6 research outputs found
Determination of the iodine index of some edible oils in Togo by Raman spectroscopy
The degradation of oils during the storage becomes a real challenge that leads to the monitoring of the quality of edible oils from the process to the trading. The quality of the oil is determined by its degree of unsaturation which is related to the iodine index of the oils. This iodine index is difficult to determine by the usual biochemical methods such as the Wijs method, etc., which use chemical and toxic reagents with a relatively long experimental duration. The precision of the obtained values and the cost of the experiment when it concerns a large number of samples leads to explore other technics such as optical spectroscopic methods which are fast and non-destructive. This study aims to determine the iodine index of oils very quickly, accurately and economically by Raman spectroscopy. Thus, a relationship has been established between the iodine index and the ratio of the intensity of the peak at 1654 cm-1, corresponding to a mode of vibration of the C = C bond, and that of the peak at 1440 cm-1, corresponding to a vibration mode of the -CH2- group of the Raman spectrum. The interpolation equation obtained has the form Y = 204.X-11.3 with a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9602. This result will allow, simultaneously, the direct and rapid determination of the iodine index, the classification of oils based on their Raman spectrum and thus to quickly and precisely monitor the quality of edible oils in a context of food safety.
Keywords: Edible oil, iodine index, Raman spectroscopy, food quality
French Abstract:
Determination de l'indice d'iode des quelques huiles comestibles au Togo par la spectroscopie Raman
La dĂ©gradation des huiles lors du stockage devient un vĂ©ritable enjeu qui nĂ©cessite un suivi de la qualitĂ© des huiles comestibles depuis la production jusqu'Ă la commercialisation. La qualitĂ© de lâhuile est dĂ©terminĂ©e par son degrĂ© d'insaturation qui est liĂ© Ă l'indice d'iode des huiles. Cet indice dâiode se dĂ©termine difficilement par les mĂ©thodes habituelles biochimiques telles que la mĂ©thode de Wijs, etc., qui utilisent des rĂ©actifs chimiques et toxiques avec une durĂ©e expĂ©rimentale relativement longue. La prĂ©cision des valeurs obtenues et le coĂ»t de lâexpĂ©rimentation lorsquâil sâagit dâun nombre Ă©levĂ© dâĂ©chantillons contribuent Ă explorer dâautres pistes telles que les mĂ©thodes spectroscopiques optiques qui sont rapides et non destructives. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude vise Ă dĂ©terminer, de façon plus rapide, prĂ©cise et Ă©conomique, lâindice dâiode des huiles par la spectroscopie Raman. A cet effet, une relation entre l'indice d'iode et le rapport de lâintensitĂ© du pic Ă 1654 cm-1, correspondant Ă un mode de vibration de la liaison C = C, et de celle du pic Ă 1440 cm-1, correspondant Ă un mode de vibration du groupe -CH2- du spectre Raman, a Ă©tĂ© Ă©tablie. L'Ă©quation d'interpolation obtenue a la forme Y = 204.X-11,3 avec un coefficient de corrĂ©lation R2 = 0,9602. Ce rĂ©sultat permettra, Ă la fois, la dĂ©termination directe et rapide de l'indice d'iode, la classification des huiles Ă base de leur spectre Raman et ainsi de suivre avec rapiditĂ© et prĂ©cision la qualitĂ© des huiles alimentaires dans un contexte de sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire.
Mots-clés : Huile comestible, indice d'iode, spectroscopie Raman, qualité alimentair
Tunneling spectroscopy of p-type doping in silicon from boron-containing molecular monolayer
International audienc
Chemical nature of the anion antisite in dilute phosphide GaAs1âxPx alloy grown at low temperature
International audienceWhile nonstoichiometric binary III-V compounds are known to contain group-V antisites, the growth of ternary alloys consisting of two group-V elements might give additional degrees of freedom in the chemical nature of these antisites. Using cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we investigate low-temperature-grown dilute GaAs1âxPx alloys. High concentrations of negatively charged point defects are found. Combined with transmission electron microscopy and pump-probe transient reflectivity, this study shows that the defects have a behavior similar to the group-V antisites. Further analyses with x-ray diffraction point to the preferential incorporation of arsenic antisites, consistent with ab initio calculations, that yield a formation energy 0.83 eV lower than for phosphorus antisites. Although the negative charge carried by the arsenic antisites in the STM images is shown to be induced by the proximity of the STM tip, the arsenic antisites are not randomly distributed in the alloy, providing insight into the evolution of their charge state during the growth
Influence of doping level and surface states in tunneling spectroscopy of an I n 0.53 G a 0.47 As quantum well grown on p -type doped InP(001)
International audienc