Polariton lasing in high-quality Selenide-based micropillars in the strong coupling regime

We have designed and fabricated all-epitaxial ZnSe-based optical micropillars exhibiting the strong coupling regime between the excitonic transition and the confined optical cavity modes. At cryogenic temperatures, under non-resonant pulsed optical excitation, we demonstrate single transverse mode polariton lasing operation in the micropillars. Owing to the high quality factors of these microstructures, the lasing threshold remains low even in micropillars of the smallest diameter. We show that this feature can be traced back to a sidewall roughness grain size below 3 nm, and to suppressed in-plane polariton escape.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Efficient Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Mesodermal Precursors by BMP, Retinoic Acid and Notch Signalling

The ability to direct differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into specific lineages not only provides new insights into the pathways that regulate lineage selection but also has translational applications, for example in drug discovery. We set out to develop a method of differentiating ES cells into mesodermal cells at high efficiency without first having to induce embryoid body formation. ES cells were plated on a feeder layer of PA6 cells, which have membrane-associated stromal-derived inducing activity (SDIA), the molecular basis of which is currently unknown. Stimulation of ES/PA6 co-cultures with Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) both favoured self-renewal of ES cells and induced differentiation into a Desmin and Nestin double positive cell population. Combined stimulation with BMP4 and all-trans Retinoic Acid (RA) inhibited self-renewal and resulted in 90% of cells expressing Desmin and Nestin. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis confirmed that the cells were of mesodermal origin and expressed markers of mesenchymal and smooth muscle cells. BMP4 activation of a MAD-homolog (Smad)-dependent reporter in undifferentiated ES cells was attenuated by co-stimulation with RA and co-culture with PA6 cells. The Notch ligand Jag1 was expressed in PA6 cells and inhibition of Notch signalling blocked the differentiation inducing activity of PA6 cells. Our data suggest that mesodermal differentiation is regulated by the level of Smad activity as a result of inputs from BMP4, RA and the Notch pathway

Treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections caused by resistant bacteria: value of linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and vancomycin

Antibiotic-resistant organisms causing both hospital-and community-acquired complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTI) are increasingly reported. A substantial medical and economical burden associated with MRSA colonisation or infection has been documented. The number of currently available appropriate antimicrobial agents is limited. Good quality randomised, controlled clinical trial data on antibiotic efficacy and safety is available for cSSTI caused by MRSA. Linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin and vancomycin showed efficacy and safety in MRSA-caused cSSTI. None of these drugs showed significant superiority in terms of clinical cure and eradication rates. To date, linezolid offers by far the greatest number of patients included in controlled trials with a strong tendency of superiority over vancomycin in terms of eradication and clinical success

Travelers With Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Cured Without Systemic Therapy

Guidelines recommend wound care and/or local therapy as first-line treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. An analysis of a referral treatment program in 135 travelers showed that this approach was feasible in 62% of patients, with positive outcome in 83% of evaluable patient

Magnetic behaviour of Co-Cr alloys above the critical concentration for ferromagnetism

We have investigated Co-Cr alloys with chromium concentrations slightly larger than the critical concentration for long range magnetic order (25 %). Our results suggest a strong inhomogeneous magnetic state consisting of clusters with a large distribution of formation températures. At low temperatures one observes a superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic transition followed by a ferromagnetic to spin glass transition at lower temperature in the range of concentration 25 % to 29 %.Nous avons étudié des alliages Co-Cr dans un domaine de concentrations en chrome légèrement supérieures à la concentration critique de disparition du ferromagnétisme (25 %). Nos résultats suggèrent un état magnétique très inhomogène, formé d'amas présentant une large distribution de températures de formation. Aux basses températures, on observe une transition superparamagnétisme-ferromagnétisme et une transition ferro-verre de spin à plus basse température dans la gamme de concentration 25 %-29 %

La télémédecine en zones rurales : représentations et expériences de médecins généralistes

International audienceIntroduction : La télémédecine constitue une nouvelle forme de pratique médicale dont le développement est aujourd’hui en pleine expansion. Elle trouve un écho particulier dans certains territoires lorrains où le déficit en médecins généralistes et spécialistes nécessite le développement de nouvelles formes de pratiques. L’objectif de cette étude était d’explorer les représentations de la télémédecine, et de la téléconsultation en particulier, des médecins généralistes exerçant en zones déficitaires en offre de soins en Lorraine et d’identifier les avantages et désavantages perçus de son développement.Méthodes : Une analyse qualitative a été faite à partir de cinq focus groupes réalisés avec 32 médecins entre juin 2014 et juillet 2015 dans un territoire à faible densité médicale.Résultats : Cette étude montre qu’il existe une méconnaissance générale de la télémédecine. Les médecins expriment leur désir de préserver leur rôle de pivot et d’être acteurs de cette télémédecine qui ne devra pas leur être imposée. Les réticences en termes d’aspects juridiques et financiers sont des freins à son développement. Enfin, la télémédecine devra respecter un cadre légal en termes de responsabilité médicale et de sécurisation des données.Discussion : Chaque mois, plus de cent actes de télémédecine sont réalisés en Lorraine. Bien qu’il s’agisse d’une solution permettant de faciliter l’accès aux soins dans les zones déficitaires, les médecins semblent vouloir préserver leur relation médecin-patient et ne se sentent pas prêts à modifier leur pratique

420 Report of 97 transitioning adolescents with cystic fibrosis from paediatric to adult care CF center

International audienc

Aminoglycoside exposure and renal function before lung transplantation in adult cystic fibrosis patients

Background: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at risk of kidney injury even before undergoing lung transplantation, because of prolonged exposure to aminoglycosides (AGs), chronic dehydration and complications of diabetes mellitus. The usual equations estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), such as Cockcroft-Gault and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, are not adapted to the CF population due to patients' low body weight and reduced muscle mass. The aim of this study was to precisely measure GFR in adult CF patients and to see whether repeated AG treatment would impair renal function before lung transplantation. Methods: Inulin or iohexol clearances were performed in 25 adult CF patients when they entered the lung transplant waiting list. No patient was treated with AGs at the time of GFR measurement. Body mass index (BMI), history of diabetes mellitus and blood pressure were recorded. Exposure to intravenous (IV) AGs within 5 years prior to the GFR measurement was obtained from the patient's medical files. Urine samples were collected to check for albuminuria and proteinuria. Results: The population was predominantly female (67%). The mean age was 32 years, the mean BMI was 19 kg/m2 and 28% had CF-related diabetes. Median exposure to IV AG within 5 years before GFR measurement was 155 days with a mean dosage of 7.7mg/kg/day. The mean measured GFR was 106 mL/min/1.73 m2 and the mean estimated GFR according to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula was 124 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusion: Despite prolonged exposure to high-dose IV AG, no decline in GFR was observed in these patients