La Chapelle-sur-Erdre – Opération de connexion des lignes 1 et 2 de tramway (phase 2), Babinière, CETEX et pôle d’échange

Le diagnostic archéologique mené en janvier 2020 sur les terrains sud de la Babinière couvre une surface supérieure à 84 000 m2. L’intervention a mis au jour quelques fossés parcellaires modernes et contemporains ainsi que des fosses de plantation récentes. De fait, la batterie de structures de combustion antiques découverte à 100 m de l’emprise diagnostiquée semble bien isolée (Sélèque dir. 2012). Il confirme les conclusions des précédents diagnostics réalisés dans ce secteur (Nauleau dir. 2..

Les confluences nantaises aux âges des Métaux : pôles de peuplement, réseaux routiers et fluviaux entre Loire, Erdre et Sèvre Nantaise

International audienceThe territory of present Nantes area is crossed by the river routes of the Loire and its tributaries, the Erdre and Sèvre, forming as many corridors and intersections at their confluences. Despite the development of rescue archeology, the question of the occupation of this territory during the Metal Ages remains unresolved. If the river sediments and the amenities of the historical periods form, mainly in the city center of Nantes, a mask obstructing the approach of potential protohistoric remains, it is nevertheless possible to widen the focal to the immediate periphery of the Nantes agglomeration. The mapping of sites and indices from the Bronze and Iron ages, confronted with the restitution of the ancient road network, characterized by the crossroads of Nantes and Rezé, makes it possible to question this sector with a new look. By crossing the cult items, funeral, domestic and topography, there is a structured landscape by road and waterways, on which appear privileged sectors. In order to appreciate the dynamics of this space over the long-term of Metal Ages, we advance the postulate of the existence of several poles, contemporary or not, structuring this territory in connection with road and river traffic.Le territoire de l’actuelle métropole nantaise est traversé par les axes fluviaux de la Loire et de ses affluents, l’Erdre et la Sèvre Nantaise, formant autant de couloirs de circulation et de carrefours à leurs confluences. Malgré le développement de l’archéologie préventive, la question de l’occupation de ce territoire au cours des âges des Métaux reste entière. Si les recouvrements fluviaux et les aménagements des périodes historiques forment, principalement dans le centre-ville de Nantes, un masque gênant l’approche de potentiels niveaux protohistoriques, il est néanmoins possible d’élargir la focale à la périphérie immédiate de l’agglomération nantaise. La cartographie des sites et des indices de sites des âges du Bronze et du Fer, confrontée à la restitution du réseau routier antique, caractérisé par les carrefours de Nantes et de Rezé, permet d’interroger ce secteur avec un regard nouveau. En croisant les items cultuels, funéraires, domestiques et topographiques, on observe un paysage structuré par les axes fluviaux et routiers, au sein duquel apparaissent des secteurs privilégiés. Afin d’apprécier les dynamiques de cet espace sur le temps long des âges des Métaux, on avance le postulat de l’existence de plusieurs pôles, contemporains ou non, structurant ce territoire en lien avec la circulation routière et fluviale

L'enceinte Cerny des Jachères à Marolles-sur-Seine (Seine-et-Marne)

National audienc

Du Néolithique à l'âge du Fer aux Mureaux

International audienc

Un ensemble funéraire du Campaniforme / Bronze ancien : le site des « Touches » à Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d’Armor)

International audienceThe site of « Les Touches » is located to the north-west of Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d'Armor), about 30 km south-east of Saint-Brieuc. The archaeological excavation was carried out in spring 2015 before the realignment of the RD59 by the Conseil Général des Côtes-d'Armor. The excavation, which covered an area of 9 000 m², was centered on the late prehistoric features that were discovered south of the road project during trial trenches carried out by A.-L. Hamon in 2013. The site dates to the second half of the Late Iron Age and to Early Antiquity. It also includes a small funerary group dating to the beginning of the Metal Ages.The funerary group is located on the eastern edge of the excavation in a small flat area in the middle of a slope, approximately 300 m to the northeast of an Early Bronze Age settlement identified during a previous operation. At an altitude of 77 m NGF, it overlooks the Quiloury Valley. It consists of 13 funerary features in an area of approximately 170 m². As it stands, the extent of this group remains unknown; it is possible that it continues beyond the boundaries of the excavation. A pit (FS) and several post holes (PO) were found in the vicinity of the burials (SP). The pit FS1639, containing an arciform cord urn from the Early Bronze Age 2, could be linked to the small funerary complex as it cuts the tomb SP1124 . The post holes did not provide any datable material or elements linking them to the burials. Similarly, no ditches or mounds were identified. More broadly, no other Early Bronze Age feature was found on the excavation.The burials are housed in quadrangular pits with rounded corners. Their orientations vary from north-west/south-east to west-south-west/east-north-east. Their dimensions vary from 1.36 m x 0.76 m for the smallest (SP1120) to 3.64 m x 1.90 m for the largest (SP1121). The cuts have a rounded profile with a flat bottom that is more or less even and vertical or subvertical sides. The burials are 0.17 m (SP1128) to 0.62 m deep (SP1121). However, none of the skeletal material is preserved, which is typical for this northern part of Brittany with its acidic soils. The funerary architectures that include stone and wood are diverse. Micromorphological analyses also suggest the use of earth. There are several types of burial: mobile perishable material containers set by stones in SP1119 and SP1120, mobile perishable material containers made of wood lined with clay and set by stones for SP1122 and SP1126, wooden or stone frame for SP1115 and SP1139 or a funerary chamber for SP1121. Other constructions, notably in stone, mark the burials (piling of blocks on the surface, possible small cairns, etc.).Funerary goods are rare. A quadrangular container found in SP1139 is the only evidence of an intentional deposit. The artefacts consist of small pottery and lithic fragments found in secondary deposition contexts. The finds date to the Bell Beaker period and/or the Early Bronze Age. Thirteen radiocarbon dates from eleven features range from 2600 to 1600 cal BC. However, these dates can be brought into question as the charcoal samples come from secondary deposition contexts. It seems that the earliest burials date to the end of the Bell Beaker period and the group developed during the Early Bronze Age.Small funerary groups dating to the Early Bronze Age such as 'Les Touches' are rare in Brittany and the Armorican Massif. This area is better known for its tumuli, built using earth and stone that cover one or several burials. They are sometimes organized into funerary groups directly linked to a family farm or a village. It is therefore tempting to link the site of 'Les Touches' with the settlement discovered at the Gouviard quarry located 300 m to the southeast. The dates obtained on the latter, from 2290-2051 cal BC, are comparable to those proposed for the funerary complex.Such burial groups are not, however, unprecedented for the Bell Beaker period/Early Bronze Age, as similar sites have been documented in eastern and southern France. 'Les Touches' contributes to a better perception of the funerary practices of the end of the Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age in the Armorican Massif.La fouille menée sur le site des « Touches » à Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d'Armor) au printemps 2015 a permis de mettre au jour un ensemble funéraire composé de 13 sépultures. Situé sur un replat en milieu de pente, il se développe sur 170 m² en limite orientale de l'emprise. Les structures funéraires sont des fosses de formes quadrangulaires aux angles arrondis, orientées nord-ouest/sud-est ou ouest-sud-ouest/est-nord-est. Si aucun reste osseux n'est conservé sur ce terrain peu propice, les nombreuses pierres découvertes dans les comblements permettent de proposer l'existence de plusieurs dispositifs : coffre de bois mobile, planches, coffrage, système de marquage au sol. Le mobilier est rare et majoritairement en position secondaire. Un récipient céramique atteste d'au moins un geste intentionnel de dépôt associé à une sépulture. Les datations par le radiocarbone (oscillant de 2600 à 1600 cal BC) tout comme les caractéristiques typo technologique du mobilier ne permettent qu'une large attribution de cet ensemble au Campaniforme et/ou à l'âge du Bronze ancien

Un ensemble funéraire du Campaniforme / Bronze ancien : le site des « Touches » à Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d’Armor)

International audienceThe site of « Les Touches » is located to the north-west of Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d'Armor), about 30 km south-east of Saint-Brieuc. The archaeological excavation was carried out in spring 2015 before the realignment of the RD59 by the Conseil Général des Côtes-d'Armor. The excavation, which covered an area of 9 000 m², was centered on the late prehistoric features that were discovered south of the road project during trial trenches carried out by A.-L. Hamon in 2013. The site dates to the second half of the Late Iron Age and to Early Antiquity. It also includes a small funerary group dating to the beginning of the Metal Ages.The funerary group is located on the eastern edge of the excavation in a small flat area in the middle of a slope, approximately 300 m to the northeast of an Early Bronze Age settlement identified during a previous operation. At an altitude of 77 m NGF, it overlooks the Quiloury Valley. It consists of 13 funerary features in an area of approximately 170 m². As it stands, the extent of this group remains unknown; it is possible that it continues beyond the boundaries of the excavation. A pit (FS) and several post holes (PO) were found in the vicinity of the burials (SP). The pit FS1639, containing an arciform cord urn from the Early Bronze Age 2, could be linked to the small funerary complex as it cuts the tomb SP1124 . The post holes did not provide any datable material or elements linking them to the burials. Similarly, no ditches or mounds were identified. More broadly, no other Early Bronze Age feature was found on the excavation.The burials are housed in quadrangular pits with rounded corners. Their orientations vary from north-west/south-east to west-south-west/east-north-east. Their dimensions vary from 1.36 m x 0.76 m for the smallest (SP1120) to 3.64 m x 1.90 m for the largest (SP1121). The cuts have a rounded profile with a flat bottom that is more or less even and vertical or subvertical sides. The burials are 0.17 m (SP1128) to 0.62 m deep (SP1121). However, none of the skeletal material is preserved, which is typical for this northern part of Brittany with its acidic soils. The funerary architectures that include stone and wood are diverse. Micromorphological analyses also suggest the use of earth. There are several types of burial: mobile perishable material containers set by stones in SP1119 and SP1120, mobile perishable material containers made of wood lined with clay and set by stones for SP1122 and SP1126, wooden or stone frame for SP1115 and SP1139 or a funerary chamber for SP1121. Other constructions, notably in stone, mark the burials (piling of blocks on the surface, possible small cairns, etc.).Funerary goods are rare. A quadrangular container found in SP1139 is the only evidence of an intentional deposit. The artefacts consist of small pottery and lithic fragments found in secondary deposition contexts. The finds date to the Bell Beaker period and/or the Early Bronze Age. Thirteen radiocarbon dates from eleven features range from 2600 to 1600 cal BC. However, these dates can be brought into question as the charcoal samples come from secondary deposition contexts. It seems that the earliest burials date to the end of the Bell Beaker period and the group developed during the Early Bronze Age.Small funerary groups dating to the Early Bronze Age such as 'Les Touches' are rare in Brittany and the Armorican Massif. This area is better known for its tumuli, built using earth and stone that cover one or several burials. They are sometimes organized into funerary groups directly linked to a family farm or a village. It is therefore tempting to link the site of 'Les Touches' with the settlement discovered at the Gouviard quarry located 300 m to the southeast. The dates obtained on the latter, from 2290-2051 cal BC, are comparable to those proposed for the funerary complex.Such burial groups are not, however, unprecedented for the Bell Beaker period/Early Bronze Age, as similar sites have been documented in eastern and southern France. 'Les Touches' contributes to a better perception of the funerary practices of the end of the Neolithic and the beginning of the Bronze Age in the Armorican Massif.La fouille menée sur le site des « Touches » à Plénée-Jugon (Côtes-d'Armor) au printemps 2015 a permis de mettre au jour un ensemble funéraire composé de 13 sépultures. Situé sur un replat en milieu de pente, il se développe sur 170 m² en limite orientale de l'emprise. Les structures funéraires sont des fosses de formes quadrangulaires aux angles arrondis, orientées nord-ouest/sud-est ou ouest-sud-ouest/est-nord-est. Si aucun reste osseux n'est conservé sur ce terrain peu propice, les nombreuses pierres découvertes dans les comblements permettent de proposer l'existence de plusieurs dispositifs : coffre de bois mobile, planches, coffrage, système de marquage au sol. Le mobilier est rare et majoritairement en position secondaire. Un récipient céramique atteste d'au moins un geste intentionnel de dépôt associé à une sépulture. Les datations par le radiocarbone (oscillant de 2600 à 1600 cal BC) tout comme les caractéristiques typo technologique du mobilier ne permettent qu'une large attribution de cet ensemble au Campaniforme et/ou à l'âge du Bronze ancien

Penetrance estimation of Alzheimer disease in SORL1 loss-of-function variant carriers using a family-based strategy and stratification by APOE genotypes

International audienceAbstract Background Alzheimer disease (AD) is a common complex disorder with a high genetic component. Loss-of-function (LoF) SORL1 variants are one of the strongest AD genetic risk factors. Estimating their age-related penetrance is essential before putative use for genetic counseling or preventive trials. However, relative rarity and co-occurrence with the main AD risk factor, APOE -ε4, make such estimations difficult. Methods We proposed to estimate the age-related penetrance of SORL1 -LoF variants through a survival framework by estimating the conditional instantaneous risk combining (i) a baseline for non-carriers of SORL1- LoF variants, stratified by APOE-ε4 , derived from the Rotterdam study ( N = 12,255), and (ii) an age-dependent proportional hazard effect for SORL1- LoF variants estimated from 27 extended pedigrees (including 307 relatives ≥ 40 years old, 45 of them having genotyping information) recruited from the French reference center for young Alzheimer patients. We embedded this model into an expectation-maximization algorithm to accommodate for missing genotypes. To correct for ascertainment bias, proband phenotypes were omitted. Then, we assessed if our penetrance curves were concordant with age distributions of APOE -ε4-stratified SORL1- LoF variant carriers detected among sequencing data of 13,007 cases and 10,182 controls from European and American case-control study consortia. Results SORL1- LoF variants penetrance curves reached 100% (95% confidence interval [99–100%]) by age 70 among APOE -ε4ε4 carriers only, compared with 56% [40–72%] and 37% [26–51%] in ε4 heterozygous carriers and ε4 non-carriers, respectively. These estimates were fully consistent with observed age distributions of SORL1- LoF variant carriers in case-control study data. Conclusions We conclude that SORL1- LoF variants should be interpreted in light of APOE genotypes for future clinical applications