improved quality of electricity supply. Nigeria has an installed electric power capacity of 12,500MW but power sent out daily as at the end of June 2019 was 3,419MW. This is 200kWh per capita, which is a fraction of 4,229kWh per capita for South Africa. Worst still, Nigerians have only 59.3% access to electricity and those connected to the grid face extensive power interruptions. Attainment of stable and reliable electricity supply requires three basic dimensions: technicalities, organisational structures and reduction of Electricity Theft (ET) to the barest minimum. Previous studies have focussed more on the technical and organisational requirements than on issues bothering on ET and its resultant effects on stable electricity supply. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of ET among households in Lagos State, Nigeria. A self-constructed structured questionnaire focusing on demographic characteristics and prevalence of ET was purposively administered to 580 households (area of franchise under Ikeja Electric Plc. = 330, under Eko Electricity Distribution Company = 250), using the statistical sample size determination formula. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to identify and analyse prevalence of ET among households. The extensive Electricity theft among households in Lagos State, Nigeria, was exacerbated by weak enforcement of anti-electricity theft laws with severe consequences on the entire electric power value chain. Strengthening institutions for enforcement and application of anti-electricity theft laws is recommended to mitigate the problem

Improved algorithms for determination of particle directions with Timepix3

Timepix3 pixel detectors have demonstrated great potential for tracking applications. With 256 × 256 pixels, 55 μm pitch and improved resolution in time (1.56 ns) and energy (2 keV at 60 keV), they have become powerful instruments for characterization of unknown radiation fields. A crucial pre-processing step for such analysis is the determination of particle trajectories in 3D space from individual tracks. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of regression methods that tackle this task under the assumption of track linearity. The proposed methods were first evaluated on a simulation and assessed by their accuracy and computational time. Selected methods were then validated with a real-world dataset, which was measured in a well-known radiation field. Finally, the presented methods were applied to experimental data from the Large Hadron Collider. The best-performing methods achieved a mean absolute error of 1.99° and 3.90° in incidence angle θ and azimuth φ, respectively. The fastest presented method required a mean computational time of 0.02 ps per track. For all experimental applications, we present angular maps and stopping power spectra.Timepix3 pixel detectors have demonstrated great potential for tracking applications. With 256 × 256 pixels, 55 μm pitch and improved resolution in time (1.56 ns) and energy (2 keV at 60 keV), they have become powerful instruments for characterization of unknown radiation fields. A crucial pre-processing step for such analysis is the determination of particle trajectories in 3D space from individual tracks. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of regression methods that tackle this task under the assumption of track linearity. The proposed methods were first evaluated on a simulation and assessed by their accuracy and computational time. Selected methods were then validated with a real-world dataset, which was measured in a well-known radiation field. Finally, the presented methods were applied to experimental data from the Large Hadron Collider. The best-performing methods achieved a mean absolute error of 1.99° and 3.90° in incidence angle θ and azimuth φ, respectively. The fastest presented method required a mean computational time of 0.02 ps per track. For all experimental applications, we present angular maps and stopping power spectra

Improved algorithms for determination of particle directions with Timepix3

Timepix3 pixel detectors have demonstrated great potential for tracking applications. With 256 × 256 pixels, 55 μm pitch and improved resolution in time (1.56 ns) and energy (2 keV at 60 keV), they have become powerful instruments for characterization of unknown radiation fields. A crucial pre-processing step for such analysis is the determination of particle trajectories in 3D space from individual tracks. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of regression methods that tackle this task under the assumption of track linearity. The proposed methods were first evaluated on a simulation and assessed by their accuracy and computational time. Selected methods were then validated with a real-world dataset, which was measured in a well-known radiation field. Finally, the presented methods were applied to experimental data from the Large Hadron Collider. The best-performing methods achieved a mean absolute error of 1.99° and 3.90° in incidence angle θ and azimuth φ, respectively. The fastest presented method required a mean computational time of 0.02 ps per track. For all experimental applications, we present angular maps and stopping power spectra.Timepix3 pixel detectors have demonstrated great potential for tracking applications. With 256 × 256 pixels, 55 μm pitch and improved resolution in time (1.56 ns) and energy (2 keV at 60 keV), they have become powerful instruments for characterization of unknown radiation fields. A crucial pre-processing step for such analysis is the determination of particle trajectories in 3D space from individual tracks. This study presents a comprehensive comparison of regression methods that tackle this task under the assumption of track linearity. The proposed methods were first evaluated on a simulation and assessed by their accuracy and computational time. Selected methods were then validated with a real-world dataset, which was measured in a well-known radiation field. Finally, the presented methods were applied to experimental data from the Large Hadron Collider. The best-performing methods achieved a mean absolute error of 1.99° and 3.90° in incidence angle θ and azimuth φ, respectively. The fastest presented method required a mean computational time of 0.02 ps per track. For all experimental applications, we present angular maps and stopping power spectra