Determination of vitamin B9 levels in the milk of Brown Swiss and Simmental cows using the ELISA method

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of folic acid in Brown Swiss and Simmental cows’ milk by the competitive ELISA method. Brown Swiss and Simmental cows’ milk samples were collected from two dairies between  February and August 2017 (20 samples from Brown Swiss and 22 samples  from Simmental). The average level of vitamin B9 in Brown Swiss milk was approximately 3.27 ± 1.23 μg/100 g, while for Simmental it was around 2.99 ± 0.88 μg/100 g. In the milk mixture, the mean folic acid level was 3.13 ± 1.07 μg/100 g. There was no statistical difference between breeds in terms of folic acid levels in cow's milk. It was concluded that milk is not a sufficient source to meet the daily folic acid needs of adults in Turkey.Keywords: Dairy cattle breeds, folic acid, raw mil

Antibacterial activities of Allium vineale, Chaerophyllum macropodum and Prangos ferulacea

Allium vineale L., Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss. and Prangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. have been used for cheese production in Turkiye for many centuries. In addition, it is traditionally believed by localpeople that these plants have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these plants. Four solvent extracts (in methanol, ethanol, n-hexane and water) ofthe plants were investigated against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium by using disc diffusion method. The methanol, ethanol and nhexane extracts of all the plants showed antibacterial activity against B. cereus, B. subtilis, M. luteus and S. aureus, while the methanol extract of Allium vineale was also active against P. mirabilis.However, the water extracts of these plants had no antibacterial activity against any of the bacteria tested. The methanol extracts had the higher activity followed by the extracts of ethanol and n-hexane.A. vineale showed the higher antibacterial activity as compared with C. macropodum and P. ferulacea. As a result, organic solvent extracts (especially methanol and ethanol extracts) of these plants can beused as natural antibacterial additives for incorporation in cheese and various food products

Verimliliğin Genel Performans Üzerindeki

ABSTRACT There are strong relationship between measuring of performance systems and real performance of firm ıf the measuring criteria one good for purpose of firm, it will be succesful in order to reflect the real performance in the same degree.In this study prodoctivity criterion, production system of West Mechain Industry (WMI) and "Model of Riggs" which is one of the measuring systems of performance were examined. After that, it was applied to production systems of WMI and general performance of WMI were determined.On the other hand, performance of productivity was examined and results determined by using date belonged to May-October 1997 period were compared with result of application of Riggs Model.As a result, it was determined that, productivity criterion did not reflect general performance of firm completely and show any increase, but general performance showed increasing tendency.İşletmelerin performans ölçme sistemleri ile gerçek performansları arasında güçlü bir bağ vardır. Ölçme kriterleri ne kadar şirket amaçlarına uygun olursa, gerçek performansını yansıtmasında da o derece başarılı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada; verimlilik ölçütü ile birlikte, Batı Makina Kalıp Sanayi A.Ş. (BMS) üretim sistemi ve performans ölçüm sistemlerinden "Riggs Modeli" teorik olarak incelenerek, BMS üretim sistemine uygulanmış ve BMS' nin genel performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca, BMS' nin verimlilik performansı incelenmiş, Mayıs-Ekim 1997 dönemine ait veriler kullanılarak elde edilen sonuçlar Riggs modeli uygulamasının sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak verimlilik kriterinin işletmenin genel performansını tam olarak yansıtmadığı ve gelişme göstermediği, ancak genel performansının giderek artan bir eğilim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir

<研究ノート>西成特区構想の展開と課題 : あいりん地域の新たなセーフティネットづくりを中心に

In this report, Mo(VI) ions are transported from an aqueous donor phase into an aqueous acceptor phase by a newly designed method called as multi dropped liquid membrane (MDLM) system prepared by dissolving TNOA as carrier in kerosene. During the extraction of Mo(VI) ions by the liquid membrane system; 100ppm Mo(VI) solutions as donor phase, buffer solution(pH:9.5) and Na2CO3 in different concentrations as acceptor phase and TNOA diluted by kerosen as organic phase are used.In our experimental work, the effect of temperature by using buffer solution and Na2CO3 in the acceptor phase and effect of concentration of acceptor phase on the extraction of Mo(VI) ions were investigated. Appropriate conditions for Mo(VI) transportation were as follows: pH of donor phase is 2.00, concentration of TNOA is 0.005M, 1.00M Na2CO3 as acceptor phase, and flux rate is 50mL/min. Besides, Mo(VI) ion transportation is consecutive first order irreversible reaction and the transportation of Mo(VI) ions is diffusion controlled process. The kinetic parameters (k1, k2, Rm(max), tmax, Jd(max), Ja(max)) were calculated for the interface reactions assuming two consecutive, irreversible first-order reactions

Demographic and microbial characteristics of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases diagnosed in Malatya, Turkey, 2001-2007

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) has an increasing rate in Turkey. The reason remains largely unknown. A better understanding of the demographic and microbial characteristics of EPTB in the Turkish population would extend the knowledgebase of EPTB and allow us to develop better strategies to control tuberculosis (TB).</p> <p><b>Methods</b></p> <p>We retrospectively evaluated clinical and laboratory data of 397 bacteriologically-confirmed TB cases diagnosed during an eight year-period using by chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 397 study patients, 103 (25.9%) had EPTB and 294 (74.1%) had pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The most commonly seen two types of EPTB were genitourinary TB (27.2%) and meningeal TB (19.4%). TB in bone/joints, pleural cavity, lymph nodes, skin, and peritoneal cavity occurred at a frequency ranging from 9.7% to 10.7%. The age distribution was significantly different (P < 0.01) between PTB and EPTB, with patients older than 45 years tending to have an increased risk of EPTB. Furthermore, the distribution of different types of EPTB differed significantly among age groups (P = 0.03). Meningeal and bone and/or joint TB were more commonly observed among the male patients, while lymphatic, genitourinary, and peritoneal TB cases were more frequently seen among females. Unique strain infection was statistically significantly associated with EPTB (OR: 2.82, 95% CI [1.59, 5.00])</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>EPTB accounted for a significant proportion of TB cases in Malatya, Turkey between 2001 and 2007. The current study has provided an insight into the dynamics of EPTB in Malatya, Turkey. However, the risk factors for having EPTB in Malatya, Turkey remain to be assessed in future studies using population-based or randomly selected sample.</p

Combined transcriptomic-(1)H NMR metabonomic study reveals yhat monoethylhexyl phthalate stimulates adipogenesis and glyceroneogenesis in human adipocytes

Adipose tissue is a major storage site for lipophilic environmental contaminants. The environmental metabolic disruptor hypothesis postulates that some pollutants can promote obesity or metabolic disorders by activating nuclear receptors involved in the control of energetic homeostasis. In this context, monoethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) is of particular concern since it was shown to activate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in 3T3-L1 murine preadipocytes. In the present work, we used an untargeted, combined transcriptomic-(1)H NMR-based metabonomic approach to describe the overall effect of MEHP on primary cultures of human subcutaneous adipocytes differentiated in vitro. MEHP stimulated rapidly and selectively the expression of genes involved in glyceroneogenesis, enhanced the expression of the cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and reduced fatty acid release. These results demonstrate that MEHP increased glyceroneogenesis and fatty acid reesterification in human adipocytes. A longer treatment with MEHP induced the expression of genes involved in triglycerides uptake, synthesis, and storage; decreased intracellular lactate, glutamine, and other amino acids; increased aspartate and NAD, and resulted in a global increase in triglycerides. Altogether, these results indicate that MEHP promoted the differentiation of human preadipocytes to adipocytes. These mechanisms might contribute to the suspected obesogenic effect of MEHP

Review of the Palaearctic species of Ismaridae Thomson, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea)

This is an open access article, available to all readers online, published under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. The attached file is the published version of the article

FARKLI TUTKALLARIN KAYIN ve SARIÇAM AĞAÇLARINDAKİ YAPIŞMA DİRENÇLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ

Bu çalışmada, poliüretan esaslı Pu-Mon ve Pu-Ma, polivinilasetat esaslı PVAc-MA22, PVAc-MA35 ve PVAc-MA50 ile yapıştırılmış Doğu kayını (Fagus orientalis L.) ve sarıçam (Pinus Sylvestris L.) odunlarının yapışma direnci, TS EN 205 esaslarına göre belirlenmiştir. Deney sonuçlarına göre, en yüksek yapışma direnci Pu-Ma (16.01 N/mm2) ve PVAc-MA35 (15.12 N/mm2) ile yapıştırılmış kayın numunelerinde, en düşük yapışma direnci ise Pu-Mon (7.98 N/mm2) ve PVAc-MA35 (7.67 N/mm2) ile yapıştırılmış sarıçam numunelerinde tespit edilmiştir.