DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH FAIRY TALES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

As the objective of EFL teaching is to help students to communicate fluently in the target language, teachers should provide authentic models of language use for every level and age. To hit the target we should focus not only on linguistic, but also on literary and cultural elements. Since fairy tales offer these elements, they are highly beneficial to use in EFL teaching programs, especially for young learners.It should be taken into consideration that the selection of fairy tales should be done in reference to the course objective, the learners’ age and the story content. Since every teaching situation is unique, the use of every single piece of fairy tale varies from class to class and from teacher to teacher. But, anyhow, using fairy tales in Elementary English courses as literary works tends to improve communicative competence and provide a springboard for the development of critical thinking and aesthetic appreciation. It is advantageous for many benefits, like cultural enrichment, language advancement, higher-order thinking, and many more. To accomplish the following purpose, there is a great significance given to the methodology and strategies to teaching English through Fairy Tales.As the objective of EFL teaching is to help students to communicate fluently in the target language, teachers should provide authentic models of language use for every level and age. To hit the target we should focus not only on linguistic, but also on literary and cultural elements. Since fairy tales offer these elements, they are highly beneficial to use in EFL teaching programs, especially for young learners.It should be taken into consideration that the selection of fairy tales should be done in reference to the course objective, the learners’ age and the story content. Since every teaching situation is unique, the use of every single piece of fairy tale varies from class to class and from teacher to teacher. But, anyhow, using fairy tales in Elementary English courses as literary works tends to improve communicative competence and provide a springboard for the development of critical thinking and aesthetic appreciation. It is advantageous for many benefits, like cultural enrichment, language advancement, higher-order thinking, and many more. To accomplish the following purpose, there is a great significance given to the methodology and strategies to teaching English through Fairy Tales

Power Efficient, Low Noise 2-5 GHz Phase Locked Loop

A power and noise efficient solution for phase locked loop (PLL) is presented. A lock detector is implemented to deactivate the PLL components, except the voltage controlled oscil ator (VCO), in the locked state. Signals deactivating/activating the PLL are discussed on system level. The introduced technique significantly saves power and decreases PLL output jitter. As a result whole PLL power consumption and output noise decreased about 35-38% in expense of approximately 17% area overhead.Запропоновано рішення для системи фазового автопідстроювання частоти (ФАПЧ) з низьким енергоспоживанням та шумовими характеристиками. Сигнали активації та деактивації ФАПЛ розглянуті на системному рівні. Впроваджена техніка значно покращує енергозбереження та зменшує випадкові зміни фази. В результаті вдалося зменшити витрати енергії та фазовий шум приблизно на 35-38% при збільшенні площі робочої поверхні приблизно на 17%

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИНВЕСТИЦИЙ И ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ

The paper addresses development issues of innovative regional systems and related infrastructure. A brief efficiency analysis of investment in innovative programs and projects has been carried out.The impact of investments on the innovation-driven activities, development of the innovative environment and the socio-economic situation in a region has been studied. Examples of the investment impact on the regional innovative development are provided.Рассмотрены вопросы развития инновационных региональных систем и соответствующей инфраструктуры. Проведен краткий анализ эффективности инвестиций в инновационные программы и проекты. Исследованы вопросы влияния инвестиций на инновационную активность, формирование инновационной среды и на социально-экономическую ситуацию в регионе. Приведены примеры влияния инвестиций на инновационное развитие территорий

Chemical Oxidative Condensation of Benzidine in Non-Aqueous Medium: Synthesis and Investigation of Oligomers and Polymer with Benzidine Diimine Units

The oxidative condensation of benzidine has been carried out in acetic acid media using potassium peroxydisulfate as the oxidizing agent. Using different monomer–oxidant molar ratios, benzidine dimer, trimer, and polymer have been synthesized for the first time. It was established that the polybenzidine structure is composed from a sequence of benzidinediimine and diphenylene units with amino/amino end groups and thus proves the possibility of ammonia elimination during the oxidative polymerization of aromatic diamines. The method seems to be common for the synthesis of polymers with the sequence of aromatic diimine and arylene units. TGA analysis of the obtained trimer and polymer was investigated, and the high thermostability of both the polymer and trimer was revealed. According to the obtained data, both polymer and trimer matrix decomposition started at 300 °C, and at 600 °C, 75.94% and of 69.40% of the initial weight remained, correspondingly. Conductivities of the polymer and trimer show a semiconductor-type change from temperature and after doping show an increase in conductivity up to 10−4 Sm/cm