An investigation on aquatics diversity and density in marine artificial reef, Moloo area of Bandar-e-Lengeh, Persian Gulf

Over-fishing of marine resources has endangered many commercial fish species in the world. Setting up artificial reefs is now considered an important way for marine stocks and fishing enhancement. The present study was designed to monitor fish abundance and species changes around a small and newly established artificial reef system in Moloo area at Bandar- e-Lengeh during two years after installation in September 2005. The anificial reef includes three types of concrete structures arranged in a seven by three grid. Each cross point was considered as a sampling station and two other stations were also selected from two sides of the system as control points. The CPUE and frequency of fishes in transect 7 with a mixed structure showed significant differences with Other 6 transects (P0.01). Although there were differences CPUE averages of different seasons, the ANOVA test of difference significance was negative. The t-test showed no significant differences between the abundance and of different species per trap per day and seasons. The dominant species were Epinephelus coioides, Plectorhinchus shoran Diagrama pictum, Siganus javus

Trophic level, food preference and feeding ecology of Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766), in Hormuzgan Province waters (northern Persian Gulf and Oman Sea)

This study examined the ecological factors associated with feeding in Rachycentron canadum (cobia) in the waters of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Seasonally variation of stomach condition of cobia male, females, pooled and size wise were analyzed. In general, 577 cobia were collected (340 males, 237 females) (20–161 cm Total length) from Sept. 2014 to Sept. 2015 by the Ferdows-1 survey ship and from the landing areas in Bandar Abbas harbor seasonally. Our results provide the first estimates of trophic level (Tr.L) (4.32±0.76, mean±Se), consumption per biomass (Q/B) (6.13), and aspect ratio of the caudal fin (ARc.f) (3.1) for R. canadum in the Hormuzgan Province. We also found that bony fish made up more than 80 percent of the relative importance of particular prey (IRI %), indicating R. canadum primarily preys on these species. The immature group (20–40 cm, T.L), tended to feed on Penaeidae family, small crabs, and mollusks. Hierarchical clustering revealed that the frequencies of different types of prey could be applied to categorize the length classes into three levels. The result of this study revealed that the immature group and the 20-40 cm length class tended to feed on Penaeidae family, crabs, and mollusks. Also, we found that males generally fed more than females in all seasons and that R. canadum had an average dietary intake. The findings of this study can be used to prepare a food formulation for cobia that resembles the native diet

Neurofilaments can differentiate ALS subgroups and ALS from common diagnostic mimics

Delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis are frequent in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND). Neurofilament light chain (NFL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH) are elevated in ALS patients. We retrospectively quantified cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NFL, CSF pNFH and plasma NFL in stored samples that were collected at the diagnostic work-up of ALS patients (n = 234), ALS mimics (n = 44) and controls (n = 9). We assessed the diagnostic performance, prognostication value and relationship to the site of onset and genotype. CSF NFL, CSF pNFH and plasma NFL levels were significantly increased in ALS patients compared to patients with neuropathies & myelopathies, patients with myopathies and controls. Furthermore, CSF pNFH and plasma NFL levels were significantly higher in ALS patients than in patients with other MNDs. Bulbar onset ALS patients had significantly higher plasma NFL levels than spinal onset ALS patients. ALS patients with C9orf72HRE mutations had significantly higher plasma NFL levels than patients with SOD1 mutations. Survival was negatively correlated with all three biomarkers. Receiver operating characteristics showed the highest area under the curve for CSF pNFH for differentiating ALS from ALS mimics and for plasma NFL for estimating ALS short and long survival. All three biomarkers have diagnostic value in differentiating ALS from clinically relevant ALS mimics. Plasma NFL levels can be used to differentiate between clinical and genetic ALS subgroups

Monitoring of commercial marine stocks around Hormuzgan (bandar-e-Lengeh) artificial reefs

Over-fishing of marine resources has endangered many commercial fish species in the world; with aquaculture development, setting up artificial reef systems is an important way for marine stocks and fishing enhancement. The present study was designed to monitor fish abundance and species changes around a small and newly established artificial reef system in Moloo area at Bandar-e-Lengeh during two years after installation (Sep. 2005 to Sep. 2007). The artificial reef includes three types of concrete structures arranged in a seven by three grid. Each cross point considered as a sampling station and two other stations selected from two sides of the system as control stations. Based on obtained results CPUE (P = 0.00001), frequency (P = 0.001) and species diversity of captured fishes (P = 0.024) showed significant differences between three types of sampling traps. With type of structures, The CPUE and frequency of fishes in transect 7(mixed structures) showed the significant differences with other six transects (p= 0.001, P = 0.009). No diversity relationships were seen between transects (p= 0.100). In this study there were no significant differences between depths. Although the means of CPUE between seasons were different, but the ANOVA test could not show the significant differences because of the differention between variances. The T-Test showed no significant differences between the numbers per trap per day dominant species (Epinephelus coioides, Plectorhinchus shotaf, Diagrama pictum, Siganus javus) in different seasons. Movie prepared from artificial reefs showed diversity of fish were more than that of fishing by trap. Although fishes increased but there was no enough causes evidences for product in artificial reefs. Therefore, the study need to continue in this area

Report of Torymus lapsanae (Hym.: Torymidae), a parasitoid of Diplolepis rosae (Hym.: Cynipidae) from Iran

جهت شناسایی پارازیتوئیدهای زنبور گالزای رز، Diplolepis rosae (L.) (Hym.: Cynipidae)، نمونه برداری‌هایی از رزهای زینتی و نسترن در نقاط مختلف استان‌های فارس و تهران صورت گرفت. این نمونه‌ها به مدت یک سال در شرایط آزمایشگاه نگه‌داری و گونه‌های مختلفی از زنبورهای خانواده‌های Eupelmidae، Eulophidae، Pteromalidae و Torymidae جمع‌آوری شد که گونه‌ی Torymus lapsanae (Hoffmeyer) (Hym.: Torymidae) به عنوان گزارش جدیدی برای فون ایران معرفی می‌گردد. این گونه در 17 آبان 1384 از نمونه‌های جمع‌آوری شده در 10 فروردین 1384 از باغ‌های قصردشت در شیراز و در تاریخ 18 شهریور 1384 از نمونه‌های جمع‌آوری شده در خرداد 1384 از منطقه‌ی دماوند تهران خارج گردید

Estimation of MSY on six species of commercially important demersal fishes in the Persian Gulf & Oman Sea (Hormuzgan province)

Today, calculation of MSY is one of the necessary fisheries management in control and prevention of the fish population reduction and is obtained with different methods. This study has focused on six species of commercial fish, including Tiger-toothed croaker, Javelin grunter, John`s snapper, Indian spiny turbot, Yellowfin seabream and Silver pomfret. The study was done monthly, from January 2007 to March 2008, in three fish landing regions including: Bandar Lengeh, Bandar Abbas and Qeshm Island (Slakh, Basydu and Chahoshrqy). Total 5163 Silver pomfret (Pompus argenteus), 1766 Javelin grunter (Pomadasys kaakan), 2151 John`s snapper (Lutjanus johnii), 3280 Tiger-toothed croaker (Otolithes ruber), 1628 Indian spiny turbot (Psettodes erumei) and the number of 759 Yellowfin seabream (Acnthopagrus latus) were assessed and length biometry has been done, monthly. In this study, two methods were used to determine the maximum sustainable yield (MSY): 1- virtual population analysis (Cohort analysis) 2- use of statistics and information that was estimated with two method, catch prediction and biomass (Standing stock). The results showed that in 2007, MSY value was estimated through catch prediction for Silver pomfret, Tigertoothed croaker, Javelin grunter, John`s snapper, Indian spiny turbot and Yellowfin seabream 1354, 1116, 1099.6, 1045.5, 914.5 and 529.5 tons, respectively. Moreover, this estimation have been done through standing stock for Silver pomfret, Tiger-toothed croaker, Javelin grunter, John`s snapper, Indian spiny turbot and Yellowfin seabream 1215, 633, 1304, 878, 1095 and 441 tons, respectively; and through VPA for Silver pomfret, Tiger-toothed croaker, Javelin grunter, John`s snapper, Indian spiny turbot and Yellowfin seabream 1100, 850, 920, 732.5, 1002.3 and 403 tons, respectively. Amount of biomass (Standing Stock) was estimated for Silver pomfret, Tiger-toothed croaker, Javelin grunter, John`s snapper, Indian spiny turbot and Yellowfin seabream 2530, 1172, 1738, 1689, 1470 and 1110 tons, respectively. In general, by assessing the obtained results for the studied species, except the fishing prediction results of the Javelin grunter and Tiger-toothed croaker species, which is less valuable due to the low correlation coefficient, it can be stated that except fishing pressure on John`s snapper and Tiger-toothed croaker, in other species studied, fishing conditions are in optimal situation

Detection and identification of carriers of white spot virus in wild shrimps and crabs in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea (Hormozgan province)

More than 20 viruses have been reported as pathogenic to shrimp.WSV has been found to be highly pathogenic not only to penaeid shrimps, but also to a wide range of hosts which include marine crabs , copepods, freshwater crabs and prawns. Main objective of this study was detection and identification of white spot virus from wild shrimp and crabs population on the coastal waters of Hormozgan Province.The samples were collected from three area seasonally include: coastal waters of Qeshm Island, Hengam Island and Jask. In this survey have been examined 1080 shrimp from each species of P.indicus, P.semisulcatus, P.merguiensis, Metapenaeus affinis and 1080 crabs (gill organs) by PCR and histopathological methods. Diagnostic kit for this survey have been prepared from Genesis Biotechnology CO.in Malaysia, so called "Single-Tube Nested PCR for WSSV". The analysis results revealed that all samples which examined from these area were free from WSV. Following PCR tests that were negative for all samples so no observed any damages of histology due to WSV on gills

Adipokine modulation in obesity: evaluating the integrative impact of chlorella vulgaris supplementation and interval resistance training in obese males

Aims: To evaluate the effects of 12-week chlorella vulgaris (CV) combined with interval resistance training (IRT) on plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin and neuregulin-4 (Nrg-4) in obese men. Methods: Obese men (n = 44, BMI of 32.1 ± 1.5 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to the following groups of 11 participants per group: Control Placebo group (CP), CV supplement group (CV), Interval Resistance Training group plus Placebo (IRT + P), and Interval Resistance Training plus CV supplement group (IRT + CV). IRT was performed three times a week for 12 weeks using three sets of 10 repetitions at 60 % 1RM, and integrating an active rest interval with 15 repetitions at 20 % 1RM. Participants consumed either CV (1800 mg daily) or a placebo. Pre- and post-intervention blood samples were obtained to assess adipokines which were measured byELISA. Results: While CV or IRT separately did not alter plasma levels of leptin (p > 0.05), their combination reduced leptin levels (p = 0.007). IRT and IRT plus CV increased the plasma levels of adiponectin and Nrg-4 (p < 0.01). An intergroup comparison indicated significant elevations of adiponectin and Nrg-4 in the CV compared to the CP group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of IRT and CV modulates plasma levels of leptin, adiponectin and NRG4 more effectively than either IRT or CV separately in obese men

Resilient Strategies and Sustainability in Agri-Food Supply Chains in the Face of High-Risk Events

[EN] Agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) are very vulnerable to high risks such as pandemics, causing economic and social impacts mainly on the most vulnerable population. Thus, it is a priority to implement resilient strategies that enable AFSCs to resist, respond and adapt to new market challenges. At the same time, implementing resilient strategies impact on the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The objective of this paper is twofold: analyze resilient strategies on AFSCs in the literature and identify how these resilient strategies applied in the face of high risks affect the achievement of sustainability dimensions. 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The study of fluctuation of large pelagic stock (yellowfin tuna, skipjack tuna, longtail tuna, Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel) in order to optimum exploitation in the Persian Gulf & Oman sea

The study of fluctuation of large pelagic stock (yellowfin tuna, skipjack tuna, longtail tuna, Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel ) in order to optimum exploitation in the Persian Gulf & Oman sea This study was carried out from 2005-07 in order to acquire some biological characteristics and population dynamic parameters for stock management and responsible fisheries. Thunnus albacares (yellowfin tuna), katsuwonus pelamis (skipjack tuna), Thunnus tonggol (longtail tuna) and scomberomorus commerson (Narrow- barred Spanish mackerel) were sampled. In total, length frequency of 9345 specimens of yellowfin tuna were analyzed. Size range was 37-172 cm. Teleost fishes were the most dominant prey species observed in this study (42%), Occurrence of Potunus Pelagicus was found to be the second (28%).Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis (22%), Natosquilla (5%) and octopus (3%) also were identified in the gut content of the yellowfin tuna. Length of maturity (50%) of yellow fin tuna was estimated 77.2 cm and spawning season was started from May. 8443 specimens of skipjack with size range of 32-90 cm were sampled. 48% of food items were teleost fishes. Squid and shrimp were also identified. Spawning season was begun from June. Growth parameters & fishing mortalities of yellow fin tuna and skipjack tuna were also estimated. Size range if longtail tuna was from 26-125cm Length infinity was estimated 132.3 cm with growth parameter of 0.35 per year. In total 10451 specimens of narrow- barred Spanish mackerel were sampled. Size range was from 20-164 cm. Teleost fishes were the most dominant prey species observed in the study (91.3%). Crustaceans (0.6%) and Indian squid (0.2%) also were identified in the specimens. Length maturity (50%) was estimated 83.6cm