Frame Analysis of Political Texts

Abstract. The article outlines the study of political texts from psycholinguistic perspectives. The research generalizes and empirically verifies a psycholinguistic approach to the study of political discourse and focuses on frame analysis, one of the most powerful psycholinguistic techniques. Frame structure embraces conceptual components that allow accumulating information from different sources. The public speeches of two great Ukrainian and American political leaders Viktor Yushchenko and Barack Obama were the principal sources of the analysis. Frame analysis was applied to study cross-cultural peculiarities that depict national nature of two cultures. Data analysis shows that discourse of the Ukrainian leader is mostly focused on categories such as people, power, liberty. The discourse of the American leader contains categories such as economy, money, people, psychological constructs. The results show that people have become top-priority for V. Yushchenko. They are the people the Ukrainian politician addresses, believes and trusts. V. Yushchenko also focuses on freedom, independence and liberty of any Ukrainian citizen. B. Obama is deeply concentrated on economy and finance of his country. It has become obvious that he is ready to implement the set of reforms for the country to thrive. The category of psychological constructs shows that the American politician is full of respect and proud for his country ant population. The radical variety of two speeches is caused by different economic conditions, values and mentality of two cultures and personal purposes and objectives of the two politicians

Свідомий контроль у мовленнєвій патології та мовленнєвій реабілітації після інсульту

The article presents results of the research conducted in speech rehabilitation period of patients after stroke. The study aims to identify conscious control in speech rehabilitation period of the patients who were diagnosed to have Broca’s aphasia. A sample of 22 patients with Broca’s aphasia, or efferent motor aphasia (Luria, 2004) in the left hemisphere, who stayed at the Volyn Regional Clinical Hospital (Lutsk, Ukraine) during rehabilitation period, was approached through purposeful sampling method for this research. The non-laboratory measure of speech assessment was administered along with demographic data. Results showed that conscious control that usually remains in this group of people plays a crucial role in psychological intervention. The article also discusses the main neuropsycholinguistic principles that help to utilize the potential of conscious control in the process of speech rehabilitation of the patients after strokeСтаттю присвячено результатам мовленнєвої реабілітації пацієнтів після інсульту. Дослідження мало за мету встановити аспекти свідомого контролю під час мовленнєвої реабілітації осіб із афазією Брока, або моторної еферентної афазії (Лурія, 2004), лівої півкулі. Вибірку склали 22 пацієнти Волинської обласної клінічної лікарні в Луцьку (Україна) упродовж реабілітаційного періоду. Дослідження здійснено на основі методів цільового формування вибірки, а також застосування неапаратурного методу оцінки мовлення разом із демографічними даними. Результати засвідчили, що свідомий контроль у цієї групи осіб відіграє ключову роль під час психологічної інтервенції. Крім того, автори обговорюють головні нейропсихолінгвістичні принципи, що сприяють вико-ристанню потенціалу свідомого контролю в процесі мовленнєвої реабілітації пацієнтів після інсульт

Conscious control in speech pathology and speech rehabilitation following stroke

The article presents results of the research conducted in speech rehabilitation period of patients after stroke. The study aims to identify conscious control in speech rehabilitation period of the patients who were diagnosed to have Broca’s aphasia. A sample of 22 patients with Broca’s aphasia, or efferent motor aphasia (Luria, 2004) in the left hemisphere, who stayed at the Volyn Regional Clinical Hospital (Lutsk, Ukraine) during rehabilitation period, was approached through purposeful sampling method for this research. The non-laboratory measure of speech assessment was administered along with demographic data. Results showed that conscious control that usually remains in this group of people plays a crucial role in psychological intervention. The article also discusses the main neuropsycholinguistic principles that help to utilize the potential of conscious control in the process of speech rehabilitation of the patients after stroke

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDICAL CARE

The aim: to investigate changes in the interpretation of the content of the characteristics of the quality of medical care and medical service; to propose practical approaches to the formation of modern quality criteria and indicators in health care institutions. Materials and methods: sources of scientific literature from the databases PubMed, NICE, according to the selected research topic, were selected as research materials; methods: bibliosemantic; analysis and generalization of the obtained data. Results. Classic characteristics of quality – safety, quality of resources, quality of the medical care process, treatment outcome, patient satisfaction, timeliness, fairness, efficiency – are reviewed over time and acquire additional or radically changed content. The selection of relevant quality characteristics is important for health care managers to define quality criteria and indicators according to the requirements of the local context. In addition to the traditional components of infectious safety and the safety of medical interventions, the safety criterion is today complemented by the components of radiation, environmental, epidemic, physical, informational, and terrorist safety. Safety also refers to the ability of professionals to avoid, prevent and reduce harmful interventions or risks to themselves and the environment. Patient-centeredness must include respect for the relationship not only between physician and patient, but also between the patient and all providers of health care for that patient. Effective, safe health care is reflected in a culture of excellence that includes collaboration, communication, compassion, competence, advocacy, respect, accountability and reliability. The most relevant criteria and indicators of the quality of medical care must be developed in accordance with the structure of innovative organizational models of academic health care centers, where scientific, clinical and educational activities are integrated. This requires the formation of end-to-end quality criteria and indicators that cover all activities of academic centers. Conclusions: criteria and indicators of the quality of medical care and medical service are constantly supplemented with new components, in accordance with the achievements of medical science and practice. The transformation of the organizational structures of medical care into academic centers, where scientific and educational activities are added to traditional medical practice, requires the development and introduction of end-to-end criteria for the quality of medical care