Peran Politik Hukum dalam Pembangunan Nasional

Indonesia memiliki potensi Sumber Daya Alam yang melimpah, hal tersebut jelas menunjukan juga bawasannya Indonesia memiliki modal yang juga besar dan melimpah bagi Indonesia dalam ikhtiar membangun bangsa dan negara di berbagai aspek kehidupan berbangsa danbernegara. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut maka dibutuhkan suatu bentuk sistem menegerial, sistem pola, serta sistem mekanisme dalam satu kerangka pembangunan nasional. Hal tersebut mampu terwujud dengan baik melalui politik hukum nasional. Namun demikian politik hukumpembangunan di berbagai daerah di tanah air hari-hari ini banyak mengalami berbagai konstipasi dalam pelaksanaannya. Keadaan tersebut jelas menghambat terwujudnya tujuan negara dan cita-cita bangsa sebagaimana terkristalkan dalam Pancasila dan alinea keempat UndangUndang Dasar Negara Kesatua Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan politik hukum pembangunan yang holistik, eksklusif dan tersistematis secara paripurna, baik dalam skala lokal, nasional, regional, serta Internasional, baik dalam kehidupan berekonomi,bersosial dan berbudaya, berpolitik, maupun dalam kehidupan berhukum

Tunable Equivalence Fuzzy Associative Memories

This paper introduces a new class of fuzzy associative memories (FAMs) called tunable equivalence fuzzy associative memories, for short tunable E-FAMs or TE-FAMs, that are determined by the application of parametrized equivalence measures in the hidden nodes. Tunable E-FAMs belong to the class of Theta-FAMs that have recently appeared in the literature. In contrast to previous Theta-FAM models, tunable E-FAMs allow for the extraction of a fundamental memory set from the training data by means of an algorithm that depends on the evaluation of equivalence measures. Furthermore, we are able to optimize not only the weights corresponding to the contributions of the hidden nodes but also the contributions of the attributes of the data by tuning the parametrized equivalence measures used in a TE-FAM model. The computational effort involved in training tunable TE-FAMs is very low compared to the one of the previous Theta-FAM training algorithm. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.29224226

Interval-Valued and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Mathematical Morphologies as Special Cases of L-Fuzzy Mathematical Morphology

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Mathematical morphology (MM) offers a wide range of tools for image processing and computer vision. MM was originally conceived for the processing of binary images and later extended to gray-scale morphology. Extensions of classical binary morphology to gray-scale morphology include approaches based on fuzzy set theory that give rise to fuzzy mathematical morphology (FMM). From a mathematical point of view, FMM relies on the fact that the class of all fuzzy sets over a certain universe forms a complete lattice. Recall that complete lattices provide for the most general framework in which MM can be conducted. The concept of L-fuzzy set generalizes not only the concept of fuzzy set but also the concepts of interval-valued fuzzy set and Atanassov's intuitionistic fuzzy set. In addition, the class of L-fuzzy sets forms a complete lattice whenever the underlying set L constitutes a complete lattice. Based on these observations, we develop a general approach towards L-fuzzy mathematical morphology in this paper. Our focus is in particular on the construction of connectives for interval-valued and intuitionistic fuzzy mathematical morphologies that arise as special, isomorphic cases of L-fuzzy MM. As an application of these ideas, we generate a combination of some well-known medical image reconstruction techniques in terms of interval-valued fuzzy image processing.4315071Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)CNPq [309608/2009-0]FAPESP [2009/16284-2

Adapted Fuzzy Integral: An Application in the Finite Element Method

<div><p>ABSTRACT In this paper we study and define an adapted fuzzy integral, based on the Sugeno integral. Moreover, we present a numerical integration formula which approximates the value of the adapted fuzzy integral. Thus, we prove that the Riemann integral and the adapted fuzzy integral are equivalent for power functions. Next, we apply the formula proposed in the numerical integration, required in the finite element method, to obtain a numerical solution of a boundary value problem for the one-dimensional Poisson equation. Finally, we observed better results of the approximate solution obtained in the example with the use of our formula when compared with the simple trapezoidal rule.</p></div

Automatic detection and imaging of diffraction points using pattern recognition

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Hydrocarbon reservoirs are generally located beneath complex geological structures. Frequently, such areas contain seismic diffractors that carry detailed structure information in the order of the seismic wavelength. Therefore, the development of computational facilities capable of detecting diffractor points with a good resolution is desirable but has been a challenge in the area of seismic processing. In this work, we present a method for the detection of diffraction points in the common-offset-gather domain. The method applies a two-class k nearest neighbours (kNN) pattern recognition technique to amplitudes along diffraction traveltime curves to distinguish between diffractions and reflections or noise. While the method, in principle, requires knowledge of the migration velocity field, it is very robust with respect to an erroneous model. Numerical examples using synthetic seismic and field ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) data demonstrate the feasibility of the technique and show its usefulness for automatically mapping diffraction points in a seismic section. In our applications, the method was able to detect all diffractions present in the data and did not produce any false positives.611SI368379Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)PetrobrasWIT consortiumCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Dynamics of Poly(ethylene oxide) Metallo-Supramolecular Networks

Les bioplastiques représentent une solution élégante aux problèmes environnementaux induit par l’utilisation de plastiques issus de ressources non renouvelables. Parmi les différents biopolymères pouvant être développés, l’amidon apparaît être une solution écologiquement viable puisque que ce matériau est directement produit lors de la phase de croissance de la plante et ensuite extrait. Néanmoins, s’il est possible de développer des matériaux plastiques à partir de cette matrice amylacée, de nombreuse faiblesses, telles que de faibles propriétés mécaniques et une forte sensibilité à l’eau, restent à solutionner. L’introduction et de charges nanométriques (nanocharges) de type argile (montmorillonite et sépiolite), en vue de produire des matériaux nano-biocomposites, vise à pallier à ces principales déficiences. L’analyse de l’influence de la nature de la surface de la nanocharge a clairement montré le rôle majeur de l’utilisation d’un comptabilisant à l’interface matrice/nanocharge, à savoir l'amidon cationique. Par ailleurs, le rôle du plastifiant sur la dispersion et les propriétés résultantes de ces nano-biocomposites a également été étudié. L’ensemble de ces travaux a révélé des nano-structures complexes, fortement influencées par la polarité des différents éléments constitutifs de ces matériaux nano-biocomposites, mais a également clairement éclairé la forte valeur ajoutée d’une telle démarche. Enfin, une étude plus fondamentale nous a permis de mieux décrire l’influence de ces nanocharges, en fonction de leur état de dispersion, sur le comportement mécanique macroscopique de ces matériaux.Bioplastics are a powerful strategy to answer to the environmental diseases induced by non-degradable plastics produced from non renewable resources. Since starch is inherently biodegradable and produced during the plant growth, it seems to be a suitable option to develop environmentally friendly materials. Nevertheless, even if bioplastics can be produced with this biomacromolecule, the resulting materials are very sensitive to water and have low mechanical properties. The dispersion of nanosized fillers (nanofillers), like clays (montmorillonite, sepiolite), to produce nano-biocomposite materials, is an interesting option to overcome these weaknesses. The influence of the nanofillers surface treatment has been studied and has highlighted the key role of this parameter on the resulting morphology. It has been demonstrated that the use of a clay compatibilizer, namely cationic starch, is required to have an optimal dispersion quality. Moreover, one part of this study has revealed the influence of the plasticizer on the nanofillers morphology. Thus, these analyses have shown complex morphologies, influenced by the polarity of the different components of the nano-biocomposites, but have also demonstrated the added value of such development. Finally, a more fundamental work allowed us a better understanding of the nanofiller influence, as a function of their dispersion state, on the macroscopic mechanical behaviour of these materials