Die Europäische Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion: Eine Erfolgsgeschichte

Vortrag anlässlich der 52. ifo Jahresversammlung zum Thema Europäische WährungsunionEuropäische Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion

Yttrium ethyl­enediammonium squarate tetra­hydrate

The title compound, {(C2H10N2)1.5[Y(C4O4)3(H2O)4]}n {system­atic name: catena-poly[sesqui(ethyl­enediammonium) [[tetra­aquabis­(squarato-κO)yttrium(III)]-μ-squarato-κ2 O:O′]]}, was synthesized by slow evaporation of an acid solution. The asymetric unit contains one yttrium cation in an anti­prismatic environnement, three squarate groups, one and a half protonated ethyl­enediamine mol­ecules and four water mol­ecules. YO8 polyhedra are connected through bis­(mono­dentate) squarates, leading to infinite zigzag chains, in between which are located ammonium groups. A framework of hydrogen bonds between protonated amine N atoms, water mol­ecules and squarate anions ensures the cohesion of the structure

Simulation of rotor blade element turbulence

A piloted, motion-based simulation of Sikorsky's Black Hawk helicopter was used as a platform for the investigation of rotorcraft responses to vertical turbulence. By using an innovative temporal and geometrical distribution algorithm that preserved the statistical characteristics of the turbulence over the rotor disc, stochastic velocity components were applied at each of twenty blade-element stations. This model was implemented on NASA Ames' Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS), and ten test pilots were used to establish that the model created realistic cues. The objectives of this research included the establishment of a simulation-technology basis for future investigation into real-time turbulence modeling. This goal was achieved; our extensive additions to the rotor model added less than a 10 percent computational overhead. Using a VAX 9000 computer the entire simulation required a cycle time of less than 12 msec. Pilot opinion during this simulation was generally quite favorable. For low speed flight the consensus was that SORBET (acronym for title) was better than the conventional body-fixed model, which was used for comparison purposes, and was determined to be too violent (like a washboard). For high speed flight the pilots could not identify differences between these models. These opinions were something of a surprise because only the vertical turbulence component on the rotor system was implemented in SORBET. Because of the finite-element distribution of the inputs, induced outputs were observed in all translational and rotational axes. Extensive post-simulation spectral analyses of the SORBET model suggest that proper rotorcraft turbulence modeling requires that vertical atmospheric disturbances not be superimposed at the vehicle center of gravity but, rather, be input into the rotor system, where the rotor-to-body transfer function severely attenuates high frequency rotorcraft responses

Methyl 2-(2-hydroxy­acetamido)benzoate

The title compound, C10H11NO4, was formed from 4,1-benzoxazepine-2,5(1H,3H)-dione and ammonia gas. Intra­molecular hydrogen bonding is present between the amide N—H group and the carbonyl O atom of the ester group. The crystal structure features inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Ethyl 4-(3-bromo-2-thien­yl)-2-oxo-6-phenyl­cyclo­hex-3-ene-1-carboxyl­ate

The title compound, C19H17BrO3S, crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The methyl group of one mol­ecule is disordered approximately equally over two positions. The dihedral angles between the thio­phene and phenyl groups are 68.5 (2) and 67.5 (2)° in the two mol­ecules

1,5-Bis(2-formyl­phen­oxy)-3-oxapenta­ne

In the title mol­ecule, C18H18O5, the two aromatic rings are connected by a flexible 3-oxapentane chain. The mol­ecule has a crystallographic twofold rotation axis (C 2) passing through the central O atom. An intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond is observed in the solid state

Features of a Mediterranean Diet and Mental Health Outcomes in College Students

Up to 30% of college students are reported to suffer from depression or anxiety. Previous studies have produced correlations between nutritional variables and mental health outcomes in adults. Specifically, variables featured in the Mediterranean diet, including increased fiber, monounsaturated fat, omega-3 fatty acids, fruit and vegetable intake, and decreased added sugars have been associated with more favorable mental health outcomes. PURPOSE: This research was conducted to explore relationships between specific variables included in the Mediterranean diet and mental health symptoms in college students. METHODS: To collect data on diets, participants were given three-day diet records to record food and beverage intake. Participants completed an online survey including multiple standardized mental health questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Zung Anxiety Scale. The three-day diet records were inputted into Food Processor software to examine exact nutritional status. The mental health questionnaires were scored according to the test instructions. The data was then entered into SPSS for further statistical analysis. RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation was found between increased grams of omega-3 fatty acids and a decreased level of depression according to the Beck Depression Inventory –(r=-0.337, p=0.025). Another significant correlation was found between greater total grams of added sugar and lower depression on the Beck Depression Inventory (r=-0.328, p=0.030). There were no significant correlations found with depression, anxiety, or mood and other nutrition variables such as monounsaturated fat, fiber, and fruit and vegetable intake. CONCLUSION: Examining the correlations in this study to highlight specific aspects of the Mediterranean diet, high intake of omega-3 fatty acids and added sugars are the strongest predicting factors to favorable mental health status

Potassium trifluoro­[(Z)-3-methoxy­prop-1-en­yl]borate

In the title salt, K+·C4H7BF3O−, the K atom is surrounded by six anions making close contacts through seven F [K⋯F = 2.779 (1)–3.048 (1) Å] and two O [K⋯O = 2.953 (2) and 3.127 (2) Å] atoms in a trivacant fac-vIC-9 icosa­hedral coordination geometry