16 research outputs found
Seafood Consumption, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake, and Life-Time Prevalence of Depression in the PREDIMED-Plus Trial
Background: The aim of this analysis was to ascertain the type of relationship between fish
and seafood consumption, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Ï-3 PUFA) intake, and depression
prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Fish and seafood
consumption and Ï-3 PUFA intake were assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire.
Self-reported life-time medical diagnosis of depression or use of antidepressants was considered
as outcome. Depressive symptoms were collected by the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Logistic
regression models were used to estimate the association between seafood products and Ï-3 PUFA
consumption and depression. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to assess the association
between fish and long-chain (LC) Ï-3 PUFA intake and depressive symptoms. Results: Out of
6587 participants, there were 1367 cases of depression. Total seafood consumption was not associated
with depression. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
quintiles of consumption of fatty fish were 0.77 (0.63â0.94), 0.71 (0.58â0.87), and 0.78 (0.64â0.96),
respectively, and p for trend = 0.759. Moderate intake of total LC Ï-3 PUFA (approximately
0.5â1 g/day) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of depression. Conclusion: In our
study, moderate fish and LC Ï-3 PUFA intake, but not high intake, was associated with lower odds
of depression suggesting a U-shaped relationship
A high dietary glycemic index increases total mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk
Objective: Different types of carbohydrates have diverse glycemic response, thus glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL)
are used to assess this variation. The impact of dietary GI and GL in all-cause mortality is unknown. The objective of this
study was to estimate the association between dietary GI and GL and risk of all-cause mortality in the PREDIMED study.
Material and Methods: The PREDIMED study is a randomized nutritional intervention trial for primary cardiovascular
prevention based on community-dwelling men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary information was
collected at baseline and yearly using a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We assigned GI values of each
item by a 5-step methodology, using the International Tables of GI and GL Values. Deaths were ascertained through contact
with families and general practitioners, review of medical records and consultation of the National Death Index. Cox regression
models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% CI for mortality, according to quartiles of
energy-adjusted dietary GI/GL. To assess repeated measures of exposure, we updated GI and GL intakes from the yearly FFQs
and used Cox models with time-dependent exposures.
Results: We followed 3,583 non-diabetic subjects (4.7 years of follow-up, 123 deaths). As compared to participants in the lowest
quartile of baseline dietary GI, those in the highest quartile showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 2.15 (95% CI:
1.15â4.04); P for trend = 0.012]. In the repeated-measures analyses using as exposure the yearly updated information on GI, we
observed a similar association. Dietary GL was associated with all-causemortality only when subjects were younger than 75 years.
Conclusions: High dietary GI was positively associated with all-cause mortality in elderly population at high cardiovascular risk