Life, time, and the organism:Temporal registers in the construction of life forms

In this paper, we articulate how time and temporalities are involved in the making of living things. For these purposes, we draw on an instructive episode concerning Norfolk Horn sheep. We attend to historical debates over the nature of the breed, whether it is extinct or not, and whether presently living exemplars are faithful copies of those that came before. We argue that there are features to these debates that are important to understanding contemporary configurations of life, time and the organism, especially as these are articulated within the field of synthetic biology. In particular, we highlight how organisms are configured within different material and semiotic assemblages that are always structured temporally. While we identify three distinct structures, namely the historical, phyletic and molecular registers, we do not regard the list as exhaustive. We also highlight how these structures are related to the care and value invested in the organisms at issue. Finally, because we are interested ultimately in ways of producing time, our subject matter requires us to think about historiographical practice reflexively. This draws us into dialogue with other scholars interested in time, not just historians, but also philosophers and sociologists, and into conversations with them about time as always multiple and never an inert background

Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften : Harald Eia & Ole-Martin Ihle, Født sånn eller blitt sånn?

Bilagan (Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften: Facit) tidigare publicerad på https://www.idunn.no/tfk#/editions</p

Technomedical Visions : Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 1980s Sweden

The medical imaging technology called MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) stems from a blind measurement technology which was further developed in research and practice to enable seeing into the inner body. Vision with MRI was open-ended, and it was developed and tamed in a context of fragmented medical perspectives on the body and on technology. "Technomedical Visions" addresses the formation of MRI’s specific visualities in the first decade of its introduction in Sweden. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore how vision with MRI has been constructed in practice in relation to existing ways of knowing the body within medicine. Dussauge investigates first the early decisions that led to a national evaluation of MRI technology in the mid-1980s in Sweden. Then she addresses the shaping of MRI’s quantitative visuality in the practices of radiology, psychiatry and the laboratory, with focus on microhistories at St. Göran’s Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Uppsala University Hospital, and Lund University. Dussauge shows that whereas authorities’ early decisions momentarily defined MRI as a radiological tool for immediate clinical use and evaluation, a crucial part of MRI’s introduction was the work conducted by MRI-users. These researchers from a range of scientific and medical disciplines performed, over time, a multitude of shapings of MRI’s vision. This studies shows how MRI was made congruent with existing technomedical gazes. The novel MRI gaze was made intelligible within cross-referential networks, and researchers reproduced technomedicine’s existing gazes both in the production, optimization and interpretation of MRI representations. Technomedical time frames, epistemologies and definitions of the normal and the pathological were reproduced and sometimes, re-cast, in the shaping of MRI in practice. This study also demonstrates that anatomy recurrently worked as an underlying frame for the exploration and production of MRI visions. Anatomy’s material visuality provided a site for the production of novel facts at the intersection of existing gazes. Through the practices of shaping MRI gazes, anatomy was systematically remediated, reproduced and reconfigured.QC 2010071

The Experimental Neuro-Framing of Sexuality

Brain scans of homosexuality, sexual desire and images of male and female brain function are becoming a common element of popular scientific news. How is sexuality re-described and re-produced when studied in brain scanners? This article explores the cultural production of sexuality in the growing field of neuroimaging research. In focus is the neural framing of sexuality, i.e. the process by which sexuality is understood as a matter of brain activity and visualizable with medical imaging technologies. The neuroframing of sexuality enables a reproduction of socio-cultural notions of difference, but also of neuroscience’s own notions of agency. The neural framing of sexuality re-mediates an idealized sexuality: ageless, neatly oriented, bodiless although haunted by the de-animated body, unfolding neatly as a sequential response of a psychological inside to an inanimate outside, and essentialized as independent from its feelers and objects.Brain Desires (funded by Vetenskapsrådet

The Experimental Neuro-Framing of Sexuality

Brain scans of homosexuality, sexual desire and images of male and female brain function are becoming a common element of popular scientific news. How is sexuality re-described and re-produced when studied in brain scanners? This article explores the cultural production of sexuality in the growing field of neuroimaging research. In focus is the neural framing of sexuality, i.e. the process by which sexuality is understood as a matter of brain activity and visualizable with medical imaging technologies. The neuroframing of sexuality enables a reproduction of socio-cultural notions of difference, but also of neuroscience’s own notions of agency. The neural framing of sexuality re-mediates an idealized sexuality: ageless, neatly oriented, bodiless although haunted by the de-animated body, unfolding neatly as a sequential response of a psychological inside to an inanimate outside, and essentialized as independent from its feelers and objects.Brain Desires (funded by Vetenskapsrådet

Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften : Harald Eia &amp; Ole-Martin Ihle, Født sånn eller blitt sånn?

Bilagan (Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften: Facit) tidigare publicerad på https://www.idunn.no/tfk#/editions</p

Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften : Harald Eia &amp; Ole-Martin Ihle, Født sånn eller blitt sånn?

<p>Bilagan (Sex, lögner och evolutionens förvrängda löften: Facit) tidigare publicerad på https://www.idunn.no/tfk#/editions</p

Pratique du médecin généraliste face à une situation de placement en maison de retraite (enquête de pratique et d'opinion auprès des médecins généralistes du département de l'Ain)

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Repolitisations féministes et queer du cerveau

L’histoire des relations entre biologie et politique féministe est tendue et contradictoire. Cela paraît d’autant plus flagrant aujourd’hui à l’âge d’or des neurosciences qui ramènent les arguments de supériorité masculine, le caractère inéluctable des différences de genre et la prédominance de l’hétérosexualité à une affaire de cerveau. Dans cet article, nous analysons les points d’intersection propres aux sciences du cerveau et du féminisme. Ces deux champs de recherche entretiennent selon nous des rapports conflictuels mais parfois aussi productifs, y compris dans leurs rapports à l’activisme politique. Ces rapports peuvent être caractérisés en référence à trois directions de recherche principales : des « déstabilisations », des « reconstructions » et des « recontextualisations ». En guise de conclusion, nous terminons par quelques réflexions sur les conditions sociologiques de l’engagement dans une économie politique des neurosciences.The historical relationship between biology and feminist politics is one of tensions and contradictions. Today, this is especially flagrant in the present golden age of neuroscience, when the older arguments of superiority of masculinity over femininity, the inevitability of sexual difference, and the dominance of heterosexuality, are formulated in terms of the brain. In this paper, we examine the specific entanglements of brain sciences and feminism and detect three main directions of this endeavour. “Destabilizations”, “reconstructions”, and “recontextualizations” are the conflictive but also sometimes productive ways these two very different fields of research and political activism interact with each other, we argue. We conclude this article by thinking about sociological configurations of involvements in the political economy of neuroscience.La relación histórica entre la biología y la política feminista es una marcada por tensiones y contradicciones. Hecho que resulta especialmente notorio estos días, durante la actual Edad de Oro de la neurociencia; cuando los antiguos argumentos sobre la superioridad de la masculinidad por encima de la femineidad, sobre lo inevitable de la diferencia sexual y sobre el dominio de la heterosexualidad, se formulan en términos del cerebro. En el presente documento analizamos los puntos de cruce existentes entre las ciencias del cerebro y el feminismo, identificando tres direcciones principales en este esfuerzo. Argumentamos que las «Desestabilizaciones», «reconstrucciones» y «recontextualizaciones» son tanto las formas conflictivas como en ciertos casos productivas en las que estos dos campos tan diferentes de análisis (el de la investigación científica y el del activismo político feminista y queer) interactúan entre si. Al final, concluimos reflexionando acerca de configuraciones sociológicas de participación en los quehaceres y discursos de la neurociencia

Instruments of Surveillance Welfare: Computerizing Unemployment and Health in 1960s and 1970s Sweden

Part 2: Computerizing Public Sector IndustriesInternational audienceThe object of this paper is the role of computerization in the establishment of a specific form of “surveillance welfare” after World War II. Was computerization used as a technology of mass-welfaring to produce a governable population in the frame of an expanding welfare state? Large-scale welfare practices such as health screenings and databasing of the unemployed seem to have a common purpose: making the population into a governable, partially self-regulating, collective body–a welfare body. The paper analyzes the use of computers in the implementation of regional health screenings in the 1960s and the 1970s and in the transformation of (un)employment procedures in the 1970s as two sites for the exercise of state control in post-WWII Sweden