216 research outputs found

    Appartenance aux réseaux : élément-clé de la RSE pour les PME libanaises ?

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    International audienceL'Ă©conomie libanaise se caractĂ©rise par un tissu de PME qui reprĂ©sentent 97% du total des entreprises libanaises et emploient 50% de la main d'oeuvre libanaise (CCI, 2014) avec seulement 16 000 entreprises, parmi prĂšs de 175 000, qui dĂ©clarent avoir un chiffre d'affaires supĂ©rieur Ă  100 000 dollars (Sbeih, 2009). Plus de 74% des PME libanaises ont Ă©tĂ© fondĂ©es par leurs propriĂ©taires actuels. Les autres PME sont des entreprises familiales. (Badreddine, 2011). Diverses Ă©tudes ont Ă©tĂ© faites entre 2005 et 2014 Ă  propos de l'intĂ©gration de la RSE au Liban (Jamali et Mirshak, 2007 ; Baraka, 2013 ; Chidiac El Hajj, 2013 ; Doumit et Menhall, 2013 ; Dirani, 2014). La place de la communautĂ© est importante au Liban et celle-ci peut-ĂȘtre la partie prenante critique. Jamali et Mirshak (2007) montrent que la RSE au Liban peut ĂȘtre mise en place par des actions volontaires. Nous souhaitons approfondir la rĂ©flexion des rĂ©seaux comme outils de soutien ou de dĂ©veloppement pour le dirigeant d'une PME, notamment durant les pĂ©riodes difficiles (Ndangwa et al., 2007, Barnir et Smith, 2002)

    Le discours de la GRH dans les outils RSE

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    International audienceDans cette communication, notre objectif est de proposer une analyse du discours en gestiondes ressources humaines de quatre outils de la RSE. En partant des apports thĂ©oriques sur laresponsabilitĂ© sociale et sur la gestion des Ressources Humaines, nous dĂ©couvrons de mĂȘmeles caractĂ©ristiques de la gestion durable des Ressources Humaines. Nous aurons recours aulogiciel Alceste pour une analyse textuelle des discours normatifs. Ce travail qualitatif, Ă  visĂ©eexploratoire, vise Ă  identifier par une analyse de contenu les spĂ©cificitĂ©s de la GRH desrĂ©fĂ©rentiels multidimensionnels et unidimensionnels Ă©tudiĂ©s. Nous examinons si les pratiquesRH identifiĂ©es rejoignent les caractĂ©ristiques d'une gestion durable et/ou stratĂ©gique desressources humaines.</p

    Secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis treated by lung transplant: A case report.

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    Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a pulmonary disease characterized by disruption of surfactant homeostasis resulting in its accumulation in the alveoli. PAP is classically classified into three categories (Table 1): 1/primary (or autoimmune) with antibodies targeting the GM-CSF pathway, 2/secondary to another disease, typically a hematologic malignancy, and 3/genetic. A 30 year-old woman received an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Within the first 6 months post HSCT, she developed an ocular, oral, digestive and hepatic graft-versus-host disease associated with a mixed ventilatory defect with a very severe obstructive syndrome and a severe CO diffusion impairment. High resolution computed tomography showed a classical "crazy paving" pattern. Aspect and differential cell count of BAL were normal. All microbiological samples remained culture negative. Histo-pathological analysis of transbronchial biopsies was unremarkable. Because of the severity of the respiratory insufficiency, open-lung biopsy (OBL) could not be performed. Despite multiple immunosuppressive therapies, lung function deteriorated rapidly; the patient also developed an excavated fungal lesion unresponsive to treatment. She underwent a bilateral lung transplant 48 months after HSCT. Histo-pathological analysis of explanted lungs showed obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), diffuse PAP and invasive cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. This case illustrates the simultaneous occurrence of OB, PAP and a fungal infection in a 30-year old female patient who underwent HSCT for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To our knowledge this is the only documented case of PAP associated with OB treated by lung transplantation

    Cytological features of uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors in liquid-based cervical cytology: a potential pitfall. Report of a unique and rare case.

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    Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors (UTROSCTs) are rare uterine neoplasms of uncertain etiology that resemble the sex cord tumors of the ovary and display a combined sex cord, epithelial, and smooth muscle immunophenotype. Most tumors are associated with a benign clinical course. We report the first cytological description of uterine UTROSCTs in liquid-based cervical cytology (LBC). A menopausal woman was discovered to have a uterine intraluminal polypoid mass protruding through the vagina. A Pap test was performed, and the LBC preparation showed isolated tumor cells with scant cytoplasm and slightly irregular, ovoid nuclei with fine chromatin and small nucleoli. Final histological evaluation identified a UTROSCT. This diagnostic possibility, albeit rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis when isolated malignant-appearing adenocarcinomatous cells are seen in women in the above scenario. As these features are not specific, they may result in misinterpretation with tumors that are more common and aggressive

    Prenatal Diagnosis of GĂłmez-LĂłpez-HernĂĄndez Syndrome.

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    GĂłmez-LĂłpez-HernĂĄndez syndrome (GLHS), also known as cerebello-trigeminal-dermal dysplasia, is an extremely rare neurocutaneous disease, classically described by the triad of rhombencephalosynapsis (RES), bilateral focal alopecia, and trigeminal anesthesia. The clinical and radiographic spectrum of GLHS is now known to be broader, including craniofacial and supratentorial anomalies, as well as neurodevelopmental issues. Here, we present a case of antenatally diagnosed GLHS with RES, hydrocephaly, and craniofacial anomalies identified on ultrasound (low-set ears with posterior rotation, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, micrognathia, and anteverted nares) which were confirmed by autopsy after termination of pregnancy at 23 weeks of gestation. As no known genetic causes have been identified and the classical triad is not applicable to prenatal imaging, prenatal diagnosis of GLHS is based on neuroimaging and the identification of supporting features. In presence of an RES associated with craniofacial abnormalities in prenatal (brachycephaly, turricephaly, low-set ears, midface retrusion, micrognathia), GLHS should be considered as "possible" according to postnatal criteria

    Accessory and cavitated uterine masses: a case series and review of the literature

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    ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to report nine patients of young women who underwent a surgical treatment of an accessory and cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) in our hospital between 2014 and 2022 and review all cases described in the literature.Material and methodsThe principal outcomes measured are the imaging techniques used to determine the diagnosis, the type of surgery used and the post-operative evolution of symptoms. We also report and analyse the 79 patients found in the literature since 1996 in addition to our 9 patients.ResultsSurgical excision is the only long-lasting treatment. Small invasive surgery with laparoscopic access is the gold standard and most widely used (83.0%). Some new therapeutic procedures have been recently described of which ethanol sclerotherapy seems very promising. Post-operatively, 54.5% of patients have a complete relief of symptoms. MRI is the best imaging technique to identify ACUM. Finally, we refine the description of this pathology and give a more precise definition of it.ConclusionThrough our literature review and the analysis of our cases, we want to underline an important diagnostic criterion of this pathology: the fallopian tube on the homolateral side of the ACUM never communicates with the latter. It is a capital element for differential diagnosis

    Les stages des ingĂ©nieurs civils des mines de Saint-Étienne

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    National audienceLes « ingĂ©nieurs civils des mines », longtemps restĂ©s dans l’ombre de ceux du Corps des mines, ont pourtant exercĂ© une influence dĂ©cisive dans le processus d’industrialisation en France et ailleurs. Issus tout d’abord des Écoles des Mines de Paris et de Saint-Étienne, auxquelles se sont ensuite ajoutĂ©es celles d’AlĂšs, de Douai, de Nancy, et enfin de Nantes et d’Albi, les ingĂ©nieurs civils des mines ont Ă©tĂ©, au cours des XIXe et XXe siĂšcles, des acteurs majeurs, omniprĂ©sents, de l’industrialisation. À quoi est due une telle rĂ©ussite ? Le « complexe technique » des mines est intrinsĂšquement liĂ© Ă  d’autres industries, telles que la mĂ©tallurgie et la chimie, et implique la maĂźtrise de compĂ©tences diversifiĂ©es, Ă©toffĂ©es, afin de mener une exploitation rationnelle des ressources nationales. Cependant, les seules compĂ©tences techniques sont insuffisantes ; elles doivent ĂȘtre associĂ©es Ă  une maĂźtrise complĂšte de la gestion et de l’administration d’une entreprise industrielle, un savoir-faire dont disposent les ingĂ©nieurs civils des mines

    The industrial placement in company : a factor of development ? : a training system structured by linguistic instruments : the role of the industrial placement in engineering curriculum

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    Il est couramment admis aujourd’hui que le stage en entreprise est essentiel Ă  la formation, fut-elle universitaire. Peu de travaux pourtant se sont intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  la maniĂšre dont le stage contribue Ă  la professionnalisation et au dĂ©veloppement et Ă  la formation des Ă©lĂšves et Ă©tudiants. La thĂšse rĂ©alisĂ©e dans le cadre de l’Ecole des Mines de St Etienne cherche Ă  explorer en quoi le stage en entreprise pour des Ă©lĂšves en formation d’ingĂ©nieurs pouvait ĂȘtre facteur de dĂ©veloppement AppuyĂ© sur une perspective socio-constructiviste, et sur la thĂ©orie de l’activitĂ© issue des approches vygotskienne la thĂšse s’intĂ©resse Ă  la maniĂšre dont les instruments langagiers structurent la pratique du stage, permettent la rĂ©flexivitĂ© et la mise en visibilitĂ© des contradictions des systĂšmes d’activitĂ© entre l’entreprise et l’Ecole et Ă  l’intĂ©rieur mĂȘme de l’Ecole.L’approche thĂ©orique permet de dĂ©finir les hypothĂšses suivantes :- Le stage est intĂ©grĂ© Ă  un dispositif de formation, organisĂ© en lien avec les rĂšgles de la communautĂ© constituĂ©e par les instances qui valident la formation. Ce dispositif s’imprĂšgne de l’histoire du mĂ©tier dans laquelle il s’inscrit. - Le stage est un Ă©lĂ©ment de socialisation par les instruments parce qu’il permet Ă  l’élĂšve de s’inscrire dans un genre partagĂ©, avec une acceptation de rĂšgles du jeu autour de la construction de son identitĂ© professionnelle, vers le mĂ©tier d’ingĂ©nieur. Le dispositif de formation propose Ă  l’élĂšve un appareil de conversation qui lui permet de modifier et de reconstruire la rĂ©alitĂ© subjective et lui fournit une nouvelle identitĂ© professionnelle. Le rapport et la soutenance sont des instances proposĂ©es Ă  l’élĂšve pour discuter du genre dĂ©couvert pendant le stage.- L’élĂšve, lorsqu’il restitue son expĂ©rience en entreprise, se situe Ă  l’intersection de plusieurs systĂšmes d’activitĂ© : le sien, celui de l’entreprise qui l’a accueilli en stage et celui du tuteur enseignant qui va valider cette expĂ©rience pour sa formation. Nous caractĂ©risons donc en quoi le dispositif proposĂ© par la formation permet la rĂ©flexivitĂ© avec la mise en visibilitĂ© des contradictions vĂ©cues et Ă©ventuellement leur dĂ©passement. Nous regardons ensuite comment le rapport et la soutenance portent les traces de cette rĂ©flexion.A partir d’une analyse de l’historique des formations des ingĂ©nieurs nous cherchons Ă  comprendre les logiques de formation et l’évolution de la place laissĂ©e aux stages. Une analyse du prescrit des stages est rĂ©alisĂ© Ă  travers les documents de l’Ecole d’ingĂ©nieurs. Questionnaires et entretiens permettent de saisir les reprĂ©sentations du stage par le Directeur et une promotion d’élĂšves. Puis deux Ă©tudes de cas appuyĂ©es sur l’étude des rapports et des soutenances de deux Ă©lĂšves et d’entretiens avec leurs tuteurs sont rĂ©alisĂ©es. L’analyse des donnĂ©es recueillies a montrĂ© que le stage en entreprise, pour fonctionner, se situe dans diffĂ©rents systĂšmes d’activitĂ©. Le systĂšme de formation qui prescrit le stage est pris dans des logiques dĂ©pendantes de celles des instances prescriptives du mĂ©tier d’ingĂ©nieurs : les entreprises et leurs Ă©volutions, les politiques d’enseignement, la CTI, le CEFI
 A une autre Ă©chelle, dans la formation d’ingĂ©nieurs observĂ©e, les systĂšmes d’activitĂ© interpellĂ©s pour ce stage sont notamment ceux de l’Ecole, de l’entreprise, de l’élĂšve, de l’enseignement, de la recherche. Enfin Ă  l’échelle de deux Ă©lĂšves, nous avons pointĂ© les convergences et les contradictions qui existent entre le systĂšme d’activitĂ© d’un Ă©lĂšve, celui de son tuteur-enseignant, celui de l’entreprise, et celui de la recherche.It is widely acknowledged today that the industrial placement is essential to academic study, even at university. However, few works have focused on the way in which the placement contributes to professional experience, the development and training of the students. The thesis undertaken at the Ecole Nationale SupĂ©rieure des Mines in Saint-Etienne (Graduate School of engineering) investigates to what extent the industrial placement could be a factor in the development of engineering students. Based on a socio-constructivist perspective and on the activity theory developed by Vygotsky’s approach, the thesis looks at the way in which the linguistic instruments structure the industrial placement itself, allowing a degree of reflexiveness and bringing to light contradictions in the activity systems between the company and the School as well as within the School itself.The theoretical approach allows us to establish the following hypotheses:- The industrial placement is integrated into a method of training that is set up in line with the rules of the community consisting of the authorities who validate the training. This methodology is embedded in the history of the profession. - The industrial placement is a way of socialising using the instruments because it allows the student to join a shared environment and to accept a set of rules around building a professional identity towards the engineering profession. The industrial placement gives the student a mechanism for conversation which allows him to modify and reconstruct the subjective reality, giving him a new professional identity. The written report and the viva voice are opportunities for the student to discuss the learning from the placement.- When the student presents his experience within the company, he is situated at the intersection of several activity systems: his own, that of the company at which he worked and that of the teacher who is going to validate this experience for his training, the engineering curriculum. We therefore characterise how the method proposed by the curriculum allows a level of reflexiveness and increased visibility of the contradictions experienced and how they can be overcome. We then look at to what extent these reflexions are contained within the written report and the viva voice..From an analysis of the history of engineering studies, we aim to understand the educational logic and the evolution of the industrial placement. An analysis of prescribed training courses is undertaken through the documents from the Engineering school. Questionnaires and interviews allow information about the placement to be recorded by the director of studies and of the students of the class of 2006 have on the placement. Then two case studies are undertaken based on the analysis of two students’ written reports and viva voices as well as interviews with their teachers.The data analysis showed that in order to work, a placement must be located in a variety of activity systems. The academic system which prescribes the placement is taken from the logic dependent on that of the authorities prescriptive to the engineering profession: companies and how they evolve, the politics of education, the CTI, the CEFI 
 On another scale, in the engineering curriculum that was observed, the activity systems questioned for this training course are those of the School, the company, the student, education and research. Finally, for the two students, we pointed out the convergences and the contradictions which exist between the activity system of a student, that of his teacher, that of the company, and that of the research

    Le management des hommes dans l’Administration industrielle et gĂ©nĂ©rale

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    International audienceCent ans aprĂšs la parution de l’Administration industrielle et gĂ©nĂ©rale (AIG) dans le Bulletin de la SociĂ©tĂ© de l’industrie minĂ©rale, l’ouvrage d’Henri Fayol Ă©tonne encore par son actualitĂ© et son originalitĂ©1. Écrite peu avant le terme de la carriĂšre d’un des principaux managers français de la seconde moitiĂ© du XIXe siĂšcle et du dĂ©but du XXe siĂšcle, cette publication n’est pas seulement un archĂ©type de la science moderne de gestion. Elle peut ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©e comme une somme sur le mĂ©tier d’ingĂ©nieur, sur ses qualitĂ©s et ses atouts et comme une oeuvre sociale. Elle a pu aussi ĂȘtre abordĂ©e comme un testament intellectuel et pratique, longuement mĂ»ri, que Fayol a voulu soumettre aux futurs ingĂ©nieurs. L’ouvrage renvoie enfin Ă  un contexte historique et intellectuel spĂ©cifique, que toute approche purement thĂ©orique risque de sous-estimer. Car Fayol fut un manager aux multiples facettes : ingĂ©nieur, gĂ©ologue, inventeur, homme de science et de combats politiques. L’Administration est le rĂ©sultat d’une personnalitĂ© complexe et d’une vie, pratique et intellectuelle, qui s’est enrichie par une articulation constante entre plusieurs centres d’intĂ©rĂȘt et disciplines. Cet ouvrage cherche Ă  rĂ©vĂ©ler la nature pluridisciplinaire de l’approche de Fayol
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