24 research outputs found
The tibial fractures fixation system deformation characteristics
ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π±ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π· ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΠΠ. ΠΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ.The characteristics of stiffness are studied and the fixation means allowable load at fractures of the distal epimetazh of the tibia is calculated. The processes of a fracture points mutual displacements development under the influence of long-term cyclic loads are studied. Metal osteosynthesis was performed using various types of medial and lateral plates with angular stability and blocked plates for fixing fractures in the distal epimetazh of the tibia. The tests are conducted under the influence of actual physiological loads of compression, bending and torsion, including cyclic loading modes.ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΠΠ. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ
ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ
Identification of dangerous factors for a conditional industrial farm for rainbow trout growing in conditions ofΒ Recurculating aquaculture systemΒ (RAS) was carried out.Β During the analysis of dangerous factors, the degree of significant influence and probability of potential dangers were determined. Significant potential hazards have been identified at such technological stages as insemination and incubation of caviar, larval survival, caviar, larvae, young, commodity fish and pedigree.Biological filter is defined as a key link in theΒ RASΒ the functioning of whichΒ effectsΒ on the quality and safety of commercial fish.Β It carries out aerobic and anaerobic processes to remove contaminations in the form of ammonium producingΒ byΒ fish, and carbon dioxide, which is formed from undigestedΒ food and feces.Β There are suchΒ dangerous factorsΒ on the stage ofΒ biological purification of water:Β biologicalΒ β possibleΒ exceedingΒ theΒ total microbial number (more than 100 CFU/cm3), the number of nitrifying (more than 106Β CFU/cm3)Β andΒ E. coli groupbacteria, the presence of bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Β chemical β exceedingΒ the content of nitrates (more than 50 mg / dm3), nitrites (more than 0.5 mg/dm3), pH β aboveΒ 8.In addition to purely technological, there are additional dangerous factors β relatedΒ to the functioning of the biofilter, fish feeding and the use ofΒ veterinary preparationsΒ and disinfectants. The potential hazards identified in the work are important to be taken into accountΒ in the process of implementation of Rainbow TroutΒ HACCP plan.Β ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ½Π΄ΡΡΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π· Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Π·Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ.Β ΠΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊ.Β Π‘ΡΡΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΊΒ Β ΠΎΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΈ, Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΈ, Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠ². ΠΡΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ β ΠΏΠΎΠ²βΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Π· ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π±ΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°, Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ². ΠΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΄ ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ ΠΠΠ‘Π‘Π Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ
Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Spatial deformation of osteosynthesis systems. Message 1. Criteria of functional reliability
ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ± ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ. Π―ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠ½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π· Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ βΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠ° Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ - Π·Π°ΡΡΠ± ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡβ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΡΠ΄Π½Ρ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ², Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·ΡΠ°Π·ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ
Π· ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ.
ΠΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π° ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠ° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ²Π½Ρ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΡΠΊΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π±Π΅Π·ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ.Based on experimental studies, an analytical method is proposed for assessing the functional reliability of
osteosynthesis systems. As criteria for the rigidity of osteosynthesis systems, displacements and mutual rotations of parts of bone
fractures with fixation tools were used. The characteristics of the βbone with a fracture - fixation systemβ, necessary for
calculations, determined experimentally from individual loads by compression, bending, and torsion of bone samples with simulated
fractures and fixation tools.
The characteristics of the plates for fixation of tibial fractures are determined, the level of allowable loads is calculated according to
the combined action of compression, bending and torsion, and the areas of valid loads are determined.
The proposed criteria for functional reliability make it possible, using simple tests and analytical calculations, to determine
permissible load levels that do not lead to the occurrence of dangerous movements in the fracture area.ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ
Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π₯Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ βΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΌ -
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈβ, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ.
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°
A statistical analysis of Eocene Lepidocyclina from Venezuela
Includes bibliographical references.Includes illustrations.A statistically large sample of Lepidocyclina (Lepidocyclina) sp. from the upper orbitoid beds of the Punta Canero Group, at Punta Mosquito, Isla de Margarita, Venezuela, was analyzed to determine the amount and nature of morphologic variation, and to evaluate present lepidocyclinid taxonomy in light of the results. More than 250 thin sections were prepared and measured for as many as 26 variables in equatorial section and 14 variables in vertical section. Both-equatorial and vertical sections were analyzed using univariate and bivariate statistical analyses as well as Q-and R-mode factor analysis and discriminant analysis of two groups. Results show that the range of morphological variation is large and the importance of genetic and environmental factors can only be speculated. High correlation coefficients between some variables and the grouping of variables into factors indicate redundancy in the overall variable set. This suggests that future studies of this type may be made using fewer variables without sacrifice of major portions of the information. It is necessary to use multivariate statistics to classify lepidocyclinids when such large morphologic variation exists. Previous classifications based oil only a few variables are inadequate in light of the large degree of uncorrelated morphologic variation in some samples. The most adequate classification scheme should be based on a wide range of morphologic features of the test, analyzed by computer techniques. Morphologic differences in L. (L.) pustulosa and L. (L.) macdonaldi forms found in the sample were not great enough to warrant classifying them as separate species. The differences are in fact gradational, and the intermediate forms were impossible to objectively classify.M.S. (Master of Science
Paleontology and stratigraphy of upper Coniacianemiddle Santonian ammonite zones and application to erosion surfaces and marine transgressive strata in Montana and Alberta
Erosional surfaces are present in middle and upper Coniacian rocks in Montana and Alberta, and probably at the base of the middle Santonian in the Western Interior of Canada. These erosional surfaces are biostratigraphically constrained using inoceramid bivalves and ammonites, which are used to define lower, middle, and upper substages of both the Coniacian and Santonian stages of the Upper Cretaceous in this region. The most detailed biostratigraphy associated with these erosional surfaces concerns the MacGowan Concretionary Bed in the Kevin Member of the Marias River Shale in Montana, where the bed lies disconformably on middle or lowermost upper Coniacian strata, and is overlain by upper Coniacian beds. Surface and subsurface investigations in west-central Alberta reveal that the Bad Heart Formation, bounded by unconformities, is about the age of the MacGowan Concretionary Bed. Coniacian and Santonian strata are present elsewhere in Alberta and adjoining areas, but little has been published concerning the Santonian megafossils
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ
The characteristics of stiffness are studied and the fixation means allowable load at fractures of the distal epimetazh of the tibia is calculated. The processes of a fracture points mutual displacements development under the influence of long-term cyclic loads are studied. Metal osteosynthesis was performed using various types of medial and lateral plates with angular stability and blocked plates for fixing fractures in the distal epimetazh of the tibia. The tests are conducted under the influence of actual physiological loads of compression, bending and torsion, including cyclic loading modes. Keywords: osteosynthesis; tibial, occipital plates, stiffness of fracture fixation, fracture fixation strength, fracture fixation stabilityΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΠΠ. ΠΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠΊ.ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΆΠΎΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΠΏΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ·Π° Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π°ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π³ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π· Π±ΡΠ² Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° Π»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π· ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠ°Π±ΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠΊΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΡΠ² Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΠΠ. ΠΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄ Π΄ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΡ, Π·Π³ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ
Chromosomal instability of purebred and crossbred dairy cows
The article presents the results of research on the karyotype characteristics variability in purebred and crossbred dairy cows. The material for the research was peripheral blood samples of purebred firstborn cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy and Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breeds, as well as crossbred cows obtained from crossing Ukrainian red-spotted with Montbeliard bulls (DG βNyvaβ SE of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS. Preparation of cytogenetic preparations, analysis of morphology, identification and classification of chromosome aberrations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. We performed cell analysis with the Axiostar plus microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany) under immersion magnification of 1000 times and took microphotographs. In all studies, the frequency of aberrant metaphases and the spectrum of chromosomal aberrations were determined as parameters of chromosomal instability. The following signs were taken into account: the frequency of aneuploid and polyploid cells, cells with premature separation of the centromeric regions of chromosomes (CRC), cells with structural aberrations of chromosomes (breaks, fragments and associations of non-homologous chromosomes). As a result of the analysis of karyotypes of firstborn cows of purebred and crossbred origin, it was established that the proportion of diploid cells in the norm is on average 85%. The remaining almost 15% are somatic cells with numerical and structural abnormalities. Crossbred cows have significantly higher frequencies (P<0.001) of aneuploid (one and a half times), polyploid (by 27%), structural aberrations of chromosomes (by 20%) than in purebred cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted and black-spotted dairy breeds. 15β20% more cells containing chromosomes with breaks and fragments were also found in crossbred firstborns. The results of the cytogenetic study indicate greater chromosomal instability in crossbred cows compared to purebred cows. One of the reasons for this phenomenon may be the influence of breeding methods, in particular crossbreeding
Spatial Deformation of Osteosynthesis Systems. Message 1. Criteria of Functional Reliability.
Based on experimental studies, an analytical method is proposed for assessing the functional reliability of osteosynthesis systems. As criteria for the rigidity of osteosynthesis systems, displacements and mutual rotations of parts of bone fractures with fixation tools were used. The characteristics of the βbone with a fracture - fixation systemβ, necessary for calculations, determined experimentally from individual loads by compression, bending, and torsion of bone samples with simulated fractures and fixation tools.The characteristics of the plates for fixation of tibial fractures are determined, the level of allowable loads is calculated according to the combined action of compression, bending and torsion, and the areas of valid loads are determined.The proposed criteria for functional reliability make it possible, using simple tests and analytical calculations, to determine permissible load levels that do not lead to the occurrence of dangerous movements in the fracture area