24 research outputs found

    The tibial fractures fixation system deformation characteristics

    Get PDF
    ДослідТСно характСристики Торсткості Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– допустимі навантаТСння засобів фіксації ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΡ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ„Ρ–Π·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кісток. Π’ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ процСси Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Π΄Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ… Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π±ΡƒΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° допомогою Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… пластин Π· ΠΊΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Ρ‚Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… пластин для фіксації складних ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π² Ρƒ Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π΄Ρ–Π»Ρ– Π’Π“Πš. Випробування ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Π΄Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Ρ–Π·Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ стиску, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° кручСння, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ.The characteristics of stiffness are studied and the fixation means allowable load at fractures of the distal epimetazh of the tibia is calculated. The processes of a fracture points mutual displacements development under the influence of long-term cyclic loads are studied. Metal osteosynthesis was performed using various types of medial and lateral plates with angular stability and blocked plates for fixing fractures in the distal epimetazh of the tibia. The tests are conducted under the influence of actual physiological loads of compression, bending and torsion, including cyclic loading modes.Π˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ характСристики ТСсткости ΠΈ рассчитаны допустимыС Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ срСдств фиксации ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эпимСтафиза Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π±Π΅Ρ€Ρ†ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… костСй. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ процСссы развития Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… смСщСний Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… цикличСских Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… пластин с ΡƒΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пластин для фиксации слоТных ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π’Π“Πš. Π˜ΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… физиологичСских Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ сТатия, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ кручСния, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ цикличСскиС Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ

    ІдСнтифікація Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² ΠΏΡ–Π΄ час вирощування Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ΄ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ„ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Ρ– Π² ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ водопостачання

    Get PDF
    Identification of dangerous factors for a conditional industrial farm for rainbow trout growing in conditions ofΒ Recurculating aquaculture systemΒ (RAS) was carried out.Β During the analysis of dangerous factors, the degree of significant influence and probability of potential dangers were determined. Significant potential hazards have been identified at such technological stages as insemination and incubation of caviar, larval survival, caviar, larvae, young, commodity fish and pedigree.Biological filter is defined as a key link in theΒ RASΒ the functioning of whichΒ effectsΒ on the quality and safety of commercial fish.Β It carries out aerobic and anaerobic processes to remove contaminations in the form of ammonium producingΒ byΒ fish, and carbon dioxide, which is formed from undigestedΒ food and feces.Β There are suchΒ dangerous factorsΒ on the stage ofΒ biological purification of water:Β biological – possibleΒ exceedingΒ theΒ total microbial number (more than 100 CFU/cm3), the number of nitrifying (more than 106Β CFU/cm3)Β andΒ E. coli groupbacteria, the presence of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Β chemical – exceedingΒ the content of nitrates (more than 50 mg / dm3), nitrites (more than 0.5 mg/dm3), pH – aboveΒ 8.In addition to purely technological, there are additional dangerous factors – relatedΒ to the functioning of the biofilter, fish feeding and the use ofΒ veterinary preparationsΒ and disinfectants. The potential hazards identified in the work are important to be taken into accountΒ in the process of implementation of Rainbow TroutΒ HACCP plan.Β ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² для ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ–Π½Π΄ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ господарства Π· вирощування Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠ΄ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ— Ρ„ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Ρ– Π² ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ водопостачання.Β ΠŸΡ–Π΄ час Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·Ρƒ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΡ–Π½ΡŒ суттєвого Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρƒ Ρ– вірогідності ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊ.Β Π‘ΡƒΡ‚Ρ‚Ρ”Π²Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½Ρ– Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΏΠ°Ρ…, як  осімСніння Ρ‚Π° інкубація Ρ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΈ, витримування Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ, рСалізація Ρ–ΠΊΡ€ΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡ— Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΈ Ρ– ΠΏΠ»Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π². ΠšΡ€Ρ–ΠΌ суто Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ…, ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ місцС Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ– Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ– Ρ‡ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ – пов’язані Π· функціонуванням Π±Ρ–ΠΎΡ„Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡ‚Ρ€Π°, Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π²Π»Π΅ΡŽ Ρ€ΠΈΠ±ΠΈ Ρ– застосуванням Π»Ρ–ΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π΄Π΅Π·Ρ–Π½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… засобів. Π†Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– Π² Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½Ρ– Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ час складання ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρƒ НАББР Ρƒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ… господарствах

    Spatial deformation of osteosynthesis systems. Message 1. Criteria of functional reliability

    Get PDF
    На основі Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ спосіб ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— надійності систСм остСосинтСзу. Π―ΠΊ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Ρ— Торсткості систСм остСосинтСзу використано пСрСміщСння Ρ‚Π° Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ частин ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π² кісток Π· засобами фіксації. Π₯арактСристики систСми β€œΠΊΡ–ΡΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Π· ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ - засіб фіксації”, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…Ρ–Π΄Π½Ρ– для Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ–Π², Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ– Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ стиском, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‚Π° кручСнням Π·Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΊΡ–Π² кісток Π· модСльованими ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π° засобами фіксації. Π’ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ– характСристики пластин для фіксації ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π² Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кісток, Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Ρ– допустимих Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π·Π° сумісної Π΄Ρ–Ρ— стиску, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° кручСння Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ– області Π΄Ρ–Ρ— допустимих Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ. Π—Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Ρ— Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— надійності Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π·Π° допомогою простих Π²ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠ²Π°Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ–Π² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ допустимі Ρ€Ρ–Π²Π½Ρ– Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ, які Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ виникнСння Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΡŒ Π² області ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡƒ.Based on experimental studies, an analytical method is proposed for assessing the functional reliability of osteosynthesis systems. As criteria for the rigidity of osteosynthesis systems, displacements and mutual rotations of parts of bone fractures with fixation tools were used. The characteristics of the β€œbone with a fracture - fixation system”, necessary for calculations, determined experimentally from individual loads by compression, bending, and torsion of bone samples with simulated fractures and fixation tools. The characteristics of the plates for fixation of tibial fractures are determined, the level of allowable loads is calculated according to the combined action of compression, bending and torsion, and the areas of valid loads are determined. The proposed criteria for functional reliability make it possible, using simple tests and analytical calculations, to determine permissible load levels that do not lead to the occurrence of dangerous movements in the fracture area.На основС ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ аналитичСский способ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ надСТности систСм остСосинтСза. Как ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ТСсткости систСм остСосинтСза использовано пСрСмСщСния ΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ частСй ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² костСй со срСдствами фиксации. Π₯арактСристики систСмы β€œΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ - срСдство фиксации”, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡ‹Π΅ для расчСтов, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ сТатия, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ кручСния ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² костСй с ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ систСмами фиксации. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ характСристики пластин для фиксации ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π±Π΅Ρ€Ρ†ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ костСй, рассчитано ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ допустимых Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ совмСстных дСйствиях сТатия, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ области дСйствия допустимых Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ надСТности Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ простых испытаний ΠΈ аналитичСских расчСтов ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ допустимыС ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π΅ приводят ΠΊ возникновСнию опасных ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² области ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°

    A statistical analysis of Eocene Lepidocyclina from Venezuela

    No full text
    Includes bibliographical references.Includes illustrations.A statistically large sample of Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) sp. from the upper orbitoid beds of the Punta Canero Group, at Punta Mosquito, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela, was analyzed to determine the amount and nature of morphologic variation, and to evaluate present lepidocyclinid taxonomy in light of the results. More than 250 thin sections were prepared and measured for as many as 26 variables in equatorial section and 14 variables in vertical section. Both-equatorial and vertical sections were analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistical analyses as well as Q-and R-mode factor analysis and discriminant analysis of two groups. Results show that the range of morphological variation is large and the importance of genetic and environmental factors can only be speculated. High correlation coefficients between some variables and the grouping of variables into factors indicate redundancy in the overall variable set. This suggests that future studies of this type may be made using fewer variables without sacrifice of major portions of the information. It is necessary to use multivariate statistics to classify lepidocyclinids when such large morphologic variation exists. Previous classifications based oil only a few variables are inadequate in light of the large degree of uncorrelated morphologic variation in some samples. The most adequate classification scheme should be based on a wide range of morphologic features of the test, analyzed by computer techniques. Morphologic differences in L. (L.) pustulosa and L. (L.) macdonaldi forms found in the sample were not great enough to warrant classifying them as separate species. The differences are in fact gradational, and the intermediate forms were impossible to objectively classify.M.S. (Master of Science

    Paleontology and stratigraphy of upper Coniacianemiddle Santonian ammonite zones and application to erosion surfaces and marine transgressive strata in Montana and Alberta

    Get PDF
    Erosional surfaces are present in middle and upper Coniacian rocks in Montana and Alberta, and probably at the base of the middle Santonian in the Western Interior of Canada. These erosional surfaces are biostratigraphically constrained using inoceramid bivalves and ammonites, which are used to define lower, middle, and upper substages of both the Coniacian and Santonian stages of the Upper Cretaceous in this region. The most detailed biostratigraphy associated with these erosional surfaces concerns the MacGowan Concretionary Bed in the Kevin Member of the Marias River Shale in Montana, where the bed lies disconformably on middle or lowermost upper Coniacian strata, and is overlain by upper Coniacian beds. Surface and subsurface investigations in west-central Alberta reveal that the Bad Heart Formation, bounded by unconformities, is about the age of the MacGowan Concretionary Bed. Coniacian and Santonian strata are present elsewhere in Alberta and adjoining areas, but little has been published concerning the Santonian megafossils

    Π”Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½Ρ– характСристики систСм фіксації ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π² Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кісток

    No full text
    The characteristics of stiffness are studied and the fixation means allowable load at fractures of the distal epimetazh of the tibia is calculated. The processes of a fracture points mutual displacements development under the influence of long-term cyclic loads are studied. Metal osteosynthesis was performed using various types of medial and lateral plates with angular stability and blocked plates for fixing fractures in the distal epimetazh of the tibia. The tests are conducted under the influence of actual physiological loads of compression, bending and torsion, including cyclic loading modes. Keywords: osteosynthesis; tibial, occipital plates, stiffness of fracture fixation, fracture fixation strength, fracture fixation stabilityΠ˜ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ характСристики ТСсткости ΠΈ рассчитаны допустимыС Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ срСдств фиксации ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эпимСтафиза Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠ΅Π±Π΅Ρ€Ρ†ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… костСй. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ процСссы развития Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… смСщСний Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм Π΄Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… цикличСских Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π±Ρ‹Π» Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… пластин с ΡƒΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… пластин для фиксации слоТных ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ Π’Π“Πš. Π˜ΡΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… физиологичСских Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ сТатия, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ кручСния, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ цикличСскиС Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ‹ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΎΠΊ.ДослідТСно характСристики Торсткості Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– допустимі навантаТСння засобів фіксації ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ… Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΡ–ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ„Ρ–Π·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… кісток. Π’ΠΈΠ²Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ процСси Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π²Π·Π°Ρ”ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… Π·ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Π΄Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ… Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π±ΡƒΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° допомогою Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Ρ–Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π° Π»Π°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… пластин Π· ΠΊΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡŽ ΡΡ‚Π°Π±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŽ Ρ‚Π° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… пластин для фіксації складних ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ–Π² Ρƒ Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π²Ρ–Π΄Π΄Ρ–Π»Ρ– Π’Π“Πš. Випробування ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Π΄Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ… Ρ„Ρ–Π·Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ стиску, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ Ρ‚Π° кручСння, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρ– Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ

    Chromosomal instability of purebred and crossbred dairy cows

    No full text
    The article presents the results of research on the karyotype characteristics variability in purebred and crossbred dairy cows. The material for the research was peripheral blood samples of purebred firstborn cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy and Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breeds, as well as crossbred cows obtained from crossing Ukrainian red-spotted with Montbeliard bulls (DG β€œNyva” SE of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS. Preparation of cytogenetic preparations, analysis of morphology, identification and classification of chromosome aberrations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. We performed cell analysis with the Axiostar plus microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany) under immersion magnification of 1000 times and took microphotographs. In all studies, the frequency of aberrant metaphases and the spectrum of chromosomal aberrations were determined as parameters of chromosomal instability. The following signs were taken into account: the frequency of aneuploid and polyploid cells, cells with premature separation of the centromeric regions of chromosomes (CRC), cells with structural aberrations of chromosomes (breaks, fragments and associations of non-homologous chromosomes). As a result of the analysis of karyotypes of firstborn cows of purebred and crossbred origin, it was established that the proportion of diploid cells in the norm is on average 85%. The remaining almost 15% are somatic cells with numerical and structural abnormalities. Crossbred cows have significantly higher frequencies (P<0.001) of aneuploid (one and a half times), polyploid (by 27%), structural aberrations of chromosomes (by 20%) than in purebred cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted and black-spotted dairy breeds. 15–20% more cells containing chromosomes with breaks and fragments were also found in crossbred firstborns. The results of the cytogenetic study indicate greater chromosomal instability in crossbred cows compared to purebred cows. One of the reasons for this phenomenon may be the influence of breeding methods, in particular crossbreeding

    Spatial Deformation of Osteosynthesis Systems. Message 1. Criteria of Functional Reliability.

    Get PDF
    Based on experimental studies, an analytical method is proposed for assessing the functional reliability of osteosynthesis systems. As criteria for the rigidity of osteosynthesis systems, displacements and mutual rotations of parts of bone fractures with fixation tools were used. The characteristics of the β€œbone with a fracture - fixation system”, necessary for calculations, determined experimentally from individual loads by compression, bending, and torsion of bone samples with simulated fractures and fixation tools.The characteristics of the plates for fixation of tibial fractures are determined, the level of allowable loads is calculated according to the combined action of compression, bending and torsion, and the areas of valid loads are determined.The proposed criteria for functional reliability make it possible, using simple tests and analytical calculations, to determine permissible load levels that do not lead to the occurrence of dangerous movements in the fracture area
    corecore