Peace Corps Volunteers and their activities in Western Anatolia (Muğla-Aydin)

Soğuk Savaş yıllarında, iki kutba bölünen dünya siyasetinde, kimin egemen olacağına dair birçok politika üretilmiştir. Amerika ve Sovyetler, kendi kamplarını yaratma çabası içerisinde olmuşlardır. Amerika, bu sözde görünmeyen savaş içerisinde, komünizmin dünyaya yayılmasını engellemek, Sovyet tehdidi altında görünen ülkeleri Sovyetlere karşı hem ekonomik hem de askeri yönden güçlendirme amaçlarını güderken aslında kendine bağlı pazarlarını da yaratmış olmaktaydı. 1960'larda Sovyetlerin güler yüzlü dış siyasetine karşı Amerikan karşıtlığının tüm dünyada yayılıyor olması ise Amerika'yı yeni bir proje hazırlamaya itmiştir. Kennedy'nin öncülüğünde 1961'de kurulan ve 1962'de Türkiye'ye gelen Amerikan Barış Gönüllüleri, tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. Gönüllüler hakkında karşıt görüşler olmakla birlikte, neredeyse 10 yıl boyunca Türkiye'nin en ücra bölgelerinde rahatlıkla çalışmışlar ve ülkeden gizli görevlerinin olduğu iddiası ile 1972'de gönderilmişlerdir. Çalışmada Barış Gönüllüleri örgütünün kuruluşu, amaçları, genel yapısı, dünyaya yayılışları, Türkiye'ye gelişleri ve Batı Anadoludaki faaliyetleri Muğla ve Aydın ölçeğinde incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.During the years of Cold War, too many politics were produced concerning who would dominate bi-polarized world policy. USA and Soviet Union struggled for creating their own camps. USA, in so called invisible war, created its own markets while aiming to prevent spread of communism and to strengthen the countries both economically and militarily which seemed menaced by Soviet Union. At 1960s, contrary to Soviet Union's successful foreign policy, the extension of anti-Americanism all-round the world motivated USA to prepare a new project. The Peace Corps was founded by leadership of J.F. Kennedy in 1961, its volunteers came to Turkey in 1962 and outspreaded to the whole world. Although there are opposite ideas about the subject, the volunteers worked at the remotest corners of Turkey almost 10 years and were sent away in 1972 because of the claims of having secret missions. This study tries to analyze Peace Corps' foundation, aims, basic structure, spreading to world, coming to Turkey and their activities at western Anatolia in the scope of Muğla and Aydın

Kaparideki fenolik bileşenlerin özütlenmeside yeni bir yöntem: mikrodalga ile özütleme

TÜBİTAK TOVAG01.04.201

kapari ve iğdedeki fenolik bileşiklerin mikrodalga ile özütlemesi.

The main objective of this study was to extract phenolic compounds from caper and oleaster by using microwave. The effects of microwave power (400 and 700 W), extraction time (5-20 min), solid to solvent ratio (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30) and solvent type (water, ethanol and different ratios of ethanol-water mixture) on total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and concentration of the phenolic compounds in the extracts were investigated. In conventional extraction, extraction time and solvent type were used as independent variables. Microwave extraction was compared with conventional extraction. In caper and oleaster extracts that were obtained by using microwave, total phenolic compounds ranged between 5.0-52.4 and 2.6-43.0 mg GAE/g dry material while the antioxidant activity were between 0.5-2.0 and 0.2-3.7 mg DPPH/g dry material, respectively. Higher total phenolic content was observed with increasing solvent amount. The highest total phenolic content was obtained when 50% ethanol-water mixture was used as solvent. Microwave power did not affect total phenolic content significantly. The highest total phenolic contents were obtained when 400 W microwave power, 50% ethanol-water mixture and solid to solvent ratio of 1:30 were used in the extraction from both caper and oleaster. The best extraction time for caper was 5 min while it was 15 min for oleaster. The main constituents were rutin and kaempferol for both caper and oleaster extracts. For caper and oleaster there was no difference between extraction methods in terms of concentration of phenolic compounds. However, extraction time decreased significantly by using microwave, as compared to conventional extraction.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Effective PEGylation method to improve biocompatibility of graphene derivatives

The research on the use of graphene (G) in the biological applications has increased exponentially with emerging concerns regarding its biosafety and potential cytotoxicity. The modification of the surface with biocompatible polymers is a promising approach where poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have been extensively used. However, increasing water solubility may not be enough to make G biocompatible since it has different cytotoxicity mechanisms like absorbing cell nutrition on its wide surface area and creating reactive oxygen species through its functional groups. A PEGylation method that uses surface area of graphene oxide (GO) by taking advantage of its solubility in aqueous medium and simultaneously producing reduced GO (rGO) to eliminate the cytotoxicity that comes from functional groups might be a solution to improve biocompatibility and solubility of rGO which is an optimum graphene derivative for biological applications. To have surface PEGylated rGO instead of having edge PEGylated GO; P(PEGMA-co-MMA-co-PMA) copolymers were synthesized and coated on GO via π-π interactions through multiple pyrene units in the copolymer. Healed conjugated surface of rGO was used as an advantage to increase the efficiency of PEGylation by in-situ reduction of GO to rGO in the presence of copolymer to obtain biocompatible, water dispersible, highly PEGylated rGO

Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Caper

In this study, it was aimed to extract phenolic compounds from caper by using microwave and to compare the results with conventional extraction. For microwave-assisted extraction, power, extraction time, solid to solvent ratio, and solvent type were selected as independent variables. Dependent variables were total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and concentration of phenolic compounds. The increase in solvent amount increased TPC. The highest TPC was obtained by using extraction conditions of 5 min at 400 W, solid to solvent ratio of 1:30, and ethanol-water mixture at a ratio of 50:50. There was no significant difference between microwave and conventional extraction on TPC and antioxidant activity (AA). However, microwave-assisted extraction decreased extraction time significantly

Holmes' Tremor with Shoulder Pain Treated by Deep Brain Stimulation of Unilateral Ventral Intermediate Thalamic Nucleus and Globus Pallidus Internus

WOS: 000411402900004PubMed ID: 28415166A 21-year-old male was admitted with severe right arm and hand tremors after a thalamic hemorrhage caused by a traffic accident. He was also suffering from agonizing pain in his right shoulder that manifested after the tremor. Neurologic examination revealed a disabling, severe, and irregular kinetic and postural tremor in the right arm during target-directed movements. There was also an irregular ipsilateral rest tremor and dystonic movements in the distal part of the right arm. The amplitude was moderate at rest and extremely high during kinetic and intentional movements. The patient underwent left globus pallidum internus and ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. The patient improved by more than 80% as rated by the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale and Visual Analog Scale six months after surgery

Kapalı Maraş Sorununun stratejik ve ekonomik olarak incelenmesi

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2017.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Öztürk, İbrahim Mert