Prolapso de la glándula lacrimal del tercer párpado

El prolapso de la glándula lacrimal del tercer párpado es relativamente frecuente en oftalmología canina. La exéresis glandular es una técnica sencilla, aunque puede presentar complicaciones a largo plazo. La adenopexia debería ser la primera elección quirúrgica, su resultado depende de una adecuada exposición de la esclerótica, del tamaño de la glándula y de la calidad del material de sutura empleado.Protrusion of the membrane nictitans gland is a common occurrence in veterinary ophthalmology. Although excision of the gland is an easy technique, it can develop serious further complications. Adenopexia should be the first surgical election, iss success depends on the clear sclera exposure, the gland size and the quality of the suture material employed

POLYBIUS2020, a cost-effective underwater autonomous video system to record fishing gear selectivity performance catching fish and marine litter

Underwater video cameras are a highly versatile survey solution for marine fisheries research. The POLYBIUS2020 is a system specially designed to be used as a tool for video recording inside towed fishing gears. Its design allows for rapid installation onboard commercial fishing vessels as well as for quick reconfiguration and battery replacement. The system is based on simple commercial components to ensure low costs and the opportunity of future studies using house technology. The field experiments carried out have shown the flexibility and ability of the system to obtain key information about fishing selectivity, flora and fauna characterization and marine litter presence

Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea in surgical service patients in Mexico

Introduction: Clostridium difficile is the first cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea in developed countries. In recent years the incidence of C. difficile infection (CDI) has increased worldwide. There is not much information on the topic in Mexico, and little is known about the risk factors for the infection in patients that are hospitalized in surgical services. Materials and methods: A case-control study was conducted that compared the epidemiologic findings and risk factors between surgical patients with PCR-confirmed CDI, surgical patients with diarrhea and a negative PCR test, and surgical patients with no diarrhea. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 22.0 program. Results: The majority of the surgical patients with CDI belonged to the areas of neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, orthopedics, and general surgery. A total of 53% of the CDI cases were associated with the hypervirulent CD NAP1/027 strain. The presence of mucus in stools (OR: 1.5, p = 0.001), fever (OR: 1.4, p = 0.011), leukocytes in stools (OR: 3.2, p < 0.001), hospitalization within the past twelve weeks (OR: 2.0, p < 0.001), antibiotic use (OR: 1.3, p = 0.023), and ceftriaxone use (OR: 1.4, p = 0.01) were independent risk factors for the development of CDI

Diarrea asociada a Clostridioides difficile en pacientes de servicios quirúrgicos en México

Introducción: Clostridioides difficile (CD) es la primera causa de diarrea asociada al cuidadode salud en los países desarrollados. En los últimos a˜nos, la incidencia de la infección asociadaa CD (ICD) ha aumentado en el ámbito mundial. En México, la información al respecto es escasay se conoce poco sobre los factores de riesgo para esta enfermedad en pacientes hospitalizadosen servicios quirúrgicosMaterial y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles. Se compararon hallazgos epidemiológicos yfactores de riesgo entre pacientes quirúrgicos con ICD confirmada por PCR contra pacientes qui-rúrgicos con diarrea PCR negativa y contra pacientes quirúrgicos sin diarrea. Se realizó análisisestadístico mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22.0.Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes quirúrgicos con ICD correspondían a las áreas de neu-rocirugía, cardiocirugía, ortopedia y cirugía general. El 53% de los casos de ICD se asociaron a lacepa hipervirulenta de CD NAP1/027. La presencia de moco en heces (RM 1.5, p = 0.001), fiebre(RM 1.4, p = 0.011), leucocitos en heces (RM 3.2, p = < 0.001), hospitalización en las últimas12 semanas (RM 2.0, p = < 0.001), uso de antibióticos (RM 1.3, p = 0.023) y uso de ceftriaxona(RM 1.4, p = 0.01) constituyeron factores de riesgo independientes para el desarrollo de ICD. Conclusiones: La diarrea por CD en servicios quirúrgicos es frecuente en nuestra institución(Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde)

Risk factors and outcome associated with the acquisition of linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis

Objectives: Linezolid is a synthetic oxazolidinone antibiotic frequently used to treat vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections. Vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis can develop resistance to linezolid in environments with excessive linezolid use. The aim of this study was to define risk factors and outcome associated with the acquisition of linezolid-resistant E. faecalis (LREfs). Methods: A retrospective case–control study was designed including patients hospitalised from January 2014 to October 2017 at Hospital Civil de Guadalajara ‘Fray Antonio Alcalde’ in Guadalajara, Mexico. A total of 50 patients culture-positive for LREfs and 100 control patients hospitalised in the same room and time as the cases were included. Clinical and demographic data were collected and analysed. Results: Risk factors for the presence of LREfs included prior linezolid use [odds ratio (OR) = 6.74], prior clindamycin use (OR = 6.72) and previous surgery (OR = 5.79). The mortality rate was 18% for LREfs cases versus 9% for controls. Conclusion: LREfs has emerged and spread in our hospital, an environment in which linezolid use is considerable. Risk factors for LREfs are prior antibiotic use, including linezolid, and previous surgery

Genetic Diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Guadalajara, Mexico and Identification of a Rare Multidrug Resistant Beijing Genotype

Determining the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains allows identification of the distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes responsible for tuberculosis in different regions. Several studies have reported the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains in Mexico, but little information is available from the state of Jalisco. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from Western Mexico. Sixty-eight M. tuberculosis isolates were tested for susceptibility to first-line drugs using manual Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube method and genotyped using spoligotyping and IS6110-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) pattern analyses. Forty-seven (69.1%) isolates were grouped into 10 clusters and 21 isolates displayed single patterns by spoligotyping. Three of the 21 single patterns corresponded to orphan patterns in the SITVITWEB database, and 1 new type that contained 2 isolates was created. The most prevalent lineages were T (38.2%), Haarlem (17.7%), LAM (17.7%), X (7.4%), S (5.9%), EAI (1.5%) and Beijing (1.5%). Six (12.8%) of the clustered isolates were MDR, and type 406 of the Beijing family was among the MDR isolates. Seventeen (26.2%) isolates were grouped into 8 clusters and 48 isolates displayed single patterns by IS6110-RFLP. Combination of IS6110-RFLP and spoligotyping reduced the clustering rate to 20.0%. The results show that T, Haarlem, and LAM are predominant lineages among clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis in Guadalajara, Mexico. Clustering rates indicated low transmission of MDR strains. We detected a rare Beijing genotype, SIT406, which was a highly resistant strain. This is the first report of this Beijing genotype in Latin America

Parvimonas micra can translocate from the subgingival sulcus of the human oral cavity to colorectal adenocarcinoma

[Abstract] Oral and intestinal samples from a cohort of 93 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 30 healthy controls (non-CRC) were collected for microbiome analysis. Saliva (28 non-CRC and 94 CRC), feces (30 non-CRC and 97 CRC), subgingival fluid (20 CRC), and tumor tissue samples (20 CRC) were used for 16S metabarcoding and/or RNA sequencing (RNAseq) approaches. A differential analysis of the abundance, performed with the ANCOM-BC package, adjusting the P-values by the Holm-Bonferroni method, revealed that Parvimonas was significantly over-represented in feces from CRC patients (P-value < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. A total of 11 Parvimonas micra isolates were obtained from the oral cavity and adenocarcinoma of CRC patients. Genome analysis identified a pair of isolates from the same patient that shared 99.2% identity, demonstrating that P. micra can translocate from the subgingival cavity to the gut. The data suggest that P. micra could migrate in a synergistic consortium with other periodontal bacteria. Metatranscriptomics confirmed that oral bacteria were more active in tumor than in non-neoplastic tissues. We suggest that P. micra could be considered as a CRC biomarker detected in non-invasive samples such as feces.The present authors want to thank all the cancer patients of the University Hospital of A Coruña for participating in this study, collaborating with us despite their health problems. We warmly want to thank Gema Carro Díaz and Montserrat Ingelmo Sánchez (surgical service nurses of HUAC) for their support during patient's recruitment time and also with sample collection. Moreover, we want to appreciate the valuable assistance received in anaerobic culturing by David Velasco Fernández (microbiologist) and Ana María Fernández Liñares (technician), and in FFPE samples processing by the pathology service technicians: Diego Barco Díaz, Cristina Vázquez Costa and Ana María Mejuto Rial. This work would not be possible without all the professionals of the Microbiology, Surgery, Pathology and Oncology services and Biobank from CHUAC who support this microbiome and cancer research project. This study has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project PI20/00413 and co-funded by the European Union to MP. The work has been also supported by the project RTI2018-102032-B-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation to AM and by the CIBER INF ISCIII (CB21/13/00055) to GB and MP. Biobank of University Hospital Complex of A Coruña was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III – Fondos FEDER (EU) by grant PT20/00128. K. Conde-Pérez was financially supported with a predoctoral fellowship by the Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC). E. Buetas is supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation with the reference PRE2019-088126. S. Ladra, E. Martin-De Arribas and Iago Iglesias-Corrás are supported by grants from GAIN (Xunta de Galicia, Spain) with references ED431C 2021/53 and ED431GXunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/53Xunta de Galicia; ED431

The multispecies microbial cluster of Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium as a precision biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis

[Abstract] The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased worldwide, and early diagnosis is crucial to reduce mortality rates. Therefore, new noninvasive biomarkers for CRC are required. Recent studies have revealed an imbalance in the oral and gut microbiomes of patients with CRC, as well as impaired gut vascular barrier function. In the present study, the microbiomes of saliva, crevicular fluid, feces, and non-neoplastic and tumor intestinal tissue samples of 93 CRC patients and 30 healthy individuals without digestive disorders (non-CRC) were analyzed by 16S rRNA metabarcoding procedures. The data revealed that Parvimonas, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides fragilis were significantly over-represented in stool samples of CRC patients, whereas Faecalibacterium and Blautia were significantly over-abundant in the non-CRC group. Moreover, the tumor samples were enriched in well-known periodontal anaerobes, including Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella. Co-occurrence patterns of these oral microorganisms were observed in the subgingival pocket and in the tumor tissues of CRC patients, where they also correlated with other gut microbes, such as Hungatella. This study provides new evidence that oral pathobionts, normally located in subgingival pockets, can migrate to the colon and probably aggregate with aerobic bacteria, forming synergistic consortia. Furthermore, we suggest that the group composed of Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium could be used to design an excellent noninvasive fecal test for the early diagnosis of CRC. The combination of these four genera would significantly improve the reliability of a discriminatory test with respect to others that use a single species as a unique CRC biomarker.The authors want to appreciate the good disposition of all the CRC patients for collaborating with us. We would like to thank Gema Carro Díaz and Montserrat Ingelmo Sánchez for their assistance during patients' recruitment time and also during tissue sample collection. This work would not be possible without the support of professionals from the Microbiology, Surgery, Pathology and Oncology Services and Biobank of CHUAC (Spain). The present study received funding from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain, through the project PI20/00413, cofunded by the European Union (EU) to MP. The whole work has been also supported by the project RTI2018-102032-B-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation to AM and by CIBER INFEC ISCIII (CB21/13/00055) to GB and MP Biobank of A Coruña was supported by ISCIII-Fondos FEDER (EU) by grant PT20/00128. KC-P was financially supported by the Spanish Association against Cancer (AECC). EB was supported by a grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation PRE2019-088126. SL and EM-DA were supported by grants from GAIN (Xunta de Galicia, Spain) with references ED431C 2021/53 and ED431G 2019/01.Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2021/53Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0